Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We retrospectively reviewed 159 episodes of bacteraemic pneumococcal infection in 157 adult patients at the Helsinki University Central Hospital during two periods between 1976 and 1979 and 1986 and 1989. We looked especially at changes in underlying diseases and prognostic factors. The overall case fatality rate was 21% and there was a small diminishing trend in that rate from 28% (16/58) in the late 1970s to 17% (17/101) in the late 1980s. The patients who died in the late 1980s were younger than those who died in the earlier period. The most common underlying factors were alcohol abuse, cardiovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Old age was neither a predisposing factor nor did it predict the outcome. No significant changes in underlying diseases or prognostic factors were noted during the two periods studied except a small decrease in connective tissue diseases as underlying conditions. The factors related to increased fatality included hepatic cirrhosis, a combination of pneumonia and meningitis, complications such as shock, respiratory insufficiency, central nervous system disorders and circulatory acidosis, and laboratory findings such as thrombocytopenia, absence of leucocytosis and increased amounts of serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase on admission to the hospital. Previous splenectomy and malignant diseases were not associated with higher mortality. The thrombocytopenia at the time of positive blood culture and the circulatory acidosis as a complication seemed to be independently the most useful predictive factors for a fatal outcome using multivariate logistical regression analysis after adjustment to classic risk factors.
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PMID:Pneumococcal bacteraemia during a recent decade. 156 6

Curcumin, the active principle of turmeric, is known to act as an anti-oxidant, anti-mutagen and anti-carcinogen in experimental animals. In the present study, anti-mutagenic effects of turmeric were assessed in 16 chronic smokers. It was observed that turmeric, given in doses of 1.5 g/day for 30 days, significantly reduced the urinary excretion of mutagens in smokers. In contrast, in six non-smokers, who served as control, there was no change in the urinary excretion of mutagens after 30 days. Turmeric had no significant effect on serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, blood glucose, creatinine and lipid profile. These results indicate that dietary turmeric is an effective anti-mutagen and it may be useful in chemoprevention.
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PMID:Effect of turmeric on urinary mutagens in smokers. 157 64

The number of clinical chemical analyses performed on blood in the County of Frederiksborg in 1990 was 3.7 per inhabitant. The number of analyses requested increased by only 2.5% since 1986. Approximately 1/3 of the analyses were requested from primary care and about 1/5 of these analyses were performed in the doctors' offices. Approximately 100 different kinds of analyses were requested, but the 10 (20) most frequent analyses requested in 1990 account for 62 (80%) of the analyses requested from the hospitals and 73 (89%) of the analyses requested from primary care. Approximately 50% of the analyses requested for B-hemoglobin and B-sedimentation rate and about 70% of the analyses requested for B-glucose was performed in the doctors' office in 1990. Only the number of analyses requested for B-glucose has increased (50%) since 1986. The three analyses account for more than 90% of the clinical chemical analyses performed on blood in the doctors' offices. The pattern of analyses for the ten most frequent analyses requested from primary care differs from the pattern of analyses requested from the hospitals. As compared with the number of analyses requested for P-creatinine, the analyses P-aspartate aminotransferase, P-alkaline phosphatase, B-sedimentation rate and B-differential counts were requested more than twice as frequently from primary care as from the hospitals. The pattern of analyses requested for a number of the 20 most frequently requested analyses shows considerably variation from hospital to hospital. This is especially pronounced for B-sedimentation rate and B-leucocyte counts.
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PMID:[The roles of primary and secondary health services in the production and utilization of clinical chemical blood analyses. A 5-year survey in the county of Frederiksborg]. 160 47

Egyptian scorpion venom was collected by electrical stimulation of the telson. Rats were injected with the lyophilized venom in 3 different doses (100, 200 and 400 micrograms/kg). Blood samples were drawn by heart puncture before and 4 h after venom administration. Serum was separated and collected for determination of glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid (UA), total proteins, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). Serum glucose, creatinine, GOT, GPT and LDH were increased significantly in all treatments. At the same time serum BUN and CPK were elevated significantly with a dose-response relationship. On the other hand, serum total proteins, uric acid, cholesterol, calcium and potassium were significantly decreased 4 h after administration of the 3 doses. These changes in clinical chemistry parameters are most probably related to the toxic effect of the venom on the target organs.
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PMID:Effect of scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus (H&E) venom on the clinical chemistry parameters of the rat. 160 45

Blood samples were collected from v. jugularis in five-day intervals from parturition to postpartum day 45 in the rearing conditions of a dairy cow production herd, consisting of 10 groups with 10 pluriparous cows each (crossbreds of Bohemian Pied cattle with Holstein-Friesian cattle). In blood serum the following activities were determined photometrically: aspartate aminotransferase--AST (0.36-0.47 mukat.l-1), gamma-glutamyl transferase--GMT (0.50-0.83 mukat.l-1) and lactate dehydrogenase--LD (7.22-9.10 mukat.l-1); their average values were at an almost constant level. Only did AST and GMT values decrease slightly from day 25 after parturition. The glucose average content on the day of parturition (4.07 mmol.l-1) steeply decreased to postpartum day 5 (2.79 mmol.l-1), and later on, it increased irregularly. The average values of total protein (66.7-73.2 g per 1) slightly increased from postpartum day 20. The values of urea (2.33-2.37 mmol.l-1) and bilirubin (3.49-5.15 mmol.l-1) did not show any larger changes in dependence on the time elapsing from parturition. The average content of creatinine (124-162 mmol.l-1) increased irregularly from postpartum day 15 and then it decreased. Cholesterol concentrations were gradually increasing from 2.58 mmol.l-1 on the day of parturition to 4.99 mmol.l-1 on day 45 after parturition. The average contents of calcium (2.20-2.66 mmol.l-1) and phosphorus (1.75-2.27 mmol.l-1) were irregularly increasing until day 20 after parturition. Also the average content of magnesium (0.86-1.15 mmol.l-1) rose from day 25 after parturition.
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PMID:[Biochemical changes in the peripheral blood in cows 45 days after parturition]. 168 73

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of acute 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) intoxication (0.6 g/kg, po) on lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, amylase, creatinine, glucose, total protein and albumin levels in rats. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and creatinine increased from 1- to 4-fold at 5, 8 and 24 h after 2,4-D administration, whereas serum levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase were higher only at 8 and 24 h. Amylase levels were only increased 8 h after administration of 2,4-D and then returned to normal levels. In contrast, 2,4-D reduced the serum levels of glucose and total protein 5, 8 and 24 h and serum albumin levels 5 h after herbicide intoxication. Thus, acute intoxication with 2,4-D disrupts serum levels of several enzymes and components which are considered to be indicators of tissue injury. Most likely these alterations mainly reflect hepatic and muscle tissue damage induced by the herbicide, but significant pancreatic and kidney toxicity may also have occurred.
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PMID:Effects of acute 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid intoxication on some rat serum components and enzyme activities. 172 51

Hyperlipidemia may be one of the risk factors in the development of atherosclerotic disease in renal transplant recipients. In the present study, 24 kidney recipients with hyperlipidemia were treated with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pravastatin (10 mg/day). All recipients had been treated with cyclosporine (CsA), azathioprine (Az), and prednisolone (Pred). The mean total cholesterol (T-chol) level decreased from 323 +/- 7.4 to 261 +/- 7.9 mg/dl at one month after starting treatment (P less than 0.01) and this level did not change during treatment for further 6 months. The mean LDL cholesterol level was also decreased from 205.9 +/- 11.2 to 118.7 +/- 8.1 mg/dl at 3 months after starting treatment (P less than 0.01). On the other hand, pravastatin did not affect the levels of HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. Pravastatin did not show any effects on the white blood cell, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts, or the hemoglobin concentration (NS). One patient displayed a slight elevation of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, but this was not sufficient to cease treatment. Pravastatin did not adversely affect the renal function or creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. Two recipients developed nausea and vomiting and their treatment was stopped. Pravastatin appears to be a safe and efficacious method of treating hyperlipidemia in renal transplant recipients.
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PMID:The effects of pravastatin on hyperlipidemia in renal transplant recipients. 173 92

We have previously shown the safety and efficacy of University of Wisconsin solution for hypothermic preservation of the human donor heart in a pilot group of 16 transplant recipients. The present study is a randomized clinical trial comparing University of Wisconsin solution to conventional preservation using crystalloid cardioplegia and saline storage within a 4-hour limit of ischemia. Heart transplant recipients (n = 42) were randomized into two groups: those receiving hearts preserved by University of Wisconsin solution, the UWS group (n = 22), and those receiving hearts preserved in the conventional manner, the CCS group (n = 20). Recipient age, gender, heart disease, and preoperative inotropic support and donor age, gender, and mean ischemic time in hours (UWS 2 hours 36 minutes, range 1 hour 36 minutes to 2 hours 53 minutes; CCS 2 hours 20 minutes, range 1 hour 20 minutes to 2 hours 44 minutes; p = not significant) were similar. Significant differences observed between the two groups included (1) mean time (minutes) from reperfusion to achieve a stable rhythm, (2) need for intraoperative defibrillations, (3) need for transient cardiac pacing, and (4) integrated postoperative creatinine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase release over 48 hours. There was no difference in postoperative electrocardiogram, endomyocardial biopsy, or hemodynamics. One UWS patient died of sepsis and another of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. UWS is safe for donor organ arrest and preservation despite high viscosity and potassium concentration. When compared with CCS hearts, hearts preserved in UWS regained electrical activity more rapidly and had better myocardial protection as demonstrated by enzymatic analysis. Further investigation is required to determine the effects of UWS preservation on long-term survival, to determine the prevalence of rejection and graft atherosclerosis, and to test the ability of UWS to extend donor ischemic time in human cardiac transplantation.
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PMID:University of Wisconsin solution versus crystalloid cardioplegia for human donor heart preservation. A randomized blinded prospective clinical trial. 173 83

The time course of changes in serum proteins and other blood constituents after eccentric exercise of the forearm flexors by six nonweight-trained female subjects (age, 19.7 +/- 1.9 years) was investigated. Eccentric muscle actions are those in which the muscle lengthens as it exerts force, as when a person lowers a weight. Serum levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, myoglobin, as well as urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, calcium, and phosphorus were examined before and for 6 days after exercise. Creatine kinase increased dramatically (peak value ranged from 6740 to 24,200 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and myoglobin followed the same time course as creatine kinase, but their peak values were lower. These proteins did not increase significantly until 48 hours after exercise and reached peak values 3 to 5 days after exercise. Alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, and phosphorus showed no change. There is either a delay in muscle protein release by damaged muscle fibers, or the proteins are unable to leave the interstitial area for the 24 to 48 hour period after exercise. Because of the long delay, care should be taken when blood protein levels are interpreted in persons who have exercised strenuously (even if only for a short period of intense effort) several days before any diagnostic tests are performed.
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PMID:Time course of serum protein changes after strenuous exercise of the forearm flexors. 174 Jun 32

In 1983 and 1984 blood was collected from 79 cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) confined to an outdoor enclosure in southern Illinois to establish reference values for hematology and serum chemistry. Packed cell volume, sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, calcium, carbon dioxide, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, and osmolality were measured. Sex and age (adult versus juvenile) of rabbit as well as season (June to September versus October to May) and method of capture (trap versus shot) variously affected most hematology and serum chemistry variables.
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PMID:Hematology and serum chemistry of cottontail rabbits of southern Illinois. 175 30


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