Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 68-year-old woman, who had not traveled outside of western Wisconsin, was hospitalized after 4 weeks of chills, fevers, myalgias, neuralgias in her right arm, and pain in the right upper quadrant of her abdomen. Physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly, and laboratory studies showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased aspartate transaminase level, and microscopic hematuria. Wright's stain of a blood smear revealed intraerythrocytic organisms consistent with Babesia species. A polymerase chain reaction of whole blood specimens along with an increased serologic titer confirmed the diagnosis of Babesia microti. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody serology and Western blot analysis revealed a simultaneous infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Coinfection with B. microti and B. burgdorferi may occur in endemic areas where both organisms are carried by the same tick vector, Ixodes scapularis. The intensity and duration of illness seem to be greatest in patients with concurrent infection.
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PMID:Coinfection with Babesia microti and Borrelia burgdorferi in a western Wisconsin resident. 955 37

A 9-year-old spayed female Poodle was admitted because of vomiting of 3 weeks' duration, lethargy, and anorexia. Palpation of the cranial portion of the abdomen elicited signs of pain. Principal laboratory abnormalities included mild segmented neutrophilia, lymphopenia, high serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities, and hyperbilirubinemia. Radiography revealed foamy appearing areas of mineral opacity in the region of the gallbladder. Ultrasonographically, a hyperechoic structure with acoustic shadowing was seen in the same region, and extrahepatic bile ducts were distended. Cholecystectomy was performed. The gallbladder wall felt thicker than normal and was bluish-white. Multiple choleliths were found in the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Histologic examination revealed chronic proliferative lymphoplasmacytic cholecystitis with mineralization and a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder neck. A diagnosis of porcelain gallbladder was made. The dog recovered without complications and was healthy 14 months after surgery. To our knowledge, porcelain gallbladder has not been reported in dogs. In human patients, it is defined as intramural mineralization of the gallbladder commonly associated with gallbladder neoplasia. Early recognition is important for appropriate surgical treatment.
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PMID:Porcelain gallbladder associated with primary biliary adenocarcinoma in a dog. 978 80

This is the first confirmed report of exertional rhabdomyolysis in a non-human primate. The monkey was singly housed and presented with anorexia and reluctance to move. There was no external evidence of trauma. Clinicopathologic findings included mild azotemia, marked elevation in serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and myoglobinuria. Two days post-incident, the peripheral skeletal muscle had marked multifocal myonecrosis and fibrillar disruption without an inflammatory reaction. Treatment included diuresis and pain relief, and urinary output was monitored. The monkey recovered over the next two weeks. The major significance of skeletal muscle damage is the potential of released myoglobin to cause acute renal failure in the presence of other co-factors such as hypovolemia, acidosis, or ischemia. CPK levels can be highly variable and are inconsistent with the degree of muscle damage; however, CPK is thought to be the most sensitive enzyme marker for muscle necrosis. Because of the potential life-threatening sequelae, exertional rhabdomyolysis should be included as a differential diagnosis when similar clinical and pathological signs are observed.
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PMID:Review of exertional rhabdomyolysis and a case in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). 1020 11

One hundred and nine dogs were diagnosed as having been poisoned by viper (Vipera xanthina palestinae) venom between 1989 and 1996. Most of the cases occurred between April and September (86.2 per cent), with peaks in May (25.7 per cent) and July (20.2 per cent), and very few between November and February (3.6 per cent). Forty-two per cent of the dogs were poisoned in the evening (18.00 to 22.00), with a relative risk of 6.85, 17.4 per cent between 22.00 and 02.00, and 16.5 per cent between 14.00 and 18.00. The median age of the dogs was three years, and almost 80 per cent of them were from rural households. German shepherd dogs and rottweilers were over-represented (relative risk 1.98 and 1.87 respectively), and mongrel dogs and pinschers were under-represented (relative risk 0.41 and 0.53 respectively). Fifty-six per cent of the bites were on the head (excluding the mouth, lips and pinnae), 16.5 per cent on the front limbs, 9.7 per cent on the mouth and lips, 8 per cent on the hindlimbs, 4.4 per cent were submandibular and 5.4 per cent were at other sites. The main clinical signs were local swelling (98.2 per cent) and oedema (94.5 per cent), panting (45.7 per cent), tachypnoea (42.5 per cent), pain (34.9 per cent), tachycardia (29.8 per cent), lameness (25.7 per cent), and lymphadenomegaly (23.9 per cent). The mortality rate was 3.7 per cent. The most common haematological abnormalities were neutrophilia (67.6 per cent), leucocytosis (54.9 per cent), thrombocytopenia (51.9 per cent), increased haematocrit (47.6 per cent), and a left shift of neutrophils (37.8 per cent). Many biochemical abnormalities were observed, of which the most common were high activities of lactate dehydrogenase (84.6 per cent), creatine kinase (69 per cent), gamma-glutamyltransferase (40 per cent) and aspartate aminotransferase and high concentrations of globulin, phosphate and total bilirubin (33.3 per cent in each case).
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PMID:Retrospective study of the epidemiological, clinical, haematological and biochemical findings in 109 dogs poisoned by Vipera xanthina palestinae. 1083 42

Prognosis and outcome of patients with pancreatic carcinoma is poor. The aim of the study was to investigate (1) which factors of medical history and clinical status as well as which laboratory parameters determine survival in pancreatic carcinoma and (2) whether specific data can be used as prognostic parameters or for early diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. In total, 287 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were enrolled in the study. In 193 subjects, only palliative treatment was possible. Survival was assessed using univariate survival probability curves by Kaplan-Meier. Comparison of patient groups with regard to survival was achieved using the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox regression model. Overall, 22 factors, showing a significant impact on survival in pancreatic carcinoma were found, e.g., tumor-associated factors such as (1) tumor stage according to the UICC classification including TNM-based staging, grading, tumor site, and vascular infiltration; (2) preoperative habits and signs and symptoms (physical condition, pain, loss of appetite, ethanol consumption); (3) change of laboratory parameters (CA 19-9, bilirubin, prothrombin time, urea, C-reactive protein), and (4) type of intervention (surgical approach, R0/1/2 resection). Using multivariate analysis, seven factors (UICC tumor stage and site, surgical intervention including number of resected lymph nodes, chemotherapy, occurence of a carcinoma in relatives, preoperative physical condition, night sweat) were determined. In the 193 patients with palliative treatment, only ten factors (among them UICC tumor stage including the presence of metastases; data from the medical history such as physical condition, loss of appetite, and carcinoma in relatives, and laboratory parameters including prothrombin time, protein content, and aspartate aminotransferase levels) were found to be important. Chemotherapy had the strongest impact on survival which was confirmed by multivariate analysis, followed by tumor stage (UICC) and preoperative appetite. Besides tumor-associated determinants, data from the medical history, and pathological laboratory parameters, the prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma is considerably determined by the treatment such as interventional and/or using antineoplastic agents.
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PMID:Prognostic parameters determining survival in pancreatic carcinoma and, in particular, after palliative treatment. 1138 55

A 35-year-old woman experienced symptomatic calf pain while taking a combination of fenfluramine and phentermine. All symptoms resolved when the medications were stopped, but pain returned when fenfluramine was restarted. Laboratory evaluation revealed mild elevations of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase and a remarkably shortened prothrombin time (6.3 seconds). Additional studies revealed that the clots were composed of very thin fibrin fibers. All laboratory abnormalities, including the abnormal fibrin structure, completely resolved when fenfluramin was stopped. Direct addition of fenfluramine or phentermine to normal plasma did not alter either coagulation kinetics or fibrin structure, supporting the concept that the induced changes may have originated at the hepatic level. Clots composed of thin fibers are much more resistant to fibrinolysis, and could potentially put such patients at risk for thrombotic complications. This is the first report of clotting abnormalities associated with fenfluramine use. Subsequent to its use in this patient, fenfluramine was removed from clinical use due to reports of acquired valvular heart disease.
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PMID:Rapid clot formation and abnormal fibrin structure in a symptomatic patient taking fenfluramine--a case report. 1195 19

Package labeling for all over-the-counter pain relievers and fever reducers warns patients who drink 3 or more alcoholic beverages daily to consult with a physician before using these products. In the absence of accurate, consistent data, physicians have relied on retrospective and anecdotal evidence, which has perhaps led to greater restrictions on acetaminophen use than necessary for patients who consume alcohol. Recently, a well-controlled clinical study was conducted to more rigorously characterize the risk to alcohol users taking acetaminophen. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients enrolled in a drug detoxification facility received 1000 mg acetaminophen or placebo 4 times daily for 2 consecutive days immediately after discontinuing alcohol use. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, used to detect hepatic necrosis or liver disease, were monitored at baseline and again both during and after the study. Results for 201 patients completing the study showed no statistically significant difference in liver function tests for 102 patients receiving acetaminophen compared with 99 patients receiving placebo. Researchers concluded that there was no increase in liver toxicity among alcoholic patients given the maximal therapeutic dose (4 g/day) of acetaminophen and no clinical evidence of increased risk for these patients when acetaminophen is used within recommended doses.
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PMID:Acetaminophen use in patients who drink alcohol: current study evidence. 1177 81

We conducted a case-control study in Wisconsin to determine whether some patients have long-term adverse health outcomes after antibiotic treatment for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). A standardized health status questionnaire was administered to patients and controls matched by age group and sex. Consenting patients provided blood samples for serologic testing. Among the 85 previously treated patients, the median interval since onset of illness was 24 months. Compared with 102 controls, patients were more likely to report recurrent or continuous fevers, chills, fatigue, and sweats. Patients had lower health status scores than controls for bodily pain and health relative to 1 year earlier, but there was no significant difference in physical functioning, role limitations, general health, or vitality measures. The HGE antibody titer remained elevated in one patient; two had elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels. HGE may cause a postinfectious syndrome characterized by constitutional symptoms without functional disability or serologic evidence of persistent infection.
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PMID:Outcomes of treated human granulocytic ehrlichiosis cases. 1197 74

Eighty female cats presented for ovariohysterectomy were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups in this assessor-blinded trial. After pre-anaesthetic assessment, the cats were premedicated with acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg). Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and maintained with halothane in oxygen. Forty cats received carprofen (4 mg/kg subcutaneously) and 40 received meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg subcutaneously) after anaesthetic induction. Following routine flank ovariohysterectomy the cats were assessed using visual analogue scale scores for pain and sedation over a 20-hour study period. Blood samples were taken before sedation and at 20 hours for serum biochemistry (urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase). There were no significant differences between the groups for pain and sedation scores. Serum biochemistry values were similar between the groups, with some differences within groups between the pre-sedation and 20-hour values. One cat in the carprofen group and two cats in the meloxicam group required rescue analgesia with intramuscular morphine (0.2 mg/kg).
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PMID:Comparison between meloxicam and carprofen for postoperative analgesia after feline ovariohysterectomy. 1213 47

A 12-year-old girl underwent laparoscopy-assisted splenectomy and cholecystectomy with removal of her spleen through a small Pfannenstiel incision. She had an unremarkable postoperative course but returned 16 days later because of increasing right-sided abdominal pain. The pain was constant, sharp, and stabbing without radiation. Abdominal examination showed diffuse right upper quadrant and epigastric tenderness without peritoneal irritation. Laboratory test results included white blood cell count, 14.4 x 10(9)/mm3; hemoglobin, 8.5 g/dL; platelets, 1,483,000; and normal values for lipase, amylase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. Evaluation with ultrasonography and vessel Doppler studies showed an occlusive thrombus throughout the portal and splenic veins. The patient underwent intravenous heparin anticoagulation therapy. Her symptoms resolved completely over the next 2 days. The patient is currently receiving warfarin and anagrelide as an outpatient (international normalized ratio, 2). There were no long-term complications caused by portal vein thrombosis. This is the first reported case of portal vein thrombosis after laparoscopic splenectomy in the pediatric population.
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PMID:Portal vein thrombosis after laparoscopy-assisted splenectomy and cholecystectomy. 1267 88


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