Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is a fairly common practice to issue biochemical results of multichannel analysers containing many analytes, irrespective of the number of tests requested by the physician. Abnormal results in such profiles may occur from presentation of artefacted blood samples; it is sometimes not possible to differentiate the abnormality arising as a result of pathological process from that due to a poor sample quality. In this study normal volunteers were studied to examine changes occurring when centrifugation was delayed for a few hours to a few days. Analyses on stored serum samples over the same period were also studied. If haemolysis is present, lactate dehydrogenase (hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase), aspartate transaminase, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate and creatinine estimations are not valid. Accurate data, however, can be obtained on sodium, urea, proteins, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamyl transferase. The very concept of efficient and cost-effective testing by multichannel profiles may generate further unnecessary investigations with a consequent waste of health service resources if pre-analytical factors are not taken into consideration.
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PMID:Delay in centrifugation and measurement of serum constituents in normal subjects. 280 69

We have examined the value of serum type III procollagen amino propeptide (PIIINP) measurement both in evaluation of disease activity and in estimation of prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). 55 paired sera from 32 PBC patients not receiving treatment known to affect PIIINP levels not with non-hepatic inflammatory conditions were used to estimate serum PIIINP by radioimmunoassay. Significant correlations were found between serum PIIINP and serum albumin (P less than 0.001), bilirubin (P less than 0.002) and aspartate transaminase (P = 0.01). The mean serum PIIINP level rose with advancing histological stage (P less than 0.001). In 18 patients in whom more than 1 serum was assayed (mean follow-up 42 months) PIIINP often fell, particularly in patients with established cirrhosis and advanced disease. The independent prognostic value of PIIINP was examined using Cox's proportional hazards model with three other prognostic co-variables (bilirubin, albumin, patient age). Stepwise regression analysis selected albumin (P less than 0.001) and bilirubin (P = 0.002) as the most important prognostic factors. PIIINP did not give independent prognostic information. We conclude that PIIINP is another marker of disease activity in PBC which confers no benefit over existing conventional measurements in routine management of this disease.
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PMID:Is measurement of type III procollagen amino propeptide useful in primary biliary cirrhosis? 280 58

Haematological and biochemical investigations were performed on 14 koalas with uncomplicated cystitis, 8 with complicated cystitis, 8 with conjunctivitis, 8 with lymphosarcoma, and 14 with miscellaneous diseases. Changes were limited and inconsistent in individual koalas with uncomplicated cystitis and conjunctivitis. In contrast, individual koalas with complicated cystitis were more likely to have anaemia, leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, hypoproteinaemia due to hypoalbuminaemia, and azotaemia due to elevated urea concentration. Although these changes were non-specific they did allow assessment of prognosis for survival and response to treatment. Koalas with lymphosarcoma were invariably anaemic, leukaemic, azotaemic and hypoalbuminaemic. Elevated enzymes (aspartate transaminase [AST]. lactate dehydrogenase [LD] and gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]) were more common in koalas with lymphosarcoma. Koalas affected by miscellaneous conditions showed variable changes but once again anaemia, leukocytosis, azotaemia, elevated AST and LD, and hypoalbuminaemia were not uncommon. On the basis of these findings a minimal profile is suggested for the investigation of sick koalas and would include haematocrit, total and differential leukocyte counts, urea, total protein and albumin concentrations and AST, GGT and LD activities.
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PMID:Haematological and biochemical investigations of diseased koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). 281 69

Serum glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT), serum total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin were measured in 55 males and 45 females suffering from O. viverrini infection and in apparently healthy non-infected individuals. A decrease in total protein, albumin and bilirubin, as well as an increase in GOT, GPT and gamma-GT was observed in males with O. viverrini infection, whereas alkaline phosphatase remained unaffected. In female patients with O. viverrini, serum total protein and albumin also decreased, GOT and GPT increased, whereas gamma-GT remained unchanged. The difference in gamma-GT alteration between females and males is discussed with regard to the possible significance of alcohol consumption and in relation to the parasitic infection and its possible implications for malignancy, associated with liver fluke infection.
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PMID:Serum glutamyl transferase and other liver function tests in Opisthorchis viverrini infection. 286 Jul 15

Plasma analysis for albumin, total bilirubin, and total protein values and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), arginase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities was used for the early and quantitative diagnosis of experimental Fasciola hepatica infections in beef calves. Calves were infected on 3 occasions with 1,000 (n = 5), 100 (n = 5), or 10 (n = 4) metacercariae for a total infective dose of 3,000, 300, or 30, respectively. Albendazole (15 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to 7 infected calves on postinfection (initial) week (PIW) 13. All calves were euthanatized and necropsied on PIW 16 for the determination of fluke infections. Plasma constituents were determined weekly. Significant (P less than 0.05) increases in AST activity occurred as early as PIW 4 and GGT activity at PIW 9, as compared with that in noninfected controls. Fluke burden-related differences were observed in GGT activity from PIW 9 onward. Increases in AST activity reflected parenchymal liver damage, whereas increases in GGT reflected hepatobiliary damage; therefore, differentiation could be made between the migratory and ductal phases of the infection. There was no correlation between arginase activity and fluke infection. As compared with fecal examination results, plasma enzyme analysis gave an earlier and semiquantitative indication of F hepatica infection in experimentally infected calves. Although increases in these plasma constituents were not definitely diagnostic of fascioliasis, useful information on the size of the fluke burden and progress of the disease process could be obtained by these methods. Plasma enzyme analyses of AST and GGT were not indicative of chemotherapeutic success or failure when calves with mature F hepatica (14 weeks old) infections were treated.
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PMID:Diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica infection in beef calves by plasma enzyme analysis. 286 Aug 32

Metabolic and hormonal responses of eight adult male collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) to an ad libitum diet intake, or 25% of an ad libitum intake, were examined. Blood samples for hematological, serum-biochemical and hormonal profiles were collected at three week intervals during the nine week experiment starting 4 August 1983. Males fed on the restricted diet lost an average of 26% of their body weight during the trial, compared to a slight weight gain for those fed ad libitum. Characteristics of the red and white blood cell populations were not influenced by diet intake, with the exception of mean corpuscular volume, which was consistently lower amongst males fed on the restricted diet. Restricted food intake resulted in significantly elevated serum values for urea nitrogen, urea nitrogen:creatinine, urea index, alpha globulin:beta globulin, gamma globulin:albumin, nonesterified fatty acids, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase isozymes (LD1 and LD2). Restricted food intake resulted in significantly lowered serum values for total alpha globulin, alpha-1 globulin, total beta globulin, beta-1 globulin, beta-2 globulin, glucose, triglycerides, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride, copper and triiodothyronine. Serum levels of creatinine, total protein, albumin, alpha-2 globulin, uric acid, total bilirubin, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus, calcium:phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc and thyroxine were unaffected by diet intake level. Semen evaluation indicated spermatogenesis was not affected by dietary restriction despite reductions in scrotal circumference and ejaculate gel volume. Serum testosterone levels were significantly lower among males fed on the restricted diet after nine weeks. These data suggest male libido might be depressed during poor range conditions, while maintenance of spermatogenesis might permit them to take immediate advantage of improved range conditions. Blood analysis of metabolic and hormonal function can provide useful information for predicting the adult male's nutritional and reproductive condition.
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PMID:Physiological responses of the adult male collared peccary, Tayassu tajacu (Tayassuidae), to severe dietary restriction. 286 11

Normal reference values for total serum protein, albumin, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), and total bilirubin were established in 48 clinically healthy woodchucks. To validate the use of these biochemical tests in the woodchuck for assessment of liver injury, carbon tetrachloride was administered to produce hepatocellular necrosis and the common bile duct was surgically occluded to produce cholestasis. Biochemical tests were performed prior to experimental treatment and thereafter in surviving woodchucks for a period of 6 weeks. There were marked increases in the serum activities of AST, ALT, and SDH following carbon tetrachloride administration and all 3 enzymes appeared to be useful markers of acute hepatocellular injury. The predominate biochemical abnormalities in woodchucks with bile duct obstruction were hyperbilirubinemia, hypercholesterolemia and increased serum AP and GGT activities. The increase of GGT occurred earlier following bile duct obstruction and the magnitude of increase was greater than that of AP, suggesting that GGT would be the preferred serum enzyme test in the woodchuck for assessment of cholestatic liver injury.
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PMID:Laboratory assessment of hepatic injury in the woodchuck (Marmota monax). 286 72

A comparative study of the metabolic effects of two combined oral contraceptive preparations was undertaken in seven WHO Collaborating Centres for Research in Human Reproduction. A total of 847 subjects were randomly allocated to one of two pill groups - norethisterone lmg/ethinyl estradiol 35 micrograms (NET/EE) or levonorgestrel 150 micrograms/ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms (LNG/EE). An additional 195 women using an IUD served as a comparison group. Blood samples were taken on admission, and at 3 and 12 months thereafter. Both pills induced changes in fasting and 2-hour glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and total protein, but not aspartate aminotransferase. The most dramatic and probably most clinically important changes were an increase in triglycerides and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol. The NET/EE preparation appeared to induce a greater increase in triglycerides, but no significant difference was found between the two pill preparations with respect to HDL-cholesterol changes.
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PMID:A randomized double-blind study of the effects of two low-dose combined oral contraceptives on biochemical aspects. Report from a seven-centred study. WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction. Task force on Oral Contraceptives. 286 58

Twenty horses of various ages had inadvertently ingested alfalfa hay contaminated with Senecio vulgaris. Among them, 4 died of liver disease. Blood was collected from affected horses at monthly intervals for 7 months and at the 9th and 14th months. The following serum enzymes and chemical items were assayed: aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, BUN, glucose, cholesterol, inorganic phosphate, calcium, total protein, and albumin. Amino acid profiles, conjugated bile acids, sulfobromophthalein clearance times, and liver histopathologic changes via serial biopsies were also monitored. Liver histopathologic changes revealed lesions progressively increasing in severity. Aspartate aminotransferase and plasma amino acid ratios indicated chronic liver degeneration (0.05 level of significance). gamma-Glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase as well as BUN values fluctuated, but returned to within reference values. Horses appeared clinically normal 14 months after intoxication, but were unable to tolerate stress of exercise.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic study of horses surviving pyrrolizidine alkaloid (Senecio vulgaris) toxicosis. 287 83

The average biological intra-individual CV in 20 patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), estimated for 14 analytes during a stationary phase, significantly exceeded that for a normal group in the cases of Na+, K+, Cl-, total protein, albumin, cholinesterase, hemoglobin, and alpha-amylase; it did not differ significantly from the normal group for cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminopeptidase; and it was significantly lower than in the normal group for alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. There were no significant sex-related differences in mean intra-individual variation in CLD patients. Individual values were gaussian-distributed for all analytes, including enzymes. The estimated biological component of intra-individual variation and the analytical variation as determined for each laboratory can be used to derive decision-making criteria in monitoring CLD.
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PMID:Intra-individual variation of analytes in serum from patients with chronic liver diseases. 288 11


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