Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We measured the activity of carnosinase, a prominent hepatic peptidase, in sera from 69 patients with liver disorders. Mean values (and SDs) for those with liver cirrhosis (17 cases) and hepatoma (seven cases) were 0.51 (0.28) and 0.68 (0.21) mumol/mL per hour, respectively--clearly less than for normal adults: 4.19 (0.95) mumol/mL per hour. Samples from 17 cases of chronic hepatitis also showed moderately decreased activity, 1.41 (0.97) mumol/mL per hour. In contrast, 14 cases of acute hepatitis generally showed values falling within the normal limits: 3.41 (1.97) mumol/mL per hour. Our results for carnosinase correlated with those for cholinesterase (r = 0.70) and with the concentration of albumin in serum (r = 0.59), but not with the activity of either creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, or alanine aminotransferase in serum. Carnosinase values differed more among groups of disorders than did the values for cholinesterase or albumin. Measurement of serum carnosinase activity may be of clinical value in assessing the severity of chronic liver-cell damage, but not in differentiating liver disease from nutritional, muscle, or endocrine disorders.
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PMID:Decreased activity of carnosinase in serum of patients with chronic liver disorders. 373 53

The effect of dichlorvos and metathion was studied as exerted on acetylcholinesterase activity in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. In dichlorvos, the highest enzyme activity inhibition was obtained after 30 minutes. A 50% inhibition of the enzyme activity was recorded at the dose of 1.22 mg per litre. As to metathion, the highest enzyme activity inhibition was obtained after 60 minutes. A 50% inhibition of the enzyme activity was recorded at the dose of 879.2 ng per litre. One hour after exposure to this dose, almost 75% inhibition of the activity of the enzyme was recorded. The determination of acetylcholinesterase activity increases the sensitivity of the bioassay for organophosphates with the use of the Tetrahymena pyriformis protozoan. Dichlorvos was studied for its action at supratoxic doses (50.0, 100.0 and 150.0 mg per litre) and it was found that lactate dehydrogenase activity was almost completely suppressed; the inhibition of alanine aminotransferase was pronounced. A weaker activity inhibition was recorded in aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline and acid phosphatase; the activity of alpha-amylase increased. No dependence on dosage was demonstrated.
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PMID:[The effect of dichlorvos and metathion on selected enzymes of the amoeba Tetrahymena pyriformis]. 392 68

Blood samples taken from domestic or wild ruminant animals typically require transportation to an analytical laboratory. Depending on circumstances, several hours or even a few days may pass between sampling and analysis. Several diagnostic plasma enzymes were measured in bovine blood samples immediately after sampling and after storage under a variety of conditions. Conditions studied included storing whole heparinized blood at 20 C for 6 hours, storage at 4 C for 3 and 5 days, and freezing freshly prepared plasma once and 4 times before analysis. For studies of erythrocyte enzymes, fresh erythrocytes were compared with erythrocytes frozen once, frozen 4 times, and prepared from whole blood stored for one week at 4 C. None of these conditions deteriorated erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. The serum pseudoacetylcholinesterase and lactate dehydrogenase were not affected by any storage condition used. By contrast, acid phosphatase was significantly decreased by all storage conditions used. Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were stable under some of the storage conditions tested.
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PMID:Storage stability of some bovine plasma enzymes. 392 97

Clinically normal Nubian goats were given the antiprotozoal drug imidocarb at single intramuscular doses of 6, 12, 18 and 24 mg/kg, and the various clinical, biochemical and pathological manifestations were recorded. At a dose of 6 mg/kg the drug produced no change in any of the parameters studied. At higher doses, the drug produced dose dependent changes which included increased heart and respiratory rates, increased defaecation, urination, depression, incoordination of movement, weakness of the hindlegs, recumbency, and finally death. Just prior to death, there was a significant decrease in the number of erythrocytes, and in packed cell volume, and haemoglobin concentration. In plasma there was an increase in the activity of aspartate transaminase, urea and creatinine concentrations and inhibition of cholinesterase activity. The main histopathological changes were associated with hepatic and renal damage. Three goats were pre-treated with atropine sulphate (1 mg/animal) and after one hour given imidocarb intramuscularly at a dose of 12 mg/kg. The changes were similar but much less severe when compared with those in animals given imidocarb alone at the same dose.
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PMID:Some effects of imidocarb in goats. 408 55

Combined enzymodiagnostic program--estimation of total activity of blood serum enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AAT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), acetyl cholinesterase (ACE), butyryl cholinesterase (BCE)--was studied to evaluate its diagnostic validity in surgical clinic. In mechanical jaundice of various origin mean values of the enzymatic activities studied as well as the enzymatic coefficients were distinctly altered as compared with control values: AST/AAT, gamma-GT/AST as well as the newer coefficients BCE/ACE, AP/gamma-GT, (formula; see text). The jaundices of tumoral and non-tumoral genesis caused markedly dissimilar alterations in the coefficients AST/AAT and (formula; see text). The data of enzymological analysis may be used for differential diagnosis in jaundices.
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PMID:[Enzyme diagnosis of mechanical jaundice]. 409 Mar 51

Oral application of lindane at a dose of 2 mg/100 g body weight of rat/day for 15 days produced alterations in the activities of several enzymes viz, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase and inorganic pyrophosphatase in different organs and serum. Histological changes in liver and kidney tissues and changes in whole liver and liver plasma membrane lipids were also noted by chronic administration of lindane. Partial alleviation of the toxic symptoms with respect to some of these parameters were noted by high dose administration of L-ascorbic acid.
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PMID:Effects of high dose application of lindane to rats and influence of L-ascorbic acid supplementation. 618 25

The intravenous injection of endotoxins isolated from Escherichia coli serogroups O111 and O78 (2 mg/kg) increased the activities of aspartate transaminase and lactate and sorbitol dehydrogenases in the plasma of six- to 11-week-old chickens during the next 24 h. These changes were compared with those produced by adrenocorticotrophic hormone and beta-methasone and were attributed to tissue damage involving the liver followed by increased enzyme synthesis which may have been induced partly by adrenocortical hormones. Further evidence of liver damage was provided by a fall in the activity of cholinesterase. The alkaline phosphatase activity gave no indication of cholestasis.
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PMID:The effect of Escherichia coli endotoxins and adrenocortical hormones on plasma enzyme activities in the domestic fowl. 624 63

Aiming at an improvement of the screening of toxic substances in biological materials and environment, the following biochemical indices were studied by means of the Tetrahymena pyriformis as a testing object: total protein, total lipids, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.27.), gamma-glutamyl transferase (E.C.2.3.2.2.), aspartate aminotransferase (E.C.2.6.1.1.), alanine aminotransferase (E.C.2.6.1.2.), acetyl cholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.7.), butyryl cholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.8.), alkaline phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.1.), acid phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.2.) and alpha-amylase (E.C.3.2.1.1.). The study was conducted in the period of the population growth in an experimental medium with the minimum content of nutrients within the 96 hours of cultivation. It has been derived from the results that most of the enzymes are at the top of their activity in the early logarithmic stage of growth, i. e. in the period immediately following the log stage of population growth when the cells are getting ready for intensive division and growth; another peak activity period is the logarithmic growth stage--alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase are an exception with the culmination of activity in the stationary stage of population growth.
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PMID:[Selected biochemical indicators in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis]. 644 37

Injectable progestogen, norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN, 200 mg/ml at 60 day intervals), was administered to 150 women for 2 years as their method of contraception. Blood levels of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, acetylcholinesterase (AChe), sialic acid were determined in all subjects to ascertain whether NET-EN therapy causes any adverse metabolic effect or damage to the functional status of the liver. NET-EN contraception did not alter the liver function enzymes but there is a significant increase (P0.001) in AChE activity after 2 years. Serum sialic acid level showed a transient increase up to 1 year, which however returned to control level later. The mechanism responsible for these changes and whether the rise in sialic acid and AChE activity are related to any pathological condition remain unclear at this stage.
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PMID:Studies on some enzymes and sialic acid during progestational contraceptive therapy. 646 44

The acute oral toxicity (LD50) of chlorfenvinphos (Chl) showed no significant difference between Wistar rats (males and females) aged 42 days kept for 30 days on 4.5% or 26%-protein diet, but a twofold difference appeared after 60 days on these diets (LD50 was lower in low-protein rats) showing that a longer period of protein deficiency more increases the susceptibility of rats to the lethal action of Chl. During acute poisoning produced by intragastric administration of single convulsive dose of Chl (30 mg/kg body weight) to rats kept for 30 days on low-protein or optimal-protein diet, changes were observed in the activity of some enzymes in the serum and brain. Protein deficient diet increased the Chl-produced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain; the augmented activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) and glucosephosphate isomerase (PHI) appeared only in the serum of low-protein rats--these changes were more marked in females. Other enzymatic alterations caused by Chl were similar independently of the diets and also more evident in females; for comparison the rats received also standard Murigran diet. Activity of the brain aromatic amino acids aminotransferases (AAA) showed a decreasing trend in Chl-poisoned rats, while in the liver the activity of these enzymes rose, but chiefly in the rats receiving previously the diet with 26% of protein or standard diet. In the rats surviving the acute Chl poisoning, with the evidently seen convulsions, the activity of nearly all enzymes was normal after 14 days.
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PMID:Relationship between dietary protein level and enzymatic changes in acute poisoning of rats with chlorfenvinphos. 651 1


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