Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-two patients with clinical, biochemical, immunological and pathological characteristics compatible with primary biliary cirrhosis were studied. There were 17 women and 5 men with a mean age of 57.4 +/- 15.2 years and a mean follow-up of 24.1 +/- 20.1 months. Four of them expired during the follow-up and eighteen patients now survive. The most common complaints were fatigue (63.6%) and itching (59.1%). Only one case (4.5%) was asymptomatic in this series. The major physical findings were jaundice (50%) and hepatomegaly (50%). The significant laboratory findings were: elevation of alkaline phosphatase (91% of the cases greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (100% of the cases greater than 4 times the upper limit of normal), aspartate transaminase (95%) and alanine transaminase (100%), presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (91%), antinuclear antibodies (73%) and the elevation of IgM (88%). One case was associated with ulcerative colitis. Pathological staging in this series revealed 57.9% of stage II, 26% of stage III, 10% of stage IV and 5.3% of stage I. All patients with granuloma survived but 4 of the 5 patients with cholestasis died during follow-up. The results show that the features in this series of PBC were similar to those observed in western countries. The very high ALP and gamma-GT level as well as only one asymptomatic case in this series, suggest that our patients were diagnosed at a late stage. The reason(s) for the higher positivity of ANA, particularly the speckled type and a lower rate of associated auto-immune disease requires further study. Liver biopsy in predicting a prognosis is valuable.
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PMID:[A clinicopathological study in primary biliary cirrhosis]. 135 58

A 28-day oral toxicity test of tetrachlorvinphos (TCV) was conducted in male and female Slc: Wistar rats by gavage at dose levels of 0, 10, 100 or 1000 mg/kg/day. The male and female rats showed dose-related inhibition of serum cholinesterase activity and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity. At a dose of 1000 mg/kg, body weight gain was decreased in males, and there were 6 deaths in females. Adrenal gland, liver, kidney and thyroid gland weights were increased. The adrenal lesions were characterized by vacuolization and swelling of the cortex cells. The hepatic lesions consisted of vacuolization and necrosis of the hepatocytes. The renal lesions consisted of regeneration and necrosis of the tubular epithelial cells. These lesions were mostly observed at a dose of 1000 mg/kg. After a 14-day recovery period in the 1000 mg/kg group, the changes of cholinesterase, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen in serum were restored or showed a tendency toward recovery. However, the lesions in the kidney and adrenal remained. More than 14 days are therefore considered to be needed for recovery. At doses of more than 10 mg/kg, significant inhibition of the serum cholinesterase activity in both sexes, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in males, and lesions of the adrenal gland in females were observed. Target organs for TCV-treated rats were the adrenal, liver and kidney. It was concluded that the NOEL under this experimental condition is less than 10 mg/kg/day.
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PMID:[Twenty-eight-day repeated dose toxicity test for tetrachlorvinphos in Wistar rat]. 136 60

We have reported that 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid increased response rate and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Now we have analysed prognostic factors for response, toxicity, survival and time to progression. The variables used for survival and response were treatment centre, treatment, age, sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), site of disease, previous radiotherapy, site of primary, disease-free interval, initial alkaline phosphatase (AP), albumin (A), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT). The significant independent variables for survival were PS of 2 or more, initial albumin and SGOT, and treatment received, in order of importance. The relative risk of death when patients received 5-FU/folinic acid was 60% of that of patients receiving 5-FU alone. The variables predictive of response were treatment and PS. The variables used for analysis of toxicity were age, treatment centre, treatment, sex, tumour response, PS, number of courses, SGOT, AP and albumin. Treatment was found to be predictive of toxicity. Thus, baseline albumin and SGOT, and 5-FU/folinic acid treatment are significant determinants of survival, 5-FU/folinic acid and PS of 2 or more are major determinants of response and no clinical parameter could be identified as a predictor of toxicity.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid. 138 17

We assessed the analytical performance of the Axon system (Bayer Diagnostici), according to the European Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines, for assay of 12 analytes: cholesterol, creatinine, glucose, total protein, urea, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, sodium, and potassium. The field evaluation lasted approximately 5 months and involved the collection of approximately 10,000 data points with the Axon. The following results were obtained: The highest CVs for controls and human sera at different concentration/activity values were 2.2% for within-run imprecision (n = 60; 3 days, pooled estimate) and 3.5% for the between-day imprecision (n = 20 days). Close correlation was found with results for patients' specimens assayed with comparative instruments (Hitachi 717 for substrates and enzymes, Beckman Synchron EL/E4A for electrolytes). No drift was observed during 8 h of operation. The linearity range was broad, sometimes exceeding the manufacturer's claims. No sample-, reagent-, or cuvette-related carryover was found. Measurement of control sera gave results within +/- 5% of the assigned values. We conclude that good reliability and practicability make the Axon system suitable for laboratories with various needs.
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PMID:Axon clinical chemistry analyzer evaluated according to ECCLS protocol. 139 98

The historical and clinical features and the haematological and biochemical changes in 126 cats with hyperthyroidism are described; 125 of the cats were domestic short- or longhaired, and one was a chinchilla. There were 62 males and 64 females with a mean age of 13.0 years. The duration of signs ranged from two days to two years with a mean of 5.4 months. The historical and clinical features were weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, hyperactivity, diarrhoea, respiratory abnormalities, other cardiac abnormalities, skin lesions, vomiting, moderately raised temperature, decreased activity, decreased appetite, congestive cardiac failure, haematuria and intermittently decreased appetite. Goitre was palpable in 123 cats. The serum total thyroxine concentrations of the cats were more than three standard deviations above the mean of the reference range. Serum total tri-iodothyronine concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 14.96 nmol/litre and were within the reference range in 11 of the cats. Mild hyperthyroidism was a much commoner cause of high normal or marginally above normal thyroid hormone concentrations than severe, concurrent, non-thyroidal illness. Other common biochemical changes were increased of serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There were minimal changes in the red cell parameters. Leucocyte changes showed two trends: a mature neutrophilia, either with or without an accompanying leucocytosis often in association with a lymphopenia, or an eosinophilia, either with or without a lymphocytosis.
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PMID:Historical, clinical and laboratory features of 126 hyperthyroid cats. 141 11

A study was undertaken in five draught horses of 648 +/- 33 kg body weight to find the effects of continuously pulling loads on their cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses. A cart equipped with an odometer, for measuring distance, and a hydraulic dynamometer, for measuring draught force, was used. Heart and respiration rates and rectal temperatures were recorded. Blood samples for measuring arterial and venous pH and blood gases, haemoglobin, glucose and lactic acid concentrations and the serum activity of the enzymes creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were taken before exercise and immediately after each journey (morning and afternoon) of the daily work. Draught exercise, with loads which generated forces of between 0.57 and 0.59 kN, at speeds of 1.60 to 2.11 m/s, for 8 h daily for five consecutive days, with resting intervals of 10 min each hour, was well tolerated. Exercise tolerance was evaluated from the recovery from the changes observed in the biochemical and physiological parameters induced by the work. The analysis of these showed that, when the horses were subjected to prolonged periods of resting, their loss of fitness for work was shown by significant increases in the serum activity of muscle-derived enzymes and in blood lactate concentrations during the first day of work. However, over the following days the horses adapted to the work, so that the decreases in serum enzyme activities and blood lactate concentrations were reduced. Since similar observations have been described for racehorses, the determination of blood lactate concentrations and the serum activities of muscle-derived enzymes, specifically CK, seem to be good indicators of fitness in draught horses.
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PMID:Biochemical and physiological parameters and estimated work output in draught horses pulling loads for long periods. 141 84

Activities of arginase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were determined in sera obtained in a group of healthy women, women with verified carcinoma of the breast, benign mastopathy, a group of patients with carcinoma of various organs and a group of patients with acute viral hepatitis. Preoperative values of serum arginase activity in patients with breast carcinoma were up to 4-fold those found in healthy women. Sensitivity of the test was 86%. After the surgery, the activity decreased abruptly during the first week and normalised within 15-30 days. In benign diseases of the breast, the activity of arginase was normal. Serum arginase activity is raised in both benign and malignant liver diseases, however, the quotients alanine aminotransferase/arginase, aspartate aminotransferase/arginase and alkaline phosphatase/arginase differ significantly. Thus, use of alanine aminotransferase/arginase quotient implies a high degree of confidence in differentiating between increased arginase activity in mammary carcinoma (alanine aminotransferase/arginase = 0.572 +/- 0.278) and high arginase activity in hepatitis (alanine aminotransferase/arginase = 12.226 +/- 1.822).
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PMID:Arginase, a new marker of mammary carcinoma. 142 58

With the purpose of determining the long and short term changes in serum enzyme activities after a marathon race, a survey involving nine healthy male runners was carried out. A basal blood sample was extracted from each 24 hours prior to the race and three further extractions were made immediately after the race, as well as at 1 and a final 24 h after the end of the race. In the enzymes of preferably hepatic origin--alkaline phosphatase (AP), ganna-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)--scanty modifications were found and these could be related to the changes observed in the plasma volume. Enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which are widely distributed in the tissues, were found to have undergone more marked variations and these could not be related to the changes in the volume of the plasma, while in enzymes of muscular origin such as aldolase (ALD), creatine kinase (CK) and its cardiac isoenzyme (CK-MB), notable increases were observed due to the muscular injury suffered. The greatest example of this was the increase found in total CK 24 h after the end of the marathon (414.6%). The high serum percentages found in CK-MB in these endurance-trained runners in relation to total CK activity should be carefully assessed in order to avoid false diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Serum enzymes activities at rest and after a marathon race. 143 88

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disease for which there is no effective treatment. The cause of death in patients with DMD is often cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. This clinical observation, combined with experimental findings, suggests that other non-muscle organ systems may be affected in the dystrophic disease state. To test this hypothesis, the present study investigated liver and kidney function in the mdx mouse. Serum chemistries and the hepatic cytochrome P-450 system in normal and dystrophic mdx mice were investigated at two different ages. Increases in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and cholesterol levels, combined with an increase in liver weight and a decrease in cytochrome P-450, suggests the possibility of hepatic dysfunction. Increases in serum uric acid and phosphorus, and decreased kidney weight suggest hepatic dysfunction.
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PMID:Serum and organ indices of the mdx dystrophic mouse. 143 89

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent stimulator of DNA synthesis in cultured hepatocytes. To determine whether HGF has any activity in vivo, we have tested HGF in rats in which intrahepatic cholestasis was induced by acute administration of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). The hepatotoxic effects of a single injection of ANIT were manifested 48 h later as large increases in serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. These biochemical changes were accompanied by widespread periportal edema, hypertrophy of bile duct epithelium, and randomly scattered areas of liquifaction necrosis in the hepatic parenchyma. The increases in bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were markedly attenuated when HGF was administered 30 min before ANIT and again at 6, 12, 24, 30, and 36 h after ANIT. In addition, this HGF dosing regimen completely prevented the occurrence of parenchymal lesions, although it had no effect on periportal histopathology. The effect of ANIT was dose dependent; a maximal response was observed at 320 micrograms/kg per injection, with an intermediate response at 105 micrograms/kg. Delaying the administration of HGF until 12 h after ANIT was as effective as when administration was begun 30 min before ANIT. Taken together these results show that HGF can prevent some aspects of ANIT hepatotoxicity.
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PMID:Reduction of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced hepatotoxicity by recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor. 144 96


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