Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After the second and fourth parturition of piglets, ten clinically healthy sows, weaned on the second day of life, were subjected to examination two to three days before heat, during heat (defined by typical changes on the outer genitals and immobilization in the presence of a boar) and two days after insemination. During the morning hours, four hours after the last feeding, blood was taken from V. cava cranialis. Seventeen parameters were determined in whole blood and in the blood serum. In the period of oestrus, compared with the period two to three days before this period and two days after insemination, a marked increase was observed in the concentration of the serum levels of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, iron, and in the activity of alanine aminotransferase. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase was increased in heat only in comparison with the period of the two days after insemination. The concentration of haemaglobin in whole blood was significantly increased in comparison with the period before oestrus and after insemination. Further, in the heat period -- as compared with the time before it -- a considerable drop was observed in the content of inorganic phosphorus and vitamin A. The possible mechanism of the occurrence of other changes is discussed.
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PMID:[Biochemical and hematological changes in sows during estrus]. 11 95

Normal values for 13 chemical constituents of plasma were estimated from results for 837 presumably healthy children. Ninety microliters of specimen was analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus, total calcium, total cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, uric acid, urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and glucose. We used two Abbott ABA-100 Bichromatic Analyzers interfaced directly to the ABA Data Management System. For each test age- and sex-related variations were assessed and normal values were estimated for six different age groups.
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PMID:Microchemical analysis for 13 constituents of plasma from healthy children. 43 35

In order to verify the influence of sampling time on blood constituents, populations of supposedly healthy subjects were grouped according to age, sex, deviation from their ideal weight, state of fasting or nonfasting, and time of sampling. Each fasting subject in one group underwent two samplings during the course of a morning: the first at 08.00 and the second between 09.00 and 12.00. In the second group, the first was taken at 13.00, and the second between 14.00 and 16.00. Subjects in the second group had eaten a standard meal of 700 calories at 12.00. Differences between the paired samples from a given individual are discussed with respect to the time of sampling for plasma urea, creatinine, proteins, albumin, calcium, sodium, potassium, cholesterol, uric acid, chloride ions, phosphate, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, hemoglobin and erythrocyte and leukocyte counts. Variations due to the time of sampling were large for phosphorus, bilirubin, and leukocyte count.
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PMID:The effect of sex, deviation from ideal weight and sampling time on blood constituents in presumably healthy subjects. 43 75

A study of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged twin men provided an opportunity to test for genetic variability in the SMA 12/60 (Technicon) battery of clinical chemistry tests. Classical twin methodology was used to analyze the variation of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. In addition, frequency of co-twin contact was used to control for effects of differences in shared environment. Genetic variability played a definite role in controlling four of the 11 reported tests: one-hour serum glucose, serum urea nitrogen, uric acid, and bilirubin. No genetic variation was found for lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase. Significantly higher means for calcium, total protein, albumin, and aspartate aminotransferase in monozygotic twins precluded any statement about heredity and environment for these tests.
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PMID:Genetic variability of clinical chemical values. 55 78

In a retrospective analysis of 78 patients with liver cirrhosis, we found low serum levels of calcium and phosphorus. The low calcium levels showed a better correlation with high activity of aspartate aminotransferase than with low levels of albumin. In addition, there was a relationship between low calcium and low phosphorus levels. Therefore, factors other than, and in addition to, hypoalbuminemia seem to be responsible for the low calcium and phosphorus levels in cirrhosis patients. Although low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were found in 23 of our patients, there was no indication that hypovitaminosis D was causative factor in the hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia.
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PMID:Low levels of serum calcium, phosphorus and plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D in cirrhosis of the liver. 68 Nov 62

The values of a number of biochemical variables have been studied before and after a 50-gram load of glucose orally. Reductions which were statistically significant were found for sodium, potassium, urea, total protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, urate, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, but not for bicarbonate, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, triglyceride or chloride. The magnitude of the changes was generally not great, but could be clinically appreciable. The differences may need to be taken into account in comparing population studies.
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PMID:The effect of 50 grams of glucose orally on a number of biochemical variables. 85 60

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from the atlanto-occipital (AO) and lumbosacral (LS) subarachnoid spaces of 24 horses and 21 ponies that had no clinical evidence of neurologic disease. Depth of needle insertion, pressures, refractive index, rapid reagent strip test (protein, glucose, blood, pH) results, cell counts, content of protein, glucose, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, urea nitrogen, and cholesterol, and activities of creatine phosphokinase, aspartate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were determined. The resulting clinical reference values obtained were discussed in light of the published normal values for CSF from horses, other animals, and man. White cell counts in CSF were found to be from 0 to 6/microliters. Values for protein content were distributed between wider limits than previously reported values. The LS-AO difference is proposed as a criterion for clinical evaluation of CSF protein content. Ponies were found to have more protein in their CSF than did the horses, and CSF from the LS site contained more glucose than that from the AO site. The CSF electrolyte composition was similar to that of previous reports. Enzyme activities in equine CSF are reported for the 1st time.
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PMID:Equine cerebrospinal fluid: reference values of normal horses. 91 Oct 95

Because of the difficulties in drawing blood for clinical chemistry in small laboratory animals there exist many methods for sampling blood and the preparation of serum, none of which is generally accepted or well standardised. It was the aim of this study to investigate the effects of sampling techniques on normal values of enzyme activities in the serum of rat and mouse. The activities of the following enzymes were determined: sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase, myokinase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase. In addition plasmaproteins, urea and inorganic phosphorus were measured. In rats blood was obtained from the following sites: retroorbital venous plexus, jugular vein, heart and ventral aorta. In mice blood was sampled from the jugular vein and the ventral aorta. Shifts of water from the interstitial to the intravascular space due to hypovolemia occurring during the experimental procedure were followed up by measuring the hematocrit and the distribution of radioiodide labelled albumin. In rats the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase and myokinase found in blood serum obtained from the retroorbital venous plexus and the ventral aorta were too high compared to the other sampling sites. Activities of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase were slightly elevated when blood was sampled from the punctured retroorbital venous plexus. Small differences in plasmaproteins and hematocrit values were found to be due to acute shifts of water within the extracellular space. In mice the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and myokinase were found to be too high in blood serum obtained from the ventral aorta. Efflux of enzymes from damaged cells and the interstitial space ive caused erroneous results too, but only to a minor extent. The most reliable method for blood sampling in rat and mouse is the cannulation of the jugular vein. The heart puncture can be recommended too. Attention should be paid, however, to the possibility of aspirating disrupted muscle cells through the inserted needle.
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PMID:[Effects of blood sampling on enzyme activities in the serum of small laboratory animals (author's transl)]. 108 84

Blood samples were collected from 91 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa), immediately after being shot. Serum mean biochemical values from shot deer are presented for blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatine kinase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, calcium, and phosphorus. Mean total protein and albumin increased with age. There was an age-associated increase of gamma globulins. Mean creatine kinase activity and creatinine, albumin and phosphorus concentrations were higher in stags than in hinds. Pregnant hinds had lower mean creatine kinase activity and phosphorus and higher mean alanine aminotransferase and total protein than non-pregnant hinds. Mean calcium concentration increased when deer were agitated before bleeding.
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PMID:Serum biochemical values of rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) in New Caledonia. 128 72

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disease for which there is no effective treatment. The cause of death in patients with DMD is often cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. This clinical observation, combined with experimental findings, suggests that other non-muscle organ systems may be affected in the dystrophic disease state. To test this hypothesis, the present study investigated liver and kidney function in the mdx mouse. Serum chemistries and the hepatic cytochrome P-450 system in normal and dystrophic mdx mice were investigated at two different ages. Increases in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and cholesterol levels, combined with an increase in liver weight and a decrease in cytochrome P-450, suggests the possibility of hepatic dysfunction. Increases in serum uric acid and phosphorus, and decreased kidney weight suggest hepatic dysfunction.
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PMID:Serum and organ indices of the mdx dystrophic mouse. 143 89


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