Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection of pigs by the whipworm (Trichuris suis) resulted in profuse diarrhea on postinfection days 17 to 21. Anorexia, retardation of growth, dehydration, and emaciation were observed in infected pigs. Scanning electron micrography showed nematodes embedded in the mucosa of the cecum and colon, with resultant disruption of the mucosa. Infected pigs had decreased values of albumin, amylase, calcium and creatine phosphokinase, but increased values of alpha-, beta-, and gamma- globulins, total iron-binding capacity, copper, potassium, uric acid, and aspartate aminotransferase.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of swine trichuriasis. 88 15

Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHF) virus and a new strain of Ebola virus were isolated concurrently in recently imported cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) being maintained in a quarantine facility. Ebola virus had never been isolated in the U.S. previously and was presumed to be highly pathogenic for humans. A chronology of events including measures taken to address the public health concerns is presented. The clinicopathologic features of the disease were abrupt anorexia, splenomegaly, marked elevations of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, with less prominent elevations of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and other serum chemistry parameters. Histologically, fibrin deposition, hemorrhage, and necrosis of lymphoid cells and reticular mononuclear phagocytes were present in the spleens of SHF and of Ebola virus-infected animals. Intravascular fibrin thrombi and hemorrhage were also present in the renal medulla and multifocally in the gastrointestinal tract. Necrosis of lymphoid and epithelial cells was occasionally noted in the gastrointestinal tract. The histopathologic findings considered specific for Ebola virus infection include hepatocellular necrosis, necrosis of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex, and interstitial pneumonia, all of which were generally associated with the presence of 1 to 4 mu intracytoplasmic amphophilic inclusion bodies. The disease spread within rooms despite discontinuation of all direct contact with animals, and droplet or aerosol transmission was suspected. Antibody to Ebola virus developed in animal handlers but no clinical disease was noted, suggesting a less virulent strain of virus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Combined simian hemorrhagic fever and Ebola virus infection in cynomolgus monkeys. 131 46

Nonhematopoietic hepatic neoplasms (n = 25) were diagnosed in 21 cats during a 5.5-year period. Thirteen of the neoplasms were benign bile duct adenomas and 12 were malignant, 6 of which were bile duct adenocarcinomas. All cats were greater than or equal to 10 years old, and 14 were male. Main clinical signs were anorexia and lethargy, and 15 of 21 cats had hepatomegaly. All 21 cats were feline leukemia virus-test negative. Although there was a trend toward high activities of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, neither clinical signs nor enzyme activity were specific for diagnosis of hepatic neoplasia in the cats of this study.
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PMID:Nonhematopoietic hepatic neoplasms in cats: 21 cases (1983-1988). 133 Sep 99

A retrospective study concerning ten patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AiH), diagnosed during a 2 1/2-year period is presented. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 82 years and nine of the patients were women. Their symptoms included jaundice, pruritus, fever, anorexia and fatigue during a few weeks to years. Seven patients had increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) levels. The three patients with normal ASAT levels had hypoalbuminaemia, decreased level of prothrombin or high levels of serum immunoglobulin G. Moderate or high levels of smooth muscle antibody titer were detected in nine patients, while none had increased levels of anti-nuclear antibody titer. Histological features of moderate or severe chronic active hepatitis were demonstrated in nine patients. One patient presented with clinical and histological features of acute hepatitis. Prednisolone therapy was followed by biochemical improvement in all the patients. In one patient, maintenance therapy with prednisolone was combined with azathioprine.
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PMID:[Autoimmune hepatitis. Forms of manifestation, diagnosis and treatment]. 141 30

Medical records of 11 cats with lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes were reviewed. All 9 cats tested were FeLV-negative. Ten cats had a history of anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea, and had lymphoma involving abdominal viscera. The most common site of tumor in these cats was the jejunum. One cat had cutaneous masses caused by dermal and epidermal infiltration with neoplastic large granular lymphocytes. The most common hematologic abnormality was leukocytosis, characterized by neutrophilia with a left shift (7 cats); 2 cats had a left shift without neutrophilia. None of the cats had lymphocytosis, but immature large granular lymphocytes were found in the blood of 4 cats. The most common serum biochemical abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia (10 cats), hypocalcemia (10 cats), hypoproteinemia (9 cats), high aspartate transaminase activity (9 cats), and hyperbilirubinemia (8 cats). Large granular lymphocytes were characterized by abundant cytoplasm containing distinct azurophilic granules that varied in size and number. The most common cytochemical staining pattern included detection of alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and beta-glucuronidase activities. On examination of histologic sections, granules stained weakly eosinophilic with Giemsa and moderately with periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Ultrastructurally, the granules appeared membrane bound and contained an electron-dense matrix in 4 cats.
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PMID:Lymphoma involving large granular lymphocytes in cats: 11 cases (1982-1991). 142 72

Oak poisoning occurred in crossbred cattle due to eating immature tender oak (Quercus incana) leaves. Mortality was 70%. The animals exhibited anorexia, severe constipation and brisket edema. The feces were hard, pelleted and coated with blood and mucous. Significant reductions in blood hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and significant elevations in serum bilirubin were observed. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine were greatly increased. There was bilirubinuria, proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and hypocalcemia, and greatly increased activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. The levels of tannins and condensed tannins were 97.7 mg tannic acid equivalent and 5.8 mg catechin equivalent/g of dry leaves. There was extensive nephro- and hepatotoxicity in the affected cattle due to hydrolysable tannins and simple phenols in the oak leaves.
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PMID:Oak (Quercus incana) leaf poisoning in cattle. 150 80

Dried, milled Cestrum laevigatum plant material was drenched to 6 ewes at doses ranging from 2,5 to 10 g/kg/day for 1 to 47 days. The most noticeable clinical signs were depression, anorexia and ruminal stasis. These signs were accompanied by clinical pathological changes indicative of liver involvement such as increases in the serum activities of aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. Hepatosis characterized by accentuated lobulation, and centrilobular to midzonal coagulative necrosis, haemorrhage and congestion occurred in 2 of the 3 ewes given high doses of plant material. Liver lesions in the other animals included disappearance of hepatocytes and collapse of the reticulin stroma in the centrilobular areas. Spongy changes in the cerebral white matter were evident in the ewes of the high-dose group. Ultrastructural changes in the liver comprised degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and occasionally endothelial cells, and disruption of sinusoidal walls.
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PMID:Experimentally-induced Cestrum laevigatum (Schlechtd.) poisoning in sheep. 151 94

The characteristics of liver damage associated with the use of diclofenac, a popular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were investigated by reviewing adverse drug reaction reports for Australia. Twenty six patients were reported for whom diclofenac was the sole suspected drug cause of their liver damage. The average age of the patients was 64 years (range 37-84 years); 19 (70%) were women. The most common clinical features were jaundice, hepatomegaly, anorexia, and nausea. Features of drug hypersensitivity were not reported. Duration of treatment with diclofenac before the onset of the illness ranged from 6-417 days (median 76 days). The most prominent biochemical abnormalities were raised serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activity of up to 30 to 40 times the upper limit of the normal range. Recovery generally started soon after withdrawal of diclofenac and the decrease in aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase for the group was exponential, with half lives of around 13 days. The average total dose taken by 18 patients for whom accurate data were available was 8.7 g (range 1.4-63.5 g) and, unexpectedly, there was a significant relation between the logarithm of the dose of diclofenac and the logarithms of the peak and mean transaminase levels. Hepatocellular damage during treatment with diclofenac seems to be a rare event. From this analysis of Australian reports it seems that in a small subgroup of patients liver injury may be a direct toxic effect of diclofenac or a metabolite.
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PMID:Diclofenac hepatitis. 175 73

The medical records of 7 hypercalcemic cats with primary hyperparathyroidism were evaluated. Mean age was 12.9 years, with ages ranging from 8 to 15 years; 5 were female; 5 were Siamese, and 2 were of mixed breed. The most common clinical signs detected by owners were anorexia and lethargy. A cervical mass was palpable in 4 cats. Serum calcium concentrations were 11.1 to 22.8 mg/dl, with a mean of 15.8 mg/dl calculated from each cat's highest preoperative value. The serum phosphorus concentration was low in 2 cats, within reference limits in 4, and slightly high in 1 cat. The BUN concentration was greater than 60 mg/dl in 2 cats, 31 to 35 mg/dl in 2 cats, and less than 30 mg/dl in 3 cats. Abnormalities were detected in serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase activities from 2 or 3 cats. Parathormone (PTH) concentrations were measured in 2 cats before and after surgery. The preoperative PTH concentration was within reference limits in 1 cat and was high in 1 cat. The PTH concentrations were lower after surgery in both cats tested. A solitary parathyroid adenoma was surgically removed from 5 cats, bilateral parathyroid cystadenomas were surgically resected in 1 cat, and a parathyroid carcinoma was diagnosed at necropsy in 1 cat. None of the cats had clinical problems with hypocalcemia after surgery, although 2 cats developed hypocalcemia without tetany, one of which was controlled with oral administration of dihydrotachysterol and the other with oral administration of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D. All 5 of the cta that underwent removal of an adenoma were alive at least 240 days after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism in cats: seven cases (1984-1989). 181 72

A 49 year old female was started on disulfiram. Six weeks later she was given naproxen because of epicondylitis. After 5 days' treatment with naproxen she complained of nausea, anorexia and jaundice. At admission, bilirubin was 452 mumol/l, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) 1925 U/I, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) 2815 U/I and prothrombin time measured as Normotest was 27%. The patient developed a fulminant hepatitis and died in hepatic coma almost four weeks after the introduction of naproxen. Postmortem examination disclosed a small liver (1,100 g) and histological examination showed massive necrosis and collapse of the lobules. The naproxen was the most probable cause of death, but it is impossible to exclude disulfiram as causative agent.
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PMID:[Fulminating hepatitis after treatment with naproxen and/or disulfiram?]. 200 Jun 13


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