Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase have been measured in the African elephant. In general, the values were broadly comparable with those of man except that alanine aminotransferase was much lower and creatine phosphokinase higher. No variation due to age, sex, season or location was observed.
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PMID:Serum enzyme activities in the African elephant (loxodonta africana). 95 33

An enzymatic-fluorimetric method using a highly purified 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Sterognost-3alpha, Nyco) was used to determine fasting serum bile acid concentrations on 49 occasions in 43 patients with various liver diseases. A two-hour postprandial bile acid determination was carried out on 29 occasions in 27 of the patients. Fasting bile acid concentration correlated significantly both in cholestatic hepatobiliary and in parenchymatous liver disease to serum bilirubin and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) but not to alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), alkaline phosphatase, or albumin. The two-hour postprandial bile acid concentration was above normal in all patients with biochemical and/or histological signs of hepatobiliary disease, also when fasting concentration was within normal limits. In parenchymatous liver disease correlations existed between the two-hour postprandial bile acid concentration and bilirubin, ASAT, and ALAT. The sensitivity of serum bile acid estimation was compared to other liver function tests. Both the fasting and the postprandial serum bile acid concentrations tended to be more sensitive tests of hepatobiliary disease than bilirubin, ASAT and ALAT.
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PMID:Serum bile acid concentrations in patients with liver disease. 95 69

Changes in serum chemistry values as a result of incomplete removal of erythrocytes and in vitro hemolysis during the preparative process have been studied. Two levels of contamination, corresponding to removal of 99% and 99.9% of the erythrocytes, were used to examine the effects of both hemolyzed and intact cells. Forty chemical procedures and methods were considered. Serum LDH values were most strongly affected by hemolyzed erythrocytes. Potassium, creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and iron showed smaller but significant effects due to the presence of 1% hemolyzed cells, with lesser effects observed at the 0.1% level. The presence of non-hemolyzed cells at either level did not significantly alter chemistry results.
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PMID:The effects of 0.1 and 1.0 per cent erythrocytes and hemolysis on serum chemistry values. 97 Mar 64

Abnormal serum aminotransferase activities with dominance of aspartate aminotransferase over alanine aminotransferase activity, and elevated serum adenosine deaminase activity and immunoglobulin. A concentration, were commonly encountered among patients with portal cirrhosis. The full triad was present in 31 of 49 cases (63%). As isolated abnormalities, these features were not uncommon in patients with other diseases of the liver and biliary tree, but the full triad was found only in 11 of 163 such cases (6.8%). The presence of this triad in a patient with unexplained hepatomegaly is indicative of portal cirrhosis.
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PMID:A diagnostic triad for portal cirrhosis. 97 89

Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei includes three morphologically identical subspecies which are poorly defined by clinical behaviour; T. b. brucei does not infect man, whereas T. b. rhodesiense causes an acute, and T. b gambiense a chronic, disease. Thirty-three isolates of the complex, each of which had previously been identified on clinical or other criteria, were compared by the electrophoretic patterns of two trypanosomal enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT). One particular ALAT pattern clearly segregated a group of human pathogens of which all except one were labelled T. b. gambiense. The exception was labelled T. b. rhodesiense, and in addition three putative T. b. gambiense isolates did not have this pattern; it is suggested that only one presents a serious anomaly. The T. b. gambiense group could also be subdivided by three ASAT patterns which coincided with known groupings based on serological criteria.
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PMID:Enzyme electrophoresis in characterizing the causative organism of Gambian trypanosomiasis. 98 16

This prospective study assesses the effect of 2.5, 4, and 10 mg of pyridoxine supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and fetal plasma levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and on the degree of coenzyme saturation (activation factor) of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (alphaEGOT and alphaEGPT) in maternal erythrocytes. More than 4 mg of pyridoxine supplementation daily was required for most pregnancies to maintain maternal plasma PLP levels within the range observed during the first trimester and in the nonpregnant state. The plasma PLP concentrations in maternal and cord blood were highly correlated and indicated a dependence of fetal vitamin B6 nutrition on maternal circulating PLP. Measurements of alphaEGOT and alphaEGPT were not as reproducible as plasma PLP assays and were less sensitive and quantitative indicators. In the majority of subjects, the changes in alphaEGOT and alphaEGPT with time correlated poorly with the changes in plasma PLP. However, when the data were analyzed without regard for their dependence on time, they demonstrated a negative, linear correlation between alphaEGOT and log plasma PLP and between alphaEGPT and log plasma PLP for the group on 2.5 mg of pyridoxine and for all the subjects combined. Finally, the dietary records showed that most of the subjects consumed less than 2 mg of vitamin B6 daily from their food. The results indicate that the current Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin B6 during pregnancy (2.5 mg) is too low and that supplementation of this vitamin in an amount more than 4 mg daily is recommended.
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PMID:Adequacy of vitamin B6 supplementation during pregnancy: a prospective study. 99 49

The activity of enzymes of glycine and alanine synthesis (glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase, aspartate-beta-decarboxylase, threonine aldolase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) is studied in haemolymph, fat body, fibroin and sericine divisions of silk gland of silkworm Bombyx mori at terminal period of larva development. Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase activity in fibroin division of silk gland (34,6 mu mole of glycine/mg of protein/min-10(-3)), alanine aminotransferase--in sericine division (36,0 mu mole of alanine/mg of protein/min-10(-3)) aspartate aminotransferase 27,3 mu mole of glutamic acid/mg of protein/min-10(-3)) and alanine aminotransferase (35,8 mu mole of alanine/mg of protein/min-10(-3)) on fat body. The ratio of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase/glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase activities in posterior division of silk gland is near to glycine/alanine ratio in silk fibroin. The character of the enzymes activity in silkworm tissues correlates with the silk formation rate.
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PMID:[Glycine and alanine synthesis enzymes in the tissues of the silkworm during its development]. 99 78

Because of the difficulties in drawing blood for clinical chemistry in small laboratory animals there exist many methods for sampling blood and the preparation of serum, none of which is generally accepted or well standardised. It was the aim of this study to investigate the effects of sampling techniques on normal values of enzyme activities in the serum of rat and mouse. The activities of the following enzymes were determined: sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase, myokinase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase. In addition plasmaproteins, urea and inorganic phosphorus were measured. In rats blood was obtained from the following sites: retroorbital venous plexus, jugular vein, heart and ventral aorta. In mice blood was sampled from the jugular vein and the ventral aorta. Shifts of water from the interstitial to the intravascular space due to hypovolemia occurring during the experimental procedure were followed up by measuring the hematocrit and the distribution of radioiodide labelled albumin. In rats the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase and myokinase found in blood serum obtained from the retroorbital venous plexus and the ventral aorta were too high compared to the other sampling sites. Activities of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase were slightly elevated when blood was sampled from the punctured retroorbital venous plexus. Small differences in plasmaproteins and hematocrit values were found to be due to acute shifts of water within the extracellular space. In mice the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and myokinase were found to be too high in blood serum obtained from the ventral aorta. Efflux of enzymes from damaged cells and the interstitial space ive caused erroneous results too, but only to a minor extent. The most reliable method for blood sampling in rat and mouse is the cannulation of the jugular vein. The heart puncture can be recommended too. Attention should be paid, however, to the possibility of aspirating disrupted muscle cells through the inserted needle.
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PMID:[Effects of blood sampling on enzyme activities in the serum of small laboratory animals (author's transl)]. 108 84

A new fast kinetic analyzer, System Olli 3000, is evaluated as an instrument for the routine clinical laboratory measurement of the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum. The System Olli 3000 consists of dispensers for simultaneous multiple dispensing of sample and reagents, incubators, vortex-type shakers, and a photometer with quartz fibre optics connected to a computer, allowing cycling measurements of 24 cuvets 24 times in 2 min. An unique slope search algorithm is described. The system shows a high degree of precision and a wide linearity range; activities of at least 10-fole the normal upper limit for all three of these enzymes can be measured without diluting the serum sample. As many as 380 analyses per hour (including calibration and blanks) can be carried out by one technician. For comparison, enzyme measurements were also made with an LKB 8600 Reaction Rate Analyzer and a Pye Unicam SP 8005 spectrophotometer coupled on-line to an IBM 1800 computer. Results obtained with the different instruments correlated well, especially in the region of main interest, i.e., above the normal upper limit. We conclude that the new instrument has many potentialities in kinetic analyses of nonenzymatic constituents in biological fluids.
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PMID:Evaluation of the new "System Olli 3000" kinetic ultraviolet analyzer for measuring aspartate ana alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in serum. 112 12

The serum argino-succinate lyase (ASAL) activity was measured in preoperative and post-operative serum samples, from approximately 500 patients submitted to elective surgery. The results were compared with the determinations of 6 other enzyme activities on the same serum specimens. Serum ASAL elevations correlated highly with increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and were nearly twice as great. They also correlated well with serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), but were approximately 2.7 times greater. It is confirmed that the serum ASAL activity is a sensitive and specific test for liver cell damage, suitable use in special conditions where high sensitivity is required.
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PMID:Serum arginino-succinate lyase: observations on the sensitivity and specificity of this test in the detection of minimal hepatocellular damage. 114 20


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