Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AsT) assays, as well as ultrasonography are the easiest and least expensive examinations to perform in the diagnosis of hepatic metastases. The 273 patients included in this series had cancer of the digestive tract. The diagnosis of presence or absence of liver metastases was made at surgery and was positive in 38 patients (14 per cent). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn after computing the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of each laboratory determination while the threshold indicating that the value was normal was incremented. The examinations were then compared in terms of Se, Sp, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. The threshold was determined on the ROC curve where less false-positive and more true-positive results were shown. According to predictive values, laboratory determinations could be classified in decreasing order of usefulness as: AP, LDH, GGT and AsT. Ultrasonography had a positive predictive value of 68 per cent a negative predictive value of 95 per cent, both figures being higher than those of any laboratory examination. These results suggest that ultrasonography has a higher diagnostic value than any of the enzyme assays in the detection of hepatic metastases. Moreover, ultrasonography provides morphological information which, in case of liver resection, may be useful to the surgeon.
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PMID:[Detection of hepatic metastasis of digestive cancers. Value of enzyme assays and ultrasonography]. 257 89

Altogether 108 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) were examined. Of these, 14 patients (13%) presented with the cholestatic pattern of AAH, 45 with extrahepatic cholestasis, and 45 were healthy. As compared with the total patients' group with AAH, the patients with the cholestatic form consumed alcohol in greater amounts. Due to intensive jaundice, 50% of the patients were admitted by error to the infectious clinic and 32% to the surgical one. The disease runs a comparatively grave course, the general conditions gets deteriorated, the body temperature rises, the patient senses pains in the right hypochondrium, skin pruritus is lacking. As compared with other patterns of cholestasis, cholestatic AAH is characterized by a higher thymol test, higher levels of cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, activation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and aspartate aminotransferase and by a lower level of leukocytes, bilirubin, free fatty acids and alkaline phosphatase. Verification of the diagnosis demands the use of certain up-to-date instrumental methods. To identify the cause of cholestasis, great diagnostic significance is attached to echography.
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PMID:[Clinico-laboratory characteristics of the cholestatic form of acute alcoholic hepatitis]. 263 92

Serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (mAST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were measured in 303 outpatients upon visits to their general practitioner. Alcohol consumption was evaluated by interview, using a standard questionnaire. Thirty-four patients drank more than 80 g of alcohol per day but none complained of an alcohol-related disease. These 34 heavy drinkers presented a mean serum mAST value which was significantly higher than that of the 269 normal drinkers; however, only 14 out of the 34 (41%) exhibited an increased mAST value. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive positive value of the mAST/tAST ratio were 0.29, 0.77 and 0.13, respectively; the corresponding figures for GGT were 0.5, 0.81 and 0.23, respectively. These results are in sharp contrast with those obtained for mAST activity in a population of hospitalized alcoholics. The explanation may lie in differences in alcohol consumption, in nutritional status and in the frequency of alcohol-related diseases in inpatients as compared to outpatients.
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PMID:Evaluation of mAST/tAST ratio as a marker of alcohol misuse in a non-selected population. 281 50

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a single ip injection of physiological saline (3.0 ml/kg), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 3.0 ml/kg), phenanthrene (150 mg/kg), ozonized products of phenanthrene (150 mg/kg), pyrene (150 mg/kg), or ozonized products of pyrene (150 mg/kg). Phenanthrene, pyrene, and their ozonized products were dissolved in DMSO (50 mg/ml). Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was increased significantly 24 hr after ip administration of DMSO when compared with physiological saline. Phenanthrene produced a significant elevation of serum AST and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) levels related to physiological saline and DMSO-injected rats 24 hr after injection. However, GGTP levels for groups treated with DMSO or phenanthrene were not significantly increased when compared with saline groups 72 hr after injection. Ozonized products of phenanthrene produced a significant elevation of serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), GGTP, and bilirubin levels when compared with groups treated with physiological saline, DMSO, and phenanthrene 24 or 72 hr after injections. The ozonized products of phenanthrene also produced significant elevation of serum creatinine levels compared with physiological saline, DMSO, and phenanthrene groups at 24 hr after treatment and of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels at 24 and 72 hr. Although pyrene caused a small but significant increase in the serum AST and bilirubin levels 24 hr after treatment, no significant change in the serum AST, ALT, GGTP, BUN, and creatine levels were observed with the ozonized products of pyrene at 24 or 72 hr. This study demonstrates significant alterations in serum chemistry induced by reaction products of ozone with phenanthrene. No such effect was observed when the products of pyrene ozonation were administered. Although the ozonation products of pyrene were not toxic under the conditions of this study, phenanthrene products were more hepatotoxic than was phenanthrene itself. Nephrotoxicity was also an apparent effect of ozonized phenanthrene. Since ozone-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) reactions may occur in the atmosphere, these reactions might produce compounds that are more toxic than either ozone or the PAH alone.
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PMID:Toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. I. Effect of phenanthrene, pyrene, and their ozonized products on blood chemistry in rats. 286 Jul 38

Plasma analysis for albumin, total bilirubin, and total protein values and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), arginase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities was used for the early and quantitative diagnosis of experimental Fasciola hepatica infections in beef calves. Calves were infected on 3 occasions with 1,000 (n = 5), 100 (n = 5), or 10 (n = 4) metacercariae for a total infective dose of 3,000, 300, or 30, respectively. Albendazole (15 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to 7 infected calves on postinfection (initial) week (PIW) 13. All calves were euthanatized and necropsied on PIW 16 for the determination of fluke infections. Plasma constituents were determined weekly. Significant (P less than 0.05) increases in AST activity occurred as early as PIW 4 and GGT activity at PIW 9, as compared with that in noninfected controls. Fluke burden-related differences were observed in GGT activity from PIW 9 onward. Increases in AST activity reflected parenchymal liver damage, whereas increases in GGT reflected hepatobiliary damage; therefore, differentiation could be made between the migratory and ductal phases of the infection. There was no correlation between arginase activity and fluke infection. As compared with fecal examination results, plasma enzyme analysis gave an earlier and semiquantitative indication of F hepatica infection in experimentally infected calves. Although increases in these plasma constituents were not definitely diagnostic of fascioliasis, useful information on the size of the fluke burden and progress of the disease process could be obtained by these methods. Plasma enzyme analyses of AST and GGT were not indicative of chemotherapeutic success or failure when calves with mature F hepatica (14 weeks old) infections were treated.
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PMID:Diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica infection in beef calves by plasma enzyme analysis. 286 Aug 32

Abnormalities in biochemical liver function tests in 127 general surgical patients who had a course of intravenous nutrition have been reviewed. Only 26 patients had liver function tests considered to be normal on commencing intravenous nutrition and they were included in this retrospective study. During intravenous nutrition the most sensitive biochemical test of liver dysfunction was gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase--all patients having an elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level by week 4. Most abnormalities were transient whereas the elevation of alkaline phosphatase was prolonged beyond week 9. Patients with major sepsis were found to have almost double the incidence of abnormal liver function test values compared with patients with no evidence of sepsis. Only patients who were transfused more than 8 units of blood showed a significant rise in bilirubin. Liver function tests in patients who received smaller transfusions showed no difference from patients who did not receive any blood. Patients with below normal anthropometric measurements on commencing intravenous nutrition were more likely to develop abnormalities in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.
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PMID:Intravenous nutrition and hepatic dysfunction. 287 Feb 3

76 adult camel (30 males and 46 females) sera were surveyed for the normal activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine phospho-kinase (CPK), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The values recorded for the above enzymes were compared to other data in the literature.
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PMID:Normal serum activities of some diagnostic enzymes in dromedary camel in Sudan. 288 28

The administration of sodium N-methyl-N-dithiocarboxy-D-glucamine (NaG) at 500 mg/kg, i.p., or sodium calcium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) at 632.5 mg/kg, i.p., reduces the serum enzyme levels characteristic of hepatic damage following the intravenous administration of cadmium chloride (3.5 mg CdCl2.2.5H2O/kg). Some effect on serum enzyme levels was found even when the interval between administration of cadmium chloride and that of the antagonist was as great as 4 h. The enzymes examined included aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (AP). A histopathological examination of the livers of such animals also reveals the presence of a significant protective action.
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PMID:Chelating-agent suppression of cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity. 289 Jul 68

Excessive alcohol intake causes bone loss. Alcohol abuse is a commonly associated disorder in femoral neck fractures in men, but little attention is given to such an association in women. Using serum biochemical and haematological markers (mean red cell volume MCV, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase GGT, aspartate transaminase AST, uric acid UA and triglyceride TG) alcohol abuse was assessed in 14 men and 93 women with non-violent fractures of the hip. Abnormal elevations in one or more of the five test pairs known to correlate with increasing alcohol consumption (GGT/MCV, GGT/AST, AST/MCV, MCV/UA) were found in 7.1% of men, and 11.8% of women. When abnormal results in other test pairs were included the prevalence rose to 14.3% in men and 20.4% in women. These figures are higher than those reported for the general population of elderly people.
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PMID:Serum biochemical and haematological markers of alcohol abuse in patients with femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures. 289 45

Diphenaldehyde is the major product of phenanthrene ozonized on silica gel. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a single ip injection of DMSO (3.0 ml/kg) or diphenaldehyde (90 mg/kg) in DMSO. Diphenaldehyde produced significant alterations in levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and lactate dehydrogenase relative to DMSO-injected rats 24 hr after injection. These results, as well as gross observations on necropsy, suggest that diphenaldehyde exhibits significant hepatotoxicity.
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PMID:Toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. IV. Effects of diphenaldehyde, a major product of ozonized phenanthrene, in rats. 289 30


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