Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in the blood serum protein and mineral composition, trypsin inhibitor content, alanine amino-transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alpha-glutamyl transpeptidase, creatine kinase, choline esterase activities, blood plasma trace element levels were examined in 112 patients with pyoinflammatory involvement of the soft tissues of the face and neck. The study was revealed reduced blood serum albumin concentration, elevated trypsin inhibitor levels and alpha-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase activities, decreased content of Mg and Zn and, in some patients, of choline esterase activity. Biochemical parameters gradually normalize, as the patients recover, their normalization depending on the therapeutic methods and detoxication treatment.
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PMID:[The dynamic biochemical indices of the blood in patients with suppurative-inflammatory processes of the soft tissues of the face and neck]. 225 91

During an ultra-long-distance race (1000 km in 20 days) the influence of running was examined on the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) with regard to their release from the liver cells or their induction. Furthermore the liver synthetic capacity was assayed by measuring the enzyme activity of cholinesterase and the concentration of serum albumin during the race. Of the 110 participants, 55 finished the race and only the results of these runners were used in our study. AP increased continuously from day 0 (mean = 102 U/L) to day 19 (mean = 120 U/L). A fivefold increase of AST and a twentyfold increase of CK up to day 3 was followed by a significant decrease towards the end of the race. ALT rose as well up to day 6 from a mean value of 8 U/L to 24 U/L but remained at this level. Surprising was the individual increase of the enzymes GLDH (up to twentyfold) and GGT (up to sixfold) in more than half of the finishers on various days indicating liver cell injuries. The activity of CHE and the concentration of serum albumin decreased during the race, both were significantly correlated.
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PMID:Ultra-long-distance running and the liver. 228 82

Selected serum constituents were analyzed from 50 adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) of both sexes during several stages of reproduction: pre-egg laying, egg laying, incubating, molting, and postreproductive. Similar assays were conducted on sera from ducklings aged 5 to 58 days. Values for total protein (TPR), albumin (ALB), glucose (GLU), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), calcium (CA), phosphorus (PHOS) and magnesium (MG) differed by sex. When all data were combined and analyzed for sex-related differences within each reproductive condition separately, all assays except lactate dehydrogenase (LD-L), cholinesterase (CHE), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CRN) and direct bilirubin (BIDI) differed between sexes during one or more reproductive periods. Each assay showed differences among the various reproductive conditions regardless of gender. The pattern of change differed between sexes. All assays except ALB, GLU, CA and MG showed age-related changes. Lipemia in the sample interfered with all chemistries except TPR, LD-L and CA. Results indicate that when using clinical chemistry as a diagnostic tool in the mallard, age and reproductive condition should be determined in order to compare the data to appropriate control values.
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PMID:Changes in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) serum chemistry due to age, sex, and reproductive condition. 230 2

Dichlorvos was applied as spray at 1 and 2% concentrations daily for a period of 28 and 21 consecutive days, respectively to buffalo calves. Animals sprayed with 1% dichlorvos displayed mild to moderate clinical signs of toxicosis during the 4th week of exposure. The higher concentration (2%) produced clinical signs of poisoning after 12-16 applications, and was lethal to one of three animals. Daily spraying of dichlorvos at both concentrations inactivated erythrocyte cholinesterase (ChE) (15-21%), plasma ChE (17-20%) and serum carboxylesterase (5-10%) within 3 days. The extent of inhibition of esterases was increased with repeated treatment and maximal inhibition of erythrocyte ChE (80-89%), plasma ChE (81-91%) and serum carboxylesterase (33-54%) with 1 and 2% concentrations was observed on the 28th and 21st day after start of application, respectively. In surviving animals, blood esterases remained inactivated to the extent of 14-65% on the 14th day after the termination of treatment. Dichlorvos at both concentrations significantly (P less than 0.01) elevated the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The activities of these enzymes in surviving animals recovered to control values within 14 days after the final application of dichlorvos.
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PMID:Effects of repeated topical application of dichlorvos on blood enzymes and its toxicity in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis). 236 59

Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the blood serum of women taking the oral contraceptive preparation Microgynon through extended periods were raised; the activity of cholinesterase was simultaneously reduced. In rats liver homogenates ethynylestradiol, one of the active components of Microgynon, acted as an inducer of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase while leaving aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase unaffected, but reduced the level of cholinesterase. Norgestrel, the other active component of the preparation, suppressed the biosynthesis of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase while leaving aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and cholinesterase levels unaffected. A mixture of ethynylestradiol plus norgestrel in the mass proportion occurring in Microgynon produced the same effects upon gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase as ethynylestradiol alone. Estradiol, the parent hormone of ethynylestradiol, lacked the inducing capability of the latter while ethynylpropargyl chloride induced gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase so it was concluded the inducing effect of ethynylestradiol must be ascribed to the ethynyl radical. Progesterone, the parent of norgestrel, shared the latter's suppressive activity for gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase biosynthesis, and behaved like its derivative towards the other enzymes.
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PMID:Changes of activities of some transferases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase in the blood of women using oral contraceptives and in vitro influence of these agents on tissular enzyme levels in rat liver. 260 59

The health status of broilers fed diets with varying protein contents in the presence of ochratoxin A (OA) were evaluated using clinical-chemistry techniques for blood analysis. A completely randomized, 3 x 4 factorial design was utilized: 14, 18, 22, and 26% of dietary protein and 0, 2, and 4 mg/kg of OA. The broilers were raised to 3 wk of age, at which time blood was collected and various hematological parameters were evaluated. The serum was analyzed for various enzyme activities and for concentrations of metabolites and minerals using an automated, clinical-chemistry analyzer and an atomic-absorption spectrophotometer. Adding OA to the diets of broilers decreased the hemoglobin concentration, corpuscular volume, and the activity of serum alkaline and phosphatase but increased the activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase. Adding protein to the diet increased the activity of the serum aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and alkaline phosphatase. Adding OA to the diet of broilers decreased the concentrations of serum total protein, as well as the concentrations of albumen and cholesterol and increased the concentrations of serum creatinine and uric acid. The concentrations of serum total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, and triglyceride were increased by adding protein to the diet. The concentrations of calcium, potassium, and inorganic phosphorus in the serum decreased when OA was added to the diet; but the concentrations of calcium and potassium content in the serum increased along with dietary protein. A regression analysis suggested that dietary protein was synergistic toward OA with regard to the blood levels of cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Ochratoxin A and dietary protein. 2. Effects on hematology and various clinical chemistry measurements. 262 21

Wofatox 50 EC (methylparathion 50%), Nevifosz 50 EC (phosmethylan 50%), Kolfugo 25 FW (carbendazim 25%) and Dikamin D (2,4-D 40%) pesticide formulations were used as test material. The incubated chicken eggs were directly exposed to the applied pesticides with injection into the air cell. Blood samples were obtained and some plasma parameters including packed cell volume (PCV), total protein, glucose, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and plasma pseudocholinesterase (PChE) activities were evaluated. Although the mortality rate obtained for the treated and control groups did not differ, there were significant changes in plasma biochemistry in relation to pesticide treatment. The present paper attempts to help those undertaking embryological and teratological studies on avian embryos exposed to pesticides including studies on changes occurring in certain plasma parameters.
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PMID:Changes in blood plasma biochemistry of chicken embryos exposed to various pesticide formulations. 262

Cutaneous LD50 of N,N-diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA), a new multi insect repellent was 2200, 3200 and 7100 mg/kg body weight in female mice, rats and guinea pigs; and 1600 and 4000 mg/kg in male mice and rats indicating a high degree of safety on skin contact. Dermal application of DEPA to young growing rats for 21 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg did not exert any adverse effects while massive doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg caused marked reduction of body weight gain and lowering of activities of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and cholinesterase. Along with DEPA, N-ethylphenylacetamide, phenylacetamide and phenylacetic acid were detected in the urine of DEPA treated mice, rats and guinea pigs.
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PMID:Toxicity and metabolism of a new insect repellent N,N-diethylphenylacetamide in mice, rats and guinea pigs on cutaneous application. 281 93

The average biological intra-individual CV in 20 patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), estimated for 14 analytes during a stationary phase, significantly exceeded that for a normal group in the cases of Na+, K+, Cl-, total protein, albumin, cholinesterase, hemoglobin, and alpha-amylase; it did not differ significantly from the normal group for cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminopeptidase; and it was significantly lower than in the normal group for alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. There were no significant sex-related differences in mean intra-individual variation in CLD patients. Individual values were gaussian-distributed for all analytes, including enzymes. The estimated biological component of intra-individual variation and the analytical variation as determined for each laboratory can be used to derive decision-making criteria in monitoring CLD.
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PMID:Intra-individual variation of analytes in serum from patients with chronic liver diseases. 288 11

Changes of enzyme activity in the colostrum, milk, and serum samples of 14 mothers were followed. For the enzyme assay, the colostrum and the milk samples were diluted, 1:10 and 1:5, respectively. The activity of the following enzymes were measured: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT); aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT); alanine aminotransferase (ALAT); cholinesterase; alkaline, and acid phosphatase. Milk, LDH, ASAT, and ALAT activities did not change during the first four days of lactation, yet were significantly higher than the corresponding activities of serum. The activity of GGT and alkaline and acid phosphatase in milk showed a marked decrease by day 4 postpartum; however, the GGT stayed much higher than that of serum, while the activity of the other two enzymes decreased to the level of the serum. By contrast, as compared to the colostrum, the cholinesterase activity in the breast milk showed a significant increase.
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PMID:Comparative analysis of enzyme activity in human colostrum, milk, and serum. 339 Aug 99


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