Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The serum concentration of bilirubin and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT, GOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, GPT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), total amylase and pancreatic isoamylase have been determined in serum of 182 male chronic alcoholics. Twelve per cent had abnormally high levels of bilirubin, 73% increased activity of S-ASAT, 50% increased S-ALAT, and 69% increased S-GT. The highest values were often found after 5-20 years of well documented alcoholism. Some patients with alcoholism of more than 20 years' duration displayed a slight tendency towards normalization of the activities. For all parameters the scatter around the mean was greater in the patients than in the controls. Patients who had had attacks of delirium showed slightly higher S-ASAT and S-ALAT than other alcoholics. Determination of S-ALAT and S-bilirubin did not add to the cases with abnormal laboratory tests demonstrated by the combination of S-ASAT and S-GT. In 14 patients the above mentioned parameters were within normal limits, even though severe alcoholism had lasted for many years. Isoamylase determination disclosed 20% to have decreased activity of pancreatic isoamylases in serum, whereas only 6% had low total serum amylase activity.
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PMID:Amylase, hepatic enzymes and bilirubin in serum of chronic alcoholics. 1 9

1. Liver and serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) activities were measured in a hibernating desert lizard, Uromastix hardwickii. The levels of both enzymes were found to be lower in hibernation than during the active period, particularly in the liver. 2. After intramuscular injection of 2 mg of cortisone acetate there was a rapid rise in the levels of these enzymes with a peak of 18 hours (GOT) and 12 hours (GPT). 3. The response of both enzymes to cortisone was much greater during the active period than during hibernation. 4. GOT showed a much more rapid and greater response to cortisone than GPT. This is in contrast to the response of rat liver where GPT is more responsive to this hormone. 5. These studies indicate that the transferase enzymes of this lizard differ from those of the rat in their sensitivity and time of response to cortisone.
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PMID:Effect of cortisone on aspartate and alanine aminotransferases in a desert lizard. 14 52

Studies on aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and L-alanine aminotransferase (GPT) of Paramphistomum explanatum have shown that GPT activity has more than twice the activity of GOT. The effect os some--SH reagents like cadmium, mercury, silver and iodoacetamide revealed that both enzymes were inhibited except that GOT was insensitive to cadmium ions. GPT was found to be much more sensitive to--SH reagents than GOT. There was unusual reaction to the two thiols used, cysteine and mercaptoethanol. Cysteine inhibited both the enzymes and mercaptoethanol activated GPT and inhibited GOT. Thiols in combination with iodoacetamide showed that the strong inhibitory effect of cysteine on both enzymes was reduced by iodoacetamide, but with mercaptoethanol the inhibitory effect on GOT was greater than when either of them was used alone, while GPT the effect of either counteracted each other. EDTA activated both enzymes and partially protected mercury inhibition of both enzymes and silver inhibition GOT only. It provided no protection against silver inhibition of GPT but complete protection of GPT against total inhibition by cadmium ions.
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PMID:Effect of some--SH and other reagents on aspartate aminotransferase and L-alanine aminotransferase of Paramphistomum explanatum Fischoeder, 1901. 41 89

Myoglobin and the enzymatic activity of creatine phosphokinase CK), MB-isoenzyme of CK (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were serially determined in 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Additionally the same parameters were assessed in 5 patients with angina pectoris for 24 hours after bicycle ergometry. 10 in-patients served as controls. Myoglobin was determined by radioimmunoassay and the other enzyme activities according to the current kinetic methods. Comparison of myoglobin with the enzymatic parameters showed that the myoglobin peak occurs 5.6 hours after the beginning of the sampling period, i.e. 7.3 hours earlier than CK and CK-MB and 11.6 hours earlier than GOT. In analogy to this finding the descending limb of the myoglobin curve was significantly earlier at a level of one third of the peak value, i.e. 8.2 hours earlier than CK-MB, 18.8 hours earlier than CK and 27.3 hours earlier than GOT. No signs of myocardial necrosis in terms of myoglobin or enzymatic activity could be detected after bicycle ergometry. It is concluded that myoglobin is a more sensitive parameter for assessment of the acute phase in patients with myocardial infarction than the usualy enzymatic parameters.
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PMID:[Plasma myoglobin level as a course criterium in patients with acute myocardial infarct]. 53 58

In rats, shortly after ligation of superior mesenteric artery serum enzyme activities are found significantly altered. Those changes concern aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), lipase, alpha amylase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase as well as glutamate dehydrogenase. The causes are discussed. The authors emphasize that the assessment of serum enzymes possibly gives some help in diagnosing acute intestinal ischemias in early stages.
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PMID:[Behavior of various serum enzymes following ligation of the superior mesenteric artery in the rat (preliminary report)]. 60 23

1. Adult rats were subjected to a brief period of diethyl ether anaesthesia and were given diets with 200 or 100 g casein/kg with or without arginine plus glycine supplementation in the post-anaesthesia period. Nitrogen retention was measured as well as liver protein content and liver and muscle transaminase activities (L-aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), (EC 2.6.1.1), and L-alanine aminotransferase (GPT)(EC 2.6.1.2). 2. Results demonstrated that anaesthesia-stressed rats consuming the high-protein diet with supplemental arginine and glycine retained twice as much N as did rats given the diet with 200 g casein/kg alone, for the first 5 d post-anaesthesia. 3. Anaesthesia-stressed animals consuming the diets with 100 g casein/kg with or without arginine plus glycine supplementation did not differ from each other in N retention. 4. Liver protein content increased after anaesthesia in rats given the high-protein diets; liver transaminase activity increased, whereas muscle transaminase activity decreased, in animals consuming the high protein diets. 5. Possible mechanisms to account for these results are discussed.
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PMID:Nitrogen retention in rats fed on diets enriched with arginine and glycine. 2. Effect of diethyl ether anaesthesia on N retention. 85 75

The effect of X-irradiation on the alanine- and aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver, kidney and spleen of mouse. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1975, 26 (1): 95-101. The alanine- and aspartate aminotransferase (GOT and GPT) activities and the protein content were measured in the liver, kidney and spleen homogenates of mice exposed to a single whole body X-irradiation with a 900 r dose. The assays were performed in 6 h intervals during the first day and 24 h intervals from the 2nd until the 6th day after the exposure. Significant differences in the enzymatic activity were found in the course of 24 h in control animals and a marked increase of this activity was found after irradiation. This may be explained by changes in the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane for enzyme molecules.
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PMID:The effect of X-irradiation on the alanine--and aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver, kidney and spleen of mouse. 113 Feb 24

The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (alkP), creatine kinase (CPK), and ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) were determined in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, lung, spleen, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, thymus, and red cells of 56 bovine fetuses varying in gestational age from 115 to 255 days. The tissue aminotransferase activities were the most variable with gestational age. The GPT activity of liver, kidney, spleen, and red cells and the GOT activity of red cells decreased with fetal age. The GPT activity of heart, brain, and skeletal muscle and the GOT activity of adrenal, brain, and skeletal muscle increased with fetal age. Increasing activities were also described for adrenal and brain alkP and for brain and skeletal muscle CPK. In contrast, the OCT activities were fairly constant for each tissue as a function of gestational age.
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PMID:Developmental changes of tissue enzyme patterns in the bovine fetus with gestational age. 116 76

The Cu concentration was about 40 and 60 times higher in the liver in Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like coat color (LEC) rats aged 80 days (without hepatitis) and 130 days (with hepatitis), respectively than in the liver in Fischer rats. Most hepatic Cu was recovered in the cytosol fraction. Furthermore, about 96% and 84% of the cytosolic Cu was found in the metallothionein region on a Sephadex G-75 column in LEC rats aged 80 and 130 days, respectively. The hepatic metallothionein concentration was about 130 to 140 times higher in LEC rats than in Fischer rats when the concentration was expressed as metallothionein-bound Cu. Three forms of Cu-metallothionein were isolated by DEAE-cartridge. Although the concentration of hepatic Cu-metallothionein and its composition of polymorphic form were not changed greatly in hepatitis phase (in the 130-day-old LEC rats), activities of serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) were increased significantly. The LEC rat showed a significantly low concentration of biliary Cu and markedly low activity of ceruloplasmin (as ferroxidase). Serum Cu showed a low concentration in the 80-day-old LEC rats, but recovered to the control level in the 130-day-old LEC rats. The abnormal accumulation of Cu may be due to the inherent reduction of excretion of Cu into the bile and blood. Such deposition may be a trigger for the onset of the spontaneous hepatitis occurring at 90-120 days after birth and for the onset of hepatoma later.
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PMID:Excessive accumulation of hepatic copper in LEC rats aged 80 days without hepatitis and 130 days with hepatitis. 144 42

A sublethal dose of Karate administered to rabbits produced a significant increase in the total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume after 15 days of administration, though no significant change was observed after 30 days. The transaminases (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, GOT; glutamate pyruvate transaminase, GPT) also increased after 15 days of treatment. The GPT activity increased 119% and 60% after 15 and 30 days, respectively. From amongst metabolites, glucose content increased 17% and 185%, while cholesterol decreased 40% and 66%, and bilirubin 84% and 61%, after 15 and 30 days, respectively. The hepatic AkP activity decreased 30%, while the GPT activity increased 44%. Other enzymes such as AcP, GOT and LDH remained unaffected. The concentration of other metabolites, except for FAA which increased 35%, remained unaffected. Histological changes were marked by atrophied hepatic cells and hypertrophied nuclei and nucleoli. A trend towards necrosis of hepatic cells was also observed. All these results indicate that Karate is moderately toxic to mammals.
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PMID:Effect of prolonged administration of insecticide (Cyhalothrin/Karate) on the blood and liver of rabbits. 145 40


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