Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of myocardial reperfusion have been examined following a 1 h coronary occlusion and compared to a permanent coronary ligation in pigs. Haemodynamic investigations were carried out throughout the surgical intervention and repeated after 7 days. Cellular injury was estimated by serial serum enzyme determinations (creatin phosphokinase, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase) during the first 5 postoperative days; infarct size was assessed morphometrically by a histochemical staining procedure 1 week after the temporary or permanent coronary occlusion. A linear correlation was found between the logarithmically plotted peak serum activity of AST, HBDH, CPK and the morphometrically determined infarct size. Based upon enzyme and morphometrical studies no significant difference could be detected between the two experimental groups. In the animals subjected to transient coronary occlusion, however, the development of a ventricular aneurysm had been prevented to early and sustained reperfusion. Early re-establishment of coronary circulation appears to accelerate the proliferation of a more resistant granulation tissue into the infarcted area. Cardiac performance was not improved by myocardial reperfusion.
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PMID:Consequences of myocardial reperfusion following temporary coronary occlusion in pigs; effects on morphologic, biochemical and haemodynamic findings. 41 74

Rhabdomyolysis, secondary to exertion is known to result in myoglobinuria and is occasionally associated with acute renal failure. In this study myoglobinaemia occurred in 25 of 44 runners completing a 99 km marathon. A marked rise in the values of myoglobin, lactate and the enzymes creatine kinase (CPK), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was noted. A linear correlation was demonstrated between the level of serum myoglobin and the serum concentrations of urate, CPK, AST and LDH. Both the myoglobin itself and the increased concentration of urate may contribute to the acute renal failure. The pathophysiology of rhabdomyolysis during exertion is discussed in the context of other causes of myoglobinuria. A classification of rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria is suggested.
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PMID:Myoglobinuria, rhabdomyolysis and marathon running. 75 Oct 88

The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (alkP), creatine kinase (CPK), and ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) were determined in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, lung, spleen, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, thymus, and red cells of 56 bovine fetuses varying in gestational age from 115 to 255 days. The tissue aminotransferase activities were the most variable with gestational age. The GPT activity of liver, kidney, spleen, and red cells and the GOT activity of red cells decreased with fetal age. The GPT activity of heart, brain, and skeletal muscle and the GOT activity of adrenal, brain, and skeletal muscle increased with fetal age. Increasing activities were also described for adrenal and brain alkP and for brain and skeletal muscle CPK. In contrast, the OCT activities were fairly constant for each tissue as a function of gestational age.
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PMID:Developmental changes of tissue enzyme patterns in the bovine fetus with gestational age. 116 76

Clinical and biochemical responses were studied after taking the measures to prevent nutrition muscular dystrophy in young cattle in the given ecological conditions. Analyzing the biological material (blood, hair, feed, soil), we found the sufficiently high saturation of heifer organisms with the microelement selenium and on the contrary, vitamin E deficiency. Sensitive indicators of the break-down of muscular tissue were the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and mainly creatinine kinase (CPK): the activities of these enzymes increased significantly after the heifers had been driven to pasture. The stay of animals in the run to get them used to the physical load before going to the pasture was not found to be a sufficient measure to prevent muscular nutrition myodystrophy if the animals had not been administered vitamin E and selenium supplements. Of the one hundred heifers we examined, seven animals began to show the signs of nutrition muscular dystrophy; none of these animals had been administered vitamin E and selenium supplements.
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PMID:[Clinical and biochemical response in the prevention of nutritional myodystrophy in heifers]. 310 11

In the cerebrospinal fluid and serum the activity was determined of phosphocreatine kinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AspAT) and alanine transaminase (AlAT) in 107 cases of multiple sclerosis. The results were compared with those in a control group of neurosis and a highly significant (three times) increase was observed in the activity of CPK and LDH in the cerebrospinal fluid as a result of organic damage to the brain tissue. By chromatographic method direct data were obtained indicating that increased CPK activity in the cerebrospinal fluid was connected with the CK-BB isoenzyme, that is with the cerebral fraction of the enzyme.
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PMID:[Studies of alanine and aspartate transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase and phosphocreatine kinase levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum in multiple sclerosis]. 322 55

The clinical significance of serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) isozymes was studied in 18 patients with polymyositis. Abnormally high levels of mitochondrial GOT (mGOT) (6.2 +/- 1.2 IU/L, mean +/- SEM; normal, less than 2.0 IU/L) and cytosol GOT (sGOT) (95 +/- 21.6 IU/L; normal, less than 25 IU/L) were observed in sera. In polymyositic muscles, the sGOT level was significantly decreased but mGOT was not. The levels of serum sGOT and mGOT and the ratio of mGOT/tGOT before corticosteroid therapy correlated well with the severity of muscle weakness. Serial determination of CPK, sGOT, and mGOT during corticosteroid therapy revealed that mGOT most rapidly returned to normal. Exercise did not increase serum mGOT in polymyositis.
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PMID:Serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in patients with polymyositis. 683 Jan 52

Glutathion (GSH) plays an important role in maintenance of the redox state of the myocardium and acts as the membrane stabilizer. Seventeen patients who underwent cardiac surgery were subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and ischemic cardioplegia. The effect of GSH on ischemic myocardium was evaluated by serum lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase), isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase (MB-CPK) and aspartate aminotransferase (m-GOT). standard CPB was instituted and systemic hypothermia was employed. GSH was administered to 8 patients in a dose of 200 mg/kg i.v. prior to institution of CPB. Mixed venous blood was sampled before administration of GSH, 10 min after institution of CPB and 0, 1, 6, 24 and 48 hr of reperfusion period following cardioplegia. Activity of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were significantly suppressed in the GSH-treated group compared to the non-treated group at 24 hours of reperfusion and immediately after aortic unclamping, respectively. Serum MB-CPK levels remained stable during reperfusion, but in the non-treated group, the level increased significantly at 6 hours of reperfusion. Increment of serum m-GOT levels was significantly suppressed at 1, 6 and 24 hours of reperfusion, compared to the non-treated group. These data suggest that pretreatment of GSH can protect the myocardium subjected to CPB from ischemic insult.
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PMID:Effect of glutathion pretreatment on hypothermic ischemic cardioplegia. 710 61

Biological assays were adopted in this study to examine the changes in serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF) activity and blood monocytic in vitro production of interleukin 1 (IL-1) in 24 severely burned patients. The myocardial and hepatic enzymes (which included aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH) and alanine amino-transferase (ALT) and some indices of biochemical metabolism (including lactic acid (LA), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb) and colloid osmotic pressure (COP)) were simultaneously measured. The results showed an evident increase in serum TNF activity and a decrease in in vitro production of IL-1 postburn; all the changes in TNF and IL-1 were correlated significantly with those of myocardial and hepatic enzymes in MOF patients. Furthermore, there were marked fever, hypoproteinaemia, tissue ischaemic and hypoxic symptoms such as hyperlacticaemia, and signs reflecting tissue hypercatabolic states. These all suggested that TNF and IL-1 might play important roles in the development of MOF.
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PMID:A preliminary exploration of the relationship between tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and monocytic in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and internal organ dysfunction in severely burned patients. 771 14

The results of an external quality assessment scheme (EQAS), carried out in the Latium region between October 1987 and December 1988, are reported. Ninety-four laboratories, both public and private, took part in the scheme. Aim of the scheme was to estimate the reliability of the clinical chemistry services in this region. The participating laboratories received eight control samples for EQA, every two months. The analytes to be determined in each sample were: glucose (GLU), urea (UR), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA), creatinine (CR), bilirubin (BIL), cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TRI), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CPK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Global laboratory performances were evaluated in terms of interlaboratory precision, accuracy--as deviation per cent from the target values and coefficient of variation (CV)--and percentage of results within pre-set acceptability limits. The deviations were reasonably low, whereas the CVs were rather high. The percentage of acceptable results was lower than 50% for the analytes urea, calcium, uric acid, creatine kinase and alkaline phosphatase. The performance of the examined laboratories was worse than those obtained in other regional and national EQAS, both in terms of CVs and percentage of acceptable results.
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PMID:Organization and results of a pilot scheme for external quality assessment in clinical chemistry carried out in the Latium region, Italy. 854 59

This study was undertaken to assess our experience with the first 50 patients who underwent CABG without cardiopulmonary bypass. In seven patients left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery (LIMA-LAD) grafting was performed through a short left anterior thoracotomy. In 43 other patients median sternotomy was used. Primary CABG was performed in 48 patients; there were two reoperations. Eleven patients had unstable angina. Three patients had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) equal to or lower than 25%. One patient had carcinoma of the right lung coexisting with unstable angina and underwent also right lower lobectomy. In each patient the clinical course, 12-lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography and the serum levels of creatine kinase (CPK), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) were assessed. The need for inotropic or intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) support and blood transfusion was also recorded. There were three deaths, all in the sternotomy group (6%). A patient with systemic lupus erythemetodes (SLE) died of postoperative MI due to graft thrombosis. Another patient who was found to have porcelain aorta and had LIMA-LAD grafting as a rescue procedure died of MI with low cardiac output. The third patient with unstable angina and ejection fraction of 30% developed postoperative MI with ventricular arrhythmia. One patient with LIMA-LAD graft in whom percutaneous translaminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) had been abandoned because of coronary spasm developed acute myocardial ischaemia 5 h postoperatively. He had a vein graft placed to LAD in cardiopulmonary bypass, his further course was uneventful. Six patients had IABP support. Nine patients needed inotropic support. Ten patients received blood transfusion. Twelve-lead ECG did not show acute ischaemia or MI, apart from the above described cases. Echocardiographic check showed improved IVS contractility in three patients and better apex motion in one case. In the other survivors the echocardiographic findings were the same as before the procedure. ALAT and AspAT serum levels were normal in all the survivors, and the CPK levels did not exceed 200 IU/ml. One patient from the mini-thoracotomy group had recurrent angina 2 months after the procedure. His left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft was occluded; we replaced it with a vein graft. All 47 survivors remain asymptomatic, with the mean follow-up time of 6 months. Coronary surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass seems a valuable alternative for high-risk patients.
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PMID:Coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass--initial experience of 50 cases. 981 90


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