Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ether extracts of Lythrum salicaria stems and flowers exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity in rats with glucose- and epinephrine-induced hyperglycemia when the animals were given oral doses equivalent to 10 g/kg of starting material. These extracts were also found to be active in alloxan- and streptozotocin-diabetic rats and alloxan-diabetic mice. While both stem and flower extracts reduced the elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity induced by streptozotocin in rats, only the stem extract reduced the elevated lactic dehydrogenase activity also seen. The flower extract clearly accentuated the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase induced by streptozotocin.
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PMID:Effects of Lythrum salicaria extracts on hyperglycemic rats and mice. 371 31

Excessive fat accumulation in the liver is a common metabolic disorder seen in humans and animals. Fatty liver was induced in the rat by feeding the animals with a sucrose rich diet containing 1% orotic acid for 2-3 weeks. In the sera from fatty liver rats there were significant changes in the level of alanine aminotransferase (+ 68.7%), malic dehydrogenase (+ 77.8%), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (- 53.4%) and total lipids (+ 26.6%). There were small to no changes in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase, aldolase, malic enzyme, 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin. In fatty liver, significant differences were seen in the levels of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (+ 235%), malic enzyme (+ 170%), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (+ 113%), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (+ 63%), aspartate aminotransferase (+ 35.6%), malic dehydrogenase (+ 38%), lactic dehydrogenase (+ 37%), and alanine aminotransferase (- 23%). Comparison of the non-fatty part with the fatty part of the fatty liver showed larger changes in the non-fatty part of the liver, suggesting that during the fattening process, there is an induction of enzymes in the liver reaching a peak prior to lipid accumulation, declining thereafter during liver fattening. The increase in NADPH-generating lipogenic enzymes suggests that accumulated fat in the liver is at least partially from de-novo increased synthesis in the liver.
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PMID:Biochemical changes in liver and blood during liver fattening in rats. 377 7

One hundred and thirteen patients with histologically confirmed oral lichen planus, from three stomatology clinics, were examined for evidence of liver disease. No patient had clinical evidence of liver disease. Nine patients (7.9%) had a raised serum concentration of a single enzyme; 6 patients had raised gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 2 had raised alkaline phosphatase, and 1 had raised aspartate transaminase levels. No patient had serum auto-antibodies suggestive of primary biliary cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis. Most patients presenting with oral lichen planus are unlikely to have liver disease.
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PMID:Lichen planus and liver disease: how strong is the association? 392 77

The effect of low grade chronic Fasciola hepatica infection on the concentration of plasma glutamate dehydrogenase (GD), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was investigated in sheep dosed daily with three (AL3), eight (AL8) or 14 (AL14) metacercariae over 22 weeks or given a single dose of 200 metacercariae. Significant increases in plasma GD activity first occurred after nine, 12 and 23 weeks and in gamma-GT activity after 12, 24 and 32 weeks for groups AL14, AL8 and AL3 respectively. Changes in AST activity were not as clearly related to dose level. In sheep with single infection, both GD and gamma-GT were capable of detecting liver damage resulting from the migration of 10 or more flukes. Plasma GD and gamma-GT activities are more sensitive indicators of liver cell damage in chronic subclinical fascioliasis than AST activity and gamma-GT may be more suitable as a diagnostic aid on account of its greater stability.
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PMID:Chronic subclinical ovine fascioliasis: plasma glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and their significance as diagnostic aids. 610 69

Correlations have been calculated between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total plasma cholesterol, albumin, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, urea, creatinine and uric acid for diphenylhydantoin (DPH) users and for subjects attending a multiphasic health screening centre. For women DPH users, high-density lipoprotein levels correlated significantly with gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase. These correlations were significantly different from those found for male DPH users and from subjects attending the health screening centre. In male DPH users, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol correlates negatively with urea and uric acid levels, a relationship which is found neither in women DPH users nor in the health screening centre population.
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PMID:The effects of diphenylhydantoin on the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and several biochemical assays. 610 46

The results of biochemical estimations in 116 patients with known gastrointestinal cancer but no clinically detectable metastatic hepatic disease have been analyzed statistically. The most sensitive and the most specific tests for the presence or absence of hepatic metastasis were measurements of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The predictive value for the absence of hepatic metastasis when the test results were normal was about 90% for alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and serum aspartate aminotransferase. The best predictive value for the presence of hepatic metastasis (80%) was given by abnormal results of combined estimations of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase, and of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and serum aspartate aminotransferase.
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PMID:Hepatic metastases in gastrointestinal cancer: diagnostic value of biochemical investigations. 611 4

Several clinical laboratory tests correlate with alcohol consumption, for example, the plasma activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the concentrations of triglycerides (TG) and uric acid (UA) and the erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The correlations of these test results with each other have been studied in a population of men attending a multiphasic health-screening centre. The patterns of correlation were of two types: those between the pairs of variables GGT/TG/UA, TG/AST, and TG/UA were all unchanged as the level of alcohol consumption increased; the pairs of variables GGT/MCV, UA/AST, AST/MCV, UA/MCV, and GGT/AST all became more highly correlated as the level of alcohol consumption increased.
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PMID:Effect of drinking on correlations between biochemical variables. 611 74

Because of the scarcity of data on the changes of serum enzymes during diabetic ketoacidosis, the authors have prospectively studied the alterations of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), and alanine aminotransferase (AIAT) in this metabolic disturbance. The most significant finding was the frequent increase of AP activity on admission, with a systematic fall of the serum levels within the first 24 hours (p less than 0.001). This phenomenon was negatively correlated with patients' age (p less than 0.05), and the same occurred with the bone isoenzyme of AP (p less than 0.01). The remaining enzymes studies were always normal, thus suggesting that any increase of the serum levels of GGTP, AsAT, and AIAT found in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis must arise the suspicion of an associated disturbance.
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PMID:[Serum enzyme alterations during diabetic ketoacidosis. Prospective study of the behaviour of AP, AsAT, AIAT, and GGPT in 24 cases (author's transl)]. 612 Feb 68

In hepatobiliary disease, the level of bile acids in the peripheral circulation is greatly increased due to impaired liver function. It has been suggested that serum bile acids are of greater value in confirming hepatobiliary dysfunction than the currently assayed conventional biochemical parameters. Fifty patients with confirmed liver disease were studied. Bile acid determinations and a battery of biochemical tests were performed on each patient. Although serum bile acid levels correlated well with liver disease, the combination of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or 5'nucleotidase with alkaline phosphatase in conjunction with alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes provided similar or better correlation. Also, the routinely assayed enzymes, such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase demonstrated excellent correlation with hepatobiliary dysfunction.
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PMID:A correlation of serum bile acid levels with conventional biochemical parameters in the assessment of hepatobiliary dysfunctions. 612 Jul 70

Sixteen clinically normal, healthy ponies were randomly assigned to 4 groups and given aflatoxin B1 in doses of 0.045, 0.030, 0.015, and 0 (control) mg/kg of body weight per day for 21 days (or total doses of 0.945, 0.630, 0.315, and 0 mg/kg). The animals were allowed to recover for 3 months and then were reassigned to 4 treatment groups such that each group during the 2nd trial included a pony from each of the groups of the 1st trial. The animals in the new groups were intubated and were given aflatoxin in doses of 0.4, 0.2, 0.1, and 0 (control) mg/kg/day for 5 days ( or total doses of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, and 0 mg/kg). Venous blood samples were drawn every other day to monitor for toxicosis; examinations were made for RBC and WBC counts, hemoglobin concentration, PCV, serum urea nitrogen, prothrombin time, and serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, iditol dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and arginase. There were no significant differences between treatment groups and controls (given no aflatoxin) in the toxicologic values examined for during the 1st trial. During the 2nd experiment, 2 of the ponies in the large-dose treatment gorup (2.0 mg/kg) demonstrated increased serum enzyme activities. These animals had been in the large-dose (0.945 mg/kg) and median-dose (0.63 mg/kg) groups during the 1st trial. Arginase, iditol dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities became increased on the 4th day of treatment and continued to increase until the 6th day of the experiment (1 day after treatment was terminated). These enzymes approached control group values at 10 days after cessation of treatment. These increases were indicative of hepatocellular toxicity. It was concluded that the possibility of equine aflatoxicosis exists although ponies given high quality rations appear to be less susceptible than some other species. Prior exposure to aflatoxins may predispose to clinical toxicity on subsequent exposure, despite lack of expression of clinical signs.
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PMID:Effects of aflatoxins in young ponies. 612 12


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