Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Administration of picroliv, a standardized fraction of alcoholic extent of Picrorhiza kurroa (3-12 mg/kg/day for two weeks) simultaneously with P. berghei infection showed significant protection against hepatic damage in Mastomys natalensis. The increased levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase, lipoprotein-X (LP-X) and bilirubin in the infected animals were marked reduced by different doses of picroliv. In the liver, picroliv decreased the levels of lipid peroxides and hydroperoxides and facilitated the recovery of superoxide dismutase and glycogen. Picroliv had no effect on the degree of parasitaemia.
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PMID:Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of picroliv (from Picrorhiza kurroa) in Mastomys natalensis infected with Plasmodium berghei. 218 29

Coleonol, a diterpine prevented biochemical changes induced by coronary artery ligation in rabbits at a dose of 10 mg/kg, iv. It increased the heart mitochondrial oxygen uptake and O ratio, which may be responsible for the stabilization of heart membrane. The decrease in serum creatine phosphokinase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase phospholipase and lipid peroxide and increase in cytochrome P450, glycogen and superoxide dismutase activity by coleonol treatment could have contributed to restore myocardial integrity and cardiac function disturbed by coronary artery ligation. The cardioprotective activity of coleonol was found to be comparable to propranolol.
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PMID:Protective effect of coleonol on biochemical changes produced in coronary ligation induced ischemia. 227 71

DDT administration (30 mg/kg per day, po, for 21 consecutive days) to rabbits showed an increase in peak plasma concentration and a decrease in time to reach peak plasma concentration of isoniazid whereas no change was observed in elimination rate constant and area under the plasma concentration-time curve. DDT treatment caused increased absorption of isoniazid. Early signs of hepatic damage were also observed. Since there was no change in the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, it can be concluded that DDT does not significantly affect liver function at the dosage used. The observed elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase could be due to direct activation of the enzyme. Leukopaenia and neutropaenia with relative lymphocytosis indicated that DDT might have suppressant effect on granulocyte cell line of WBCs.
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PMID:Effect of subacute DDT on pharmacokinetics of isoniazid and liver function in rabbits. 227 76

A model of reversible, extrahepatic biliary obstruction is described. Vessel loop blockade of the biliary tree results in obstructive jaundice while removal of the exteriorized vessel loop provides internal biliary drainage without subsequent laparotomy. This technique combined with a system for chronic venous infusion and arterial blood sampling in the unrestrained rat is ideal for long-term metabolic studies of obstructive jaundice. Male Fisher 344 rats (275-350 g) underwent either the combined procedure of total biliary tract blockade and vascular access or sham operation. Mean serum bilirubin was significantly elevated (12.7 +/- 8.9 mg/dl) in the experimental group and following relief of biliary obstruction significantly dropped below 1 mg/dl in all animals except one. Concomitant changes in alkaline phosphatase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase were seen. Experimental and control rats initially lost weight following laparotomy; however, mean body weight stabilized by the 5th postoperative day and was similar in both groups on the 10th postoperative day. This combined procedure is a simple, effective and reproducible method of obstructive jaundice.
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PMID:A model of reversible obstructive jaundice in the rat. 231 93

The haematological and hepatotoxic effects were studied after oral administration of Isoprocarb at 75, 112.5 and 150 mg kg-1 daily for 21 days in male and female chicken Gallus gallus domesticus (White Leghorns). The toxic effects as observed 10 or 21 days after medication include a statistically significant reduction in haemoglobin (Hb) content, haematocrit (Ht), protein and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), and an increase in glucose, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum acid phosphatase (SAP) activities of male and female chicken. The changes in other haematological parameters were generally insignificant, except for one or two doses in RBC, WBC, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and chloride. A significant inhibition of RBC acetylcholinesterase was noticed after 21 days of dosing only at the high dose (150 mg kg-1) in hens. The decrease in food intake and body weights of males and females indicated the overt signs of toxicity. In addition to haematological alterations, the results suggest both hepatotoxic and stress effects and pinpoint that these early biochemical changes induced by Isoprocarb may be predictive of pesticide toxicity.
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PMID:Haematological and hepatotoxic effects of isoprocarb in chicken. 238 Apr 80

Administration of carbon tetrachloride to normal rats increased activities of hepatic 5(1)-nucleotidase, acid phosphatase, acid ribonuclease while the activities of succinate dehydrogenase, glucose 6-phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and cytochrome P450 were decreased. Levels of lipid peroxides, total lipids and cholesterol of liver were also increased. The activities of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were increased. Other serum parameters showing changes after carbon tetrachloride were: bilirubin, proteins, cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein-X. Picroliv (from the plant Picrorhiza kurroa) in doses of 6 and 12 mg/kg provided a significant protection against most of the biochemical alterations produced by carbon tetrachloride. The degree of protection afforded by picroliv, when administered simultaneously or as a pretreatment was almost equal.
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PMID:Hepatoprotective activity of picroliv against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. 240 41

Clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis experienced from 1980 to 1988 were analyzed. The following results were obtained. 1) Sixteen patients were male; twenty were female. The thirty-six patients ranged in age from 29 to 76 years. 2) Fifteen patients had been exposed to Parakeets prior to the onset of illness. 3) High fever (94.1%) and cough (94.4%) were prominent clinical symptoms. 4) The number of pneumonic foci per lung field by chest X-ray, showed the right inferior lobe was most frequently involved (45.2%). According to the nature of roentgenological shadows, the ground-glass-like shadow was most frequent (70.6%). 5) Leucocytosis was present in only three patients. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were high in many patients. Half of the patients had elevated serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase. 6) All cases were treated with antibiotics and cured. The incidence of psittacosis may be increasing. Therefore, it is useful for clinicians to know the clinical features of this disease. These results may be useful in early diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis]. 240 12

A new method for vital staining of the conduction system during heart operations, the iodine gas method, was used in 12 patients. The right bundle branch stained well in all cases, and could be confirmed by the naked eye. The conduction system was not damaged by the staining procedure. The iodine gas used in this method had no adverse effects on thyroid function (thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroxine binding globulin, protein bound iodine) or liver function (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase). This method, therefore, was found to be valuable and without complication for preventing conduction disturbances during cardiac operations.
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PMID:Clinical application of a new vital staining method for the conduction system during heart operations. 245 Oct 90

To investigate the role of astrocytes in the metabolism of glutamate, the neurotransmitter of the granule cells of the cerebellar cortex, we have analyzed various parameters related to the synthesis of glutamate in astroglial cell clones that may be the in vitro counterparts of the cerebellar astrocytes. The "fibrous"-like clone spontaneously released large quantities of glutamate, even in the absence of glutamine in the culture medium, but did not release alanine. In contrast, the "Golgi-Bergmann"-like cells released alanine but not glutamate, whereas the "velate-protoplasmic"-like astrocytes released little glutamate and alanine. However, the glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities of the three astroglial cell lines, measured in the direction of glutamate synthesis, were comparable. In addition, the "velate protoplasmic" and "Golgi-Bergmann" clones did not consume glutamine present at 2 mM in the culture medium. These data suggest that the different types of in vivo cerebellar astrocytes may have distinct roles regarding glutamate-glutamine metabolism.
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PMID:Spontaneous glutamate release by a "fibrous"-like cerebellar astroglial cell clone. 256 3

It is well established that caloric restriction extends life span and significantly retards the rate of occurrence of most age-associated degenerative disease processes. A paucity of data exists relative to the mechanisms by which caloric restriction accomplishes these events. We have examined the effect of caloric restriction in rats on several hepatic enzymes of intermediary metabolism. The activities of glycolytic and supporting enzymes including lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase were all decreased in response to caloric restriction. Fructose 1-phosphate aldolase and creatine phosphokinase were not altered. Likewise, enzymes associated with lipid metabolism (malic enzyme and glycerokinase) were reduced (fatty acid synthetase was reduced, but not to a statistically significant degree). Activities of enzymes supporting gluconeogenesis (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, tyrosine aminotransferase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, amino acid oxidase, malate dehydrogenase, and glucose 6-phosphatase) were either unchanged or increased significantly by caloric restriction. Glucagon levels were decreased. Comparisons between young ad libitum fed and older calorically restricted rats revealed similar but not identical metabolic activity. These results suggest that caloric restriction produces an effect on intermediary metabolism, favoring the role of glucagon and glucose synthesis; but limiting the role of insulin and glucose catabolism in the liver. The former observation provides for the efficient support of peripheral tissues and the latter a level of energy production necessary only for self maintenance. Limited lipid metabolism suggests decreased potential for fatty acid epoxide formation and free radical damage to cellular macromolecules. Additionally, caloric restriction may delay the progressive age associated changes in the activities of some of the enzymes investigated.
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PMID:Effect of chronic caloric restriction on hepatic enzymes of intermediary metabolism in the male Fischer 344 rat. 266 33


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