Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Cu concentration was about 40 and 60 times higher in the liver in Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like coat color (LEC) rats aged 80 days (without hepatitis) and 130 days (with hepatitis), respectively than in the liver in Fischer rats. Most hepatic Cu was recovered in the cytosol fraction. Furthermore, about 96% and 84% of the cytosolic Cu was found in the metallothionein region on a Sephadex G-75 column in LEC rats aged 80 and 130 days, respectively. The hepatic metallothionein concentration was about 130 to 140 times higher in LEC rats than in Fischer rats when the concentration was expressed as metallothionein-bound Cu. Three forms of Cu-metallothionein were isolated by DEAE-cartridge. Although the concentration of hepatic Cu-metallothionein and its composition of polymorphic form were not changed greatly in hepatitis phase (in the 130-day-old LEC rats), activities of serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) were increased significantly. The LEC rat showed a significantly low concentration of biliary Cu and markedly low activity of ceruloplasmin (as ferroxidase). Serum Cu showed a low concentration in the 80-day-old LEC rats, but recovered to the control level in the 130-day-old LEC rats. The abnormal accumulation of Cu may be due to the inherent reduction of excretion of Cu into the bile and blood. Such deposition may be a trigger for the onset of the spontaneous hepatitis occurring at 90-120 days after birth and for the onset of hepatoma later.
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PMID:Excessive accumulation of hepatic copper in LEC rats aged 80 days without hepatitis and 130 days with hepatitis. 144 42

These studies were designed to determine if macular mutant mouse, which is a proposed animal model of Menkes' kinky-hair disease, is sensitive to the acute toxic effect of Cu as compared to normal and heterozygote mice. Single sc injection of Cu were administered to 6- to 8-day-old mice, and mortalities were recorded for 30 days. The copper treatment at high doses (12 to 25 mg Cu/kg) was very toxic to mutant mice as compared to normal mice, and almost all mutant mice died within 10 days after injection. The effect of Cu toxicity on heterozygote mice was intermediate. The LD50 values 3 days after injection of Cu were 29.5 mg Cu/kg for normal mice, 23.5 mg Cu/kg for heterozygote mice, and 15.5 mg Cu/kg for mutant mice. In Cu-injected mutant mice (11 and 18 mg Cu/kg), significant elevations in serum aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activity occurred as compared to Cu-injected normal and heterozygote mice. However, no significant elevations in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen contents in Cu-injected mutant were observed as compared to normal and heterozygote mouse. No significant differences in hepatic metallothionein(MT) and MT-1 mRNA, and serum ceruloplasmin oxidase activity levels were observed between Cu-injected normal and mutant mouse. These results indicated that macular mutant mice was sensitive to the acute toxic or hepatotoxic effects of Cu as compared to normal and heterozygote mice.
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PMID:Copper-induced toxicity in macular mutant mouse: an animal model for Menkes' kinky-hair disease. 187 75

Establishing a diagnosis of fulminant Wilson's disease can be difficult because Kayser-Fleischer rings may not be present and parameters of copper metabolism, including serum and urinary copper, and serum ceruloplasmin levels are neither specific nor diagnostic. In this study, ratios of both the serum alkaline phosphatase to total bilirubin and aspartate transaminase to alanine transaminase were constructed to evaluate their usefulness in differentiating fulminant hepatic failure caused by Wilson's disease (n = 6) from other etiologies (n = 43). An analysis of the data showed that cutoff values of less than 2.0 for the alkaline phosphatase-total bilirubin ratio and greater than 4.0 for the aspartate transaminase ratio were associated with a diagnosis of fulminant hepatic failure caused by Wilson's disease only (P less than 0.001). The alkaline phosphatase-total bilirubin ratio of less than 2.0 provided 100% sensitivity and specificity in identifying fulminant hepatic failure caused by Wilson's disease from other types of fulminant hepatic failure.
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PMID:Clinical differentiation of fulminant Wilsonian hepatitis from other causes of hepatic failure. 200 14

It is shown that the dynamics of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in patients with purulent meningitis is unspecified in character and is encountered both in meningococcal and pneumococcal infection. The level of secondary LPO products and the degree of hyperfermentemia, which are determined according to the dynamics of changes in the activity of aspartate transaminase, are objective characteristics of the severity of the patient's condition and reach maximum on the 5th day of the disease. The correlation between the dynamics of the primary LPO products and the ceruloplasmin/transferin coefficient allows the severity of the disease to be prognosticated.
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PMID:[Lipid peroxidation in the blood of patients with suppurative meningitis]. 208 85

The study was carried out on 23 samples of amniotic fluid taken (by amniocentesis) between 35th and 39th week from pregnant women with arterial hypertension (13 cases of hypertension induced by pregnancy, 5 cases of primary hypertension and 5 cases of hypertension accompanying renal diseases). Seven women undergoing the study gave birth to newborns with symptoms of delayed intrauterine growth below 16 centiles (group examined), 16 mothers gave birth to eutrophic babies (control group). The amniotic fluid of the two groups was studied for the following biochemical indexes: alanine and aspartate aminotransferase alkaline total and thermostabile phosphatase, ceruloplasmin, alpha-amylase, general protein, beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, uric acid, urea and creatinine. No significant changes were found in the parameters determined between the group examined and the control group.
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PMID:[Biochemical studies of the amniotic fluid in arterial hypertension in relation to intrauterine growth retardation. I. Parameters of the proteins, lipids, enzymes and renal maturity]. 263 82

One hundred and five infants of birth weight 2000 g or less who received peripherally administered parenteral nutrition for periods of three or more weeks, were randomly assigned to groups receiving different amounts of zinc and copper supplement. The blood concentrations of zinc, copper, retinol-binding protein, prealbumin, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase were followed weekly. Mean serum zinc, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin declined significantly over time while alkaline phosphatase rose. Only the group receiving the highest zinc supplement maintained a mean serum zinc concentration within the normal range at seven weeks. No difference in the protein or enzyme concentrations was found between the different zinc supplement groups. No difference was seen in serum copper or ceruloplasmin between copper dose groups although one intravenous supplement was double that of the other.
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PMID:Serial changes in selected serum constituents in low birth weight infants on peripheral parenteral nutrition with different zinc and copper supplements. 392 51

This study describes the carioprotective effect of ceruloplasmin (CAS 9031-37-2) against oxygen free radical injury, as indicated by several biochemical indicators and some cardiodynamic variables. Isolated rat hearts (n = 4-8, p < 0.05, for each experimental point) in Langendorff preparation were exposed to oxygen free radicals generated by electrolysis (10 mA) in the absence and the presence of 0.25 mumol/l purified ceruloplasmin and denaturated ceruloplasmin, in Krebs-Henseleit perfusion solutions. Biochemical indicators (noradrenaline, malondialdehyde, creatine-kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, Ca2+ and Mg2+) as well as the electrocardiogram and the left ventricular pressure (LVP), were altered by oxygen free radicals formation, denoting major cellular and tissular damages in the nontreated hearts. Ceruloplasmin exhibited a cardioprotective effect and prevented the oxygen free radical-induced release of noradrenaline, indicating that it can also protect the sympathetic nerve endings from oxygen free-radical injury. Purified ceruloplasmin, a circulating extracellular antioxidant and oxygen free radical scavenger, seems to be an effective heart protective agent against myocardial and neuronal injuries generated by oxygen free radicals.
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PMID:Protection of myocardial tissue against deleterious effects of oxygen free radicals by ceruloplasmin. 777 45

Oxygen free radicals have been implicated in exercise-induced cell and tissue injury, indicating an oxidative stress. Fatigue accompanied by a number of physiological and metabolic changes is in indication of overtraining. This study aimed to examine the influence of a continuous 24-h intermittent speed driving (1 h driving/1 h stop), on the response of hormones, antioxidative factors, lipid, and enzyme levels. Seven race car drivers of national level were examined before, during, and immediately after the trial of speed driving on a test designed to check endurance to stress. The parameters measured were: testosterone (Tes), cortisol (Cor), IgM, IgA, cholesterol, HDL, billirubin, ceruloplasmin, urea, uric acid, creatine kinase, and transaminases. Stress hormone Cor declined significantly (p < 0.05), while Tes did not change significantly. Fatigue enzyme, aspartate transaminase (GOT) increased significantly (p < 0.05), while alanine transaminase (GPT) did not change and urea declined. Muscle enzyme, creatine kinase (CK) increased to sixfold (p < 0.01). IgA, IgM and lipids did not change. The primary antioxidant ceruloplasmin increased significantly (p < 0.001), while antioxidants uric acid and glucose remained unchanged. Among the factors measured, ceruloplasmin, cortisol, urea, GOT, and CK seem to give a picture of the organism's alertness and defence capabilities in conditions of stress and fatigue.
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PMID:Stress hormonal factors, fatigue, and antioxidant responses to prolonged speed driving. 967 60

A candidate gene (ATP7B) for Wilson's disease, an autosomal recessive disorder of copper transport, has recently been identified. We examined the ATP7B gene in two Japanese sisters with Wilson's disease presenting with fulminant hepatic failure but who did not exhibit Kayser-Fleischer rings or abnormal neurological findings. Genomic DNA was isolated from the whole blood of the patients and their family. Entire exons of ATP7B, and their associated splice junctions, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The sequencing of all exons was performed by a non-radioactive sequencing method. The sequencing of exon 12 of ATP7B revealed a 9-bp deletion. The mutation deleted 922Gly, 923Tyr, and 924Phe, and three residues conserved in the Menkes gene, ATP7A, located in the fifth transmembrane region. Of the 14 family members tested, 7 were normal and 7 were heterozygous for the deletion. Mean serum copper and cerulopasmin levels were significantly lower in the family members who were heterozygous for the deletion than in the normal family members, and two heterozygous family members showed abnormally low ceruloplasmin levels; however, there were no differences in mean aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase levels between the two groups.
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PMID:A new variant deletion of a copper-transporting P-type ATPase gene found in patients with Wilson's disease presenting with fulminant hepatic failure. 1077 57

Tamoxifen is widely used as an adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. To correctly interpret laboratory test results during tamoxifen treatment, clinicians should be aware of the possible effects of the drug on laboratory tests. This study investigated the effects on serum hormones, proteins, lipids and common biochemistry in seven postmenopausal women with breast cancer during 3 months after initiating the therapy. Statistically significant decreases occurred in serum gonadotropins, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, total protein, prealbumin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, immunoglobin M and total cholesterol whilst significant increases occurred in serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), cortisol, parathyroid hormone, aspartate aminotransferase, urate, alpha-1-antitrypsin and ceruloplasmin. The alterations could result from tamoxifen therapy, radiation or changes in lifestyle. All the changes, apart from serum urate, remained within the reference limits. In addition, only serum gonadotropins, SHBG, urate and cholesterol showed clinically significant changes. Alterations in the other laboratory tests are unlikely to disturb diagnoses based on laboratory test results during tamoxifen therapy.
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PMID:Early effects of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy on serum hormones, proteins and lipids. 1081 Apr 43


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