Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using a radioimmunoassay technique serum alpha-fetoprotein could be detected in healthy adults in concentrations of less than 20 microgram/l. Of patients with acute, viral hepatitis 43% exhibited a transient rise of serum alpha-fetoprotein, the peak occurring eight to nine days after the maximum recorded serum aspartate transaminase activity. Patients with hepatic damage due to paracetamol poisoning were also shown to have transiently raised levels, the peak occurring earlier than in subjects with viral hepatitis. Six subjects with fatal fulminant hepatitis were studied; the three with the more protracted illness were noted to have increased levels before death. Twenty of 163 cases of chronic liver disease also had raised serum alpha-fetoprotein concentrations. In four, primary liver cell cancer developed; in two of these the serum alpha-fetoprotein levels rose progressively, and in two it remained raised but at low levels.
 ...
PMID:Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with acute and chronic liver disease. Relation to hepatocellular regeneration and development of primary liver cell carcinoma. 7 80

The serum gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (gamma-G.T.), aspartate transaminase (A.T.), urate, and triglyceride levels and the mean cell volume were estimated in 2034 healthy men. In 14.9% gamma-G.T. was elevated, in 8.0% A.T. was raised, and in 4.2% both enzymes were elevated. Findings were almost identical in a subgroup of 146 whose alcohol intake was known. Both enzymes, serum-urate, and mean cell volume showed a progressive rise with increasing alcohol consumption. The sensitivity of these markers is such that elevated levels are present in those whose alcohol intake would be regarded as normal and who are in no sense alcohol-dependent.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical and haematological markers of alcohol intake. 7 2

The relationship between plasma protein bound iodine (PBI) level and creatine kinase (CK) activity was investigated in 143 males and 528 females suspected of various thyroid disorders; there was significant negative correlation between low PBI level and raised CK activity. CK, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities were determined in plasma from patients with reduced PBI levels; apart from CK, LD was the only enzyme increased in an appreciable number of cases. A further series of specimens was collected from 66 patients with low PBI levels and the CK isoenzymes investigated. In all of these MM was the main form present; a trace of MB was found in 6. These findings do not explain the elevation of CK in hypothyroidism which may be a non-specific effect.
 ...
PMID:An investigation into creatine kinase and other plasma enzymes in thyroid disorders. 7 98

The clinical situation determines the choice of hepatic function tests. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) tests serve to detect disease, and when used in combination with a gammaglutamyl transferase (GGTP) test, to exclude it. The combination of ALP, GOT, bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin, globulin, and GGTP tests is useful for routine differential diagnosis. Prothrombin time indicates severity of disease. Interpretation is facilitated by attention to ALP or GOT predominance; the relationship of LDH, ALP, and bilirubin; and the ratio of GGTP to ALP. Abnormalities on routine tests frequently do no more than point out the need for more definitive procedures.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic function testing. 8 85

Using rats, we studied how best to assess hepatic damage after administering therapeutic doses of each of five anti-cancer drugs or of the hepatotoxin, carbon tetrachloride. As indexes, we compared measurement of the concentration of administered antipyrine in plasma with measurement in serum of alpha-fetoprotein or of the activities of five enzymes that reportedly best reflect hepatic damage. The biological half-life of antipyrine in the plasma was increased more than threefold on pretreating the rats with any of the five cytotoxic drugs or with carbon tetrachloride. In contrast, the concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, or glutamate dehydrogenase were not consistently increased. Of the enzymes tested in serum, aspartate aminotransferase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase best indicated hepatic impairment resulting from the treatment with anti-cancer drugs. Our results imply that determination of the pharmacokinetics of marker drugs such as antipyrine better indicates hepatic dysfunction induced by cytotoxic agents than does measurement of the enzymes liberated into serum as a result of damage to liver mitochondria.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic function assessed (in rats) during chemotherapy with some anti-cancer drugs. 8 82

The determination of enzyme activity in serum for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis has become increasingly popular. According to the author's experience serum aminotransferase is raised in about 100% of cases of chronic active hepatitis and also in active cirrhosis, but in only about 70--80% of persisting hepatitis or in moderately active chronic hepatitis. They are frequently normal in inactive cirrhosis. After aminotransferases the alkaline phosphatase is of great importance for the differential diagnosis of icterus. If aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase are determined at the same time, every cholestatic icterus can be diagnosed with certainty.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical enzyme diagnosis in chronic hepatitis. Possibilities and limitations (author's transl)]. 10 40

The content of free amino acids, activity of aspartate and alanine transaminase, number of sulphydryl groups in fish tissues were studied as affected by lethal amounts (3.2 g/l) of blue-green algae. Blue-green algae have a certain affect on fishes not only by excreting biologically active substances in the process of vital activity and decay but also changing the gas regime of the medium (the oxygen content lowers, the amount of carbon dioxide increases). Under the algae effect the total content of free amino acids in the fish liver, intestine and muscles increases, mainly due to a rise in the content of glutamic acid with threonine and aspartic acid with serine. These changes are most essential in the liver, intestine and are less pronounced in the muscles. Under the effect of blue-green algae the activity of aspartate transaminase increases in the heart, brain and decreases in the intestine. The activity of alanine transaminase enhances in the heart, intestine and brain. The ration value for these enzymes changes significantly in the brain, liver, intestine, but does not differ from the control in the muscles.
 ...
PMID:[Amino acid composition and transaminase activity in fish tissues, in a medium containing Cyanophyceae]. 10 39

After the second and fourth parturition of piglets, ten clinically healthy sows, weaned on the second day of life, were subjected to examination two to three days before heat, during heat (defined by typical changes on the outer genitals and immobilization in the presence of a boar) and two days after insemination. During the morning hours, four hours after the last feeding, blood was taken from V. cava cranialis. Seventeen parameters were determined in whole blood and in the blood serum. In the period of oestrus, compared with the period two to three days before this period and two days after insemination, a marked increase was observed in the concentration of the serum levels of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, iron, and in the activity of alanine aminotransferase. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase was increased in heat only in comparison with the period of the two days after insemination. The concentration of haemaglobin in whole blood was significantly increased in comparison with the period before oestrus and after insemination. Further, in the heat period -- as compared with the time before it -- a considerable drop was observed in the content of inorganic phosphorus and vitamin A. The possible mechanism of the occurrence of other changes is discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Biochemical and hematological changes in sows during estrus]. 11 95

The rate of protein synthesis in Streptomyces aureofaciens, measured by incorporation of U-14C-L-leucine into cells, fluctuated during the production phase in the range of 10-15% of the values determined in the phase of intensive growth. Tetracycline partially inhibited the protein synthesis during the growth phase only. The proteins synthesized between the 6th and 18th hour of growth, were 75% degraded by the 48th hour. The DNA synthesis, measured by means of incorporation of 2-14C-thymine into the mycelium, occurred predominantly during the first 24 h of cultivation. Similarly, DNA synthesized between the 6th and 12th hour of cultivation was degraded by 75% after 48 h. The turnover of culture proteins is thus caused largely by degradation of old cells and growth of new ones which are more resistant to tetracycline. The activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increase substantially towards the end of fermentation.
 ...
PMID:Synthesis and degradation of proteins and DNA in Streptomyces aureofaciens. 11 13

Patients who receive total intravenous or nasogastric nutritional support after surgery for head and neck cancer show abnormalities of liver function. Twenty such patients were maintained in positive nitrogen balance. Serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase values were increased in 15 and 18 cases respectively. Possible causes for the abnormalities are discussed and further investigations proposed.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal liver function during nutritional support in postoperative cancer patients. 11 92


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>