Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of ionophore supplementation on selected serum constituents of sheep consuming locoweed were investigated. Sixteen sheep were allotted by weight to a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments: 1) no locoweed, no lasalocid, 2) no locoweed, 0.75 mg lasalocid/kg BW, 3) 0.5 mg swainsonine/kg BW, no lasalocid, 4) 0.5 mg swainsonine/kg BW, 0.75 mg lasalocid/kg BW. Swainsonine was provided by locoweed (Oxytropissericea), and sheep were fed a blue grama based diet at 2.5% BW for a 35 d treatment period. Diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Blood samples were collected on d 1, 7,14, 21, 31 and 35 to determine serum swainsonine concentration, alkaline phosphatase, total iron, aspartate aminotransferase, g-glutamyltransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase activity and total cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations. No lasalocid by locoweed interaction (P > 0.4) was noted for any response variable measured. Average daily gains (P = 0.4) and orts (P = 0.7) were not affected by the treatments. No lasalocid treatment (P = 0.7) or day (P = 0.1) effect of serum swainsonine was observed. A locoweed by day interaction (P < 0.0001) of serum alkaline phosphatase was detected. Alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated (P < 0.01) for locoweed treated sheep at 24 h following initial exposure and remained elevated throughout the trail. Total iron was suppressed (P < 0.08) in locoweed fed sheep. A day effect (P < 0.02) was observed for serum iron. However, no linear, quadratic, or cubic effects of day were noted (P >0.2). A locoweed by day interaction (P < 0.0001) of serum aspartate aminotransferase and g-glutamyltransferase was detected. Aspartate aminotransferase levels were elevated (P < 0.0001) by d 7 for locoweed treated animals and remained elevated throughout the trial. g--Glutamyltransferase levels were suppressed (P < 0.0001) by day 7 for locoweed treated animals and remained suppressed throughout the trial. A locoweed by day interaction (P = 0.06) of serum cholesterol was detected. However, no linear, quadratic, or cubic effects of day were detected (P = 0.2). Lasalocid treatment had no effect on any serum constituent measured. Use of lasalocid in grazing animals should not increase the likelihood of locoweed intoxication.
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PMID:Effect of lonophore supplementation on selected serum constituents of sheep consuming locoweed. 1204 63

Metastatic carcinomas are the largest group of malignant tumors of the liver. But parenchymal liver metastasis from cystic ovarian adenocarcinoma is very rare. We report a case in which the resection of metastatic liver neoplasm from ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma was done 7 yr after initial treatment. A 48-yr-old oriental housewife complained of easy fatigability and right lower quadrant discomfort. The hepatic mass was detected by ultrasonographic examination. Serum albumin, bilirubin, and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase were normal. Alkaline phosphatase level was slightly increased at 146 IU/L. A tumor marker study showed alpha-fetoprotein 0.97 IU/mL, carcinoembryonic antigen 0.965 ng/mL, cancer antigen 125 1,267 ng/mL and CA 19-9 106.1 ng/mL. The operation involved cholecystectomy and segmentectomy VI and VII of the liver. The patient recovered from the surgery without any complication. On the 10th postoperative day, the patient received a single-regimen chemotherapy with paclitaxel (Taxol, 155 mg/m(2) BSA) and was discharged. She has been carefully followed-up without any evidence of recurrence after completion of the remaining 5 cycles of chemo-therapy, at intervals of three weeks.
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PMID:Hepatic resection of metastatic tumor from serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. 1206 51

A 7-year-old castrated male Golden Retriever cross was evaluated because of intermittent blood-tinged diarrhea, severe weight loss, anorexia, and lethargy of 2 months' duration; the dog was unresponsive to antimicrobial and standard anthelmintic treatment. Results of fecal flotations for parasite ova were negative. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities and total protein and globulin conentrations were greater than reference ranges. Biopsy specimens were obtained during laparotomy and examination revealed multiple granulomatous lesions with helminth ova nidi in the intestine, pancreas, liver, and mesenteric lymph node. Saline solution direct smear and saline solution sedimentation of feces yielded trematode ova that were morphologically consistent with Heterobilharzia americana. Identification was confirmed when miracidia were hatched from these ova and produced characteristic cercariae from infected snails. An antigen capture ELISA, typically used for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in humans, was performed, and schistosome circulating anodic antigen was detected. Treatment with 30 mg of praziquantel/kg (14 mg/lb) of body weight stopped ova shedding, removed detectable circulating antigens, and caused the dog's body weight and attitude to return to normal. Although this is the first report of canine heterobilharziasis in North Carolina, it suggests that heterobilharziasis is underdiagnosed in dogs that have contact with water frequented by raccoons. Inappropriate diagnostic procedures can foil accurate detection of this parasitic disease.
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PMID:Heterobilharzia americana infection in a dog. 1212 29

Hematology and serum chemistry measurements were performed on blood specimens from 12 male Dunkin-Hartley hairless guinea pigs Crl:IAF(HA)BR and 10 haired Dunkin-Hartley male guinea pigs Crl:(HA)BR. Significantly higher activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, and creatine kinase were observed in the hairless guinea pigs as compared to the haired strain. Alkaline phosphatase activity was found to be lower in the hairless guinea pig. The hairless guinea pigs were found to have serum urea concentrations approximately 46% higher than the normal guinea pig strain. The erythrocytic mean cell volume of the hairless strain was found to be smaller, with a greater hemoglobin content. Hairless guinea pigs were found to have approximately 40% fewer leukocytes with a reversed lymphocyte:neutrophil ratio compared to the haired guinea pigs which had much higher lymphocyte counts.
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PMID:Hematology and clinical chemistry values of normal and euthymic hairless adult male Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). 1266 Sep 77

Groups of six goats were orally dosed with sporidesmin at rates of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 mg of sporidesmin per kg body weight and their responses up to 6 weeks later compared with those of sheep dosed at the same time. Clinical facial eczema and pathological lesions similar to those found in sheep were found in all the goat breeds, but at higher dose rates of sporidesmin than those which caused equivalent lesions in sheep. Saanens were the most susceptible goat breed, requiring 2-4 times as much sporidesmin as sheep to achieve similar effects. G4 and feral goats required 4-8 times the sheep dose of sporidesmin to obtain similar responses. Gamma-glutamyltransferase reached its highest serum levels after 20 days while glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase reached their highest levels between 10 and 20 days. Alkaline phosphatase did not rise consistently to high levels in affected goats. The elevation in aspartate aminotransferase levels tended to be early and transient; glutamate dehydrogenase early and prolonged; gamma-glutamyltransferase late and prolonged, and'alkaline phosphatase late and minor. There was considerable individual variation in the time at which elevations occurred and the levels which enzymes reached. Cholesterol and bilirubin levels were high if liver injury was severe.
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PMID:Facial eczema in goats: the toxicity of sporidesmin in goats and its pathology. 1603 10

This study was designed to determine the toxic effects of nickel sulfate on the biochemical and elemental profile of liver in protein deficient rats. Nickel sulfate in the dose of 800mg/l in drinking water was administrated to Sprauge Dawley (S.D) normal control as well as protein deficient rats for a total duration of eight weeks. The effects of nickel treatment and protein deficiency when given separately and in combination were studied on rat liver marker enzymes like Alkaline phosphatase (ALP),Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and also on the status of essential elements in rat liver. Protein deficient, Ni treated as well as combined protein deficient and nickel treated rats showed significant reductions in the body weight and hepatic protein contents as compared to normal control rats. Hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity and alanine aminotransferase showed a significant elevation in rats subjected to protein deficiency, nickel treatment and combined protein deficiency and nickel treatment. As regards to hepatic levels of aspartate aminotransferase a significant elevation was observed in protein deficient and nickel treated protein deficient animals. Nickel administration to normal and protein deficient rats has resulted in a significant increase in concentrations of nickel, phosphorus and sulfur in liver tissue. The concentration of zinc and copper in liver tissue decreased significantly in protein deficient, nickel treated and nickel treated protein deficient animals. Tissue iron concentrations were found to be decreased in protein deficient animals, but the concentrations of iron got elevated significantly in nickel treated and nickel treated protein deficient animals. It has been observed that selenium got decreased significantly in protein deficient, nickel treated and nickel treated protein deficient animals when compared to normal animals. The elevation of selenium in nickel treated protein deficient animals was also significantly higher when compared to protein deficient animals.
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PMID:Ineffectiveness of nickel in augmenting the hepatotoxicity in protein deficient rats. 1633 21

Limited information exists on serum biochemistry and haematology of the European wild boar, and few correlations have been found between parasitic burden and clinical parameters in this species. Naturally infected wild boars were experimentally treated to study the effect of nematode parasites and ivermectin treatment on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin reaction and haematological and serum biochemical parameters. White blood cells decreased in untreated wild boars, whereas triglyceride, lactate and creatinine concentrations increased in ivermectin-treated wild boars, and total protein and aspartate aminotransferase activity increased in both groups. Band neutrophils variation was positively correlated with the number of total adult parasites. Band neutrophils, creatinine and total protein variations were negatively correlated with both total egg counts and Metastrongylus eggs per gram variations. Alkaline phosphatase activity showed a negative correlation with Ascaris sp. eggs. The PHA skin reaction was positively correlated with the number of total adult parasites in untreated wild boars and with Metastrongylus sp. eggs of all wild boars at time 0. Two models including leukocytic and serum biochemical parameters were also highly correlated with the variation of Metastrongylus sp. eggs. Clinical parameters were thus in our study affected by helminth parasitism in the European wild boar, particularly those related to nutrients uptake, physical condition and immune response. Therefore, they could be useful in studies on subclinical effects of parasites, and parasitic burden must be considered when assessing the physical condition of European wild boars through haematological and serum biochemical parameters.
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PMID:Effects of parasitic helminths and ivermectin treatment on clinical parameters in the European wild boar (Sus scrofa). 1643 40

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely-used analgesic and a known hepatotoxic agent. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a growth factor with multiple functional roles. VEGF plays an important role in angiogenesis and hepatic regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of VEGF isoforms and its receptors throughout liver regeneration after the administration of a toxic dose of APAP in rats. Ten groups of adult male rats received a dose of 3.5 g/kg b.w. of APAP per os. The rats were killed post administration at 0-288 h. Blood and liver tissue were extracted. Determination of serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase activities was performed. Liver injury and regeneration were assessed with hematoxylin-eosin specimens, morphometric analysis, hepatic thymidine kinase assay and Ki-67 expression. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical methods were used for assessment of VEGF isoforms and receptors differential expression. High activities of aspartate aminotransferase were observed at 24 and 36 h with another peak of activity at 192 h post administration. Alanine aminotransferase was highest at 36 h. Alkaline phosphatase was increased post 24 h being higher at 72,192 and 240 h. Centrilobular necrosis was observed at 48-72 h and thorough restoration of the liver microarchitecture was observed at 288 h. Liver regeneration lasted from 24-192 h according to the results from thymidine kinase activity and Ki-67 expression. VEGF and VEGF receptor-2 m-RNA levels presented with a three-peak pattern of expression at 12-24, 72-96 and 192-240 h post administration. Significant difference was noted between periportal and centrilobular immunohistochemical expression. VEGF proves to play a critical role during APAP-induced liver regeneration as it presents with three points of higher expression. The first two time points are associated with the initial inflammatory reaction to the noxious stimulus and the hepatocyte regenerative process where as the third one is indicative of the potential involvement of VEGF in processes of remodeling.
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PMID:VEGF isoforms and receptors expression throughout acute acetaminophen-induced liver injury and regeneration. 1743 90

Evidence suggesting an effect of fetal growth on liver development and function stems from both animal and human studies. The association of birthweight with adult markers of liver damage and function was examined in a random sample of 2101 British women aged 60-79 years. Age-adjusted natural logged levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) decreased linearly across increasing thirds of birthweight. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were higher in women of the lowest third of the birthweight distribution compared with other women. No evidence was found for associations of birthweight with aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin and albumin. After full adjustment for social class, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption, an increase in one standard deviation of birthweight (691 g) was associated with a 2% ([95% CI 0%, 4%], P = 0.021) decrease in the geometric mean of ALT, a 4% decrease in GGT ([95% CI 1%, 6%], P = 0.008) and a 2% decrease in ALP ([95% CI 0%, 3%], P = 0.001). Associations of birthweight with ALT and GGT, but not with ALP, were attenuated when adjusting for components of the metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that factors affecting intrauterine growth may increase the propensity for adult liver damage. The attenuation of associations with adjustment for components of the metabolic syndrome is in line with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, indicated by elevated ALT and GGT, being the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and of the influence of perinatal factors on this syndrome.
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PMID:The associations between birthweight and adult markers of liver damage and function. 1817 79

Baseline blood chemistry data could be particularly valuable if reference values from free-ranging populations of rare or endangered species are not available. The Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in the conterminous United States, even though the species is managed as a furbearer in Alaska and in most provinces of Canada. Body mass, blood chemistry, and hematologic data for free-ranging lynx were collected from 2003 to 2007 and for captive lynx from 1984 to 2007. Up to 2 yr of age, captive lynx were consistently heavier than free-ranging lynx. Body mass of adult free-ranging lynx was similar to body mass of captive adult lynx. Some differences in blood chemistry between free-ranging and captive lynx were statistically significant, but most measured values were within reference ranges for domestic cats. Free-ranging lynx had higher concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and blood urea nitrogen than did captive lynx, and these were outside the reference value ranges for domestic cats. Alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus were higher in juveniles (<12 mo when captured) as compared to adults. Free-ranging lynx maintained body mass between serial captures. Hematologic values, blood chemistry values, and body mass of free-ranging Canada lynx provide support for the hypothesis that Canada lynx in Minnesota, at the southern edge of their range, are in normal physical condition.
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PMID:Hematology, serum chemistry, and body mass of free-ranging and captive Canada lynx in Minnesota. 2009 14


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