Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study is presented in which eight healthy male non-smoking volunteers ingested a daily amount of 0.5 mg/kg butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) for 10 consecutive days. Blood samples were taken on days -6 and 0 before and on days 4 and 7 after the first BHA administration for the assessment of standard clinical plasma parameters (L-aspartate aminotransferase, L-alanine-aminotransferase, L-gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, Na+, and Cl-). Antipyrine (500 mg p.o.) and paracetamol (500 mg p.o) were administered before and during BHA administration as test substances to measure phase-I and phase-II biotransformation capacity. Saliva samples and urine were subsequently collected for the assessment of kinetic parameters (e.g. saliva elimination half-life, saliva clearance, apparent volume of distribution) and urinary excretion of metabolites. Kinetic plasma parameters of BHA itself were determined in plasma samples obtained via a catheter in an arm vein after oral BHA intake on days 0 and 7. Levels of antipyrine, paracetamol, BHA and metabolites in plasma, saliva or urine were quantified by standard or newly developed reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Urinary excretion of Na+, K+, and Cl-, as well as osmolality of urine were measured on three days before and six days during BHA administration. Generally, no significant differences were detected in the parameters measured, indicating that oral administration of BHA to men for 10 days remains without effects on clinical biochemical parameters and phase-I and phase-II biotransformation capacity. In contrast, urinary excretion of metabolites of BHA was significantly increased on days 3 and 7 vs. the first day of BHA administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of subacute oral intake of the food antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole on clinical parameters and phase-I and -II biotransformation capacity in man. 259 85

The health status of broilers fed diets with varying protein contents in the presence of ochratoxin A (OA) were evaluated using clinical-chemistry techniques for blood analysis. A completely randomized, 3 x 4 factorial design was utilized: 14, 18, 22, and 26% of dietary protein and 0, 2, and 4 mg/kg of OA. The broilers were raised to 3 wk of age, at which time blood was collected and various hematological parameters were evaluated. The serum was analyzed for various enzyme activities and for concentrations of metabolites and minerals using an automated, clinical-chemistry analyzer and an atomic-absorption spectrophotometer. Adding OA to the diets of broilers decreased the hemoglobin concentration, corpuscular volume, and the activity of serum alkaline and phosphatase but increased the activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase. Adding protein to the diet increased the activity of the serum aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and alkaline phosphatase. Adding OA to the diet of broilers decreased the concentrations of serum total protein, as well as the concentrations of albumen and cholesterol and increased the concentrations of serum creatinine and uric acid. The concentrations of serum total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, and triglyceride were increased by adding protein to the diet. The concentrations of calcium, potassium, and inorganic phosphorus in the serum decreased when OA was added to the diet; but the concentrations of calcium and potassium content in the serum increased along with dietary protein. A regression analysis suggested that dietary protein was synergistic toward OA with regard to the blood levels of cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Ochratoxin A and dietary protein. 2. Effects on hematology and various clinical chemistry measurements. 262 21

In patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency, chronic nonspecific diseases of respiratory system, lung malignancies, as well as in the group of patients with "other diseases" complicated by bacterial pneumonia the total protein and protein fractions, bilirubin, activity of alanine aminotransferase and of aspartate aminotransferase in the blood serum has been determined. The control group consisted of analogous groups of patient without, however, bacterial pneumonia. It has been stated that in patients with lung cancer bacterial pneumonia has been accompanied by the increased concentration of beta-globulin and the decreased concentration of gamma-globulin. In other groups of patients the lowered concentration of albumin and the increased concentration of alpha-globulin has been observed. Chronic nonspecific diseases of respiratory system were, moreover, characterized by the increased concentration of gamma-globulin. In some groups of patients with secondary bacterial pneumonias if compare with analogous++ groups of patients without pneumonia the increased bilirubin concentration and increased activity of alanine aminotransferase and/or aspartate aminotransferase remaining however within normal range has been demonstrated.
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PMID:[Results of various biochemical studies in secondary bacterial pneumonia]. 263 Nov 44

Studies were carried out on the effect of various cadmium doses, which were given to growing rats in diet. A 42-day biological experiment was carried out on male growing Wistar rats. The animals divided into groups were given diets containing cadmium in amounts of 50, 100 and 200 ppm and diet with no adding cadmium. The diets contained 20% of protein in equal amounts from wheat gluten and casein. It was demonstrated that cadmium had a significant influence on diet intake and growth of rats. The absorption from diets containing 50, 100 and 200 ppm of cadmium was about 30 to 48%. The more cadmium was absorbed, the most was in blood and rat liver. Anaemia was noted in animals, which were given diets with cadmium. Rats had a low level of haematocrit and haemoglobin in plasma. It was shown that cadmium intake caused a significant decrease in plasma albumin concentration and increase of plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity.
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PMID:[Effect of various cadmium doses in the diet on the body of growing rats]. 263 83

Rodent model of filariasis was developed by infecting Wistar rats with Litomosoides carinii. Liver function tests, plasma protein concentrations, and synthesis rates of liver-formed proteins were estimated in these rats at 63 and 90 days post-infection. At 63 days post-infection, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased. Alanine aminotransferase, plasma total proteins and plasma albumin were in the normal range. However, at 90 days post-infection all these parameters were affected, reflecting progressive liver involvement. Hypoalbuminemia at 90 days post-infection did not appear to be due to decreased synthesis rate, indicating higher catabolism and/or altered distribution in pools.
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PMID:Liver function and plasma protein metabolism in rodent model of filariasis. 266 7

The effects of various avocado oils on some liver characteristics were studied in growing rats. The rats were fed diets containing 10% (w/w) avocado oil for 4 wk. In comparison with rats fed refined oil obtained from cored fruit by centrifugal separation, rats fed unrefined avocado oil obtained by solvent extraction from the intact fruit, or refined avocado oil containing avocado-seed oil, showed significant growth inhibition, an increase in the amount of hepatic lipids (identified as steatosis by histopathological examination), and a decrease in levels of triglycerides in blood. Rats fed the refined oil containing unsaponifiable material prepared from unrefined oil from the intact fruit showed similar responses. Fatty livers were not induced by feeding rats unrefined avocado oil obtained from intact fruit by centrifugal separation, although a significant decrease in blood triglycerides was observed. There were no significant differences between groups in serum total protein, albumin or bilirubin content or in alanine aminotransferase activity. However, serum alkaline phosphatase activity was increased in rats fed the seed oil, the unrefined solvent-extracted oil from intact fruit, or the unsaponifiables, and aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly increased in the group fed avocado-seed oil. These data suggest that consumption of avocado oil extracted from intact fruit may cause changes in liver metabolism.
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PMID:The effect of avocado oils on some liver characteristics in growing rats. 274 58

Ten male Holstein-Friesian calves naturally infected by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis were experimentally re-infected orally at an average of 17 days. Monthly measurements were conduced of the following activities, in the period between post infection days 160 and 400: total protein (TPR), albumin (ALB), cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TRIG), Zn and Cu concentrations as well as sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH), gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase (ALD). TPR, ALB, TRIG, and CHOL were reduced by day 400, in conjunction with disorders of digestion and absorption. Increased activities of CK, ALD, LDH, alpha-HBDH, AST and ALT primarily indicated damage to skeletal muscle and/or liver. Serum CK and ALD activities as well as TRIG and TPR concentrations may serve as aids to specific diagnosis of paratuberculosis, particularly in the advanced stage of the disease.
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PMID:Experimental paratuberculosis (Johne's disease)--studies on biochemical parameters in cattle. 277 44

Three groups of 5 pigs each were fed a high selenium (Se) diet by mixing either Astragalus praelongus (31.6 ppm Se in feed), A bisulcatus (31.7 ppm Se in feed), or sodium selenate (26.6 ppm Se in feed) with commercial hog feed. Ten control pigs were fed only commercial hog chow containing trace selenium (0.44 ppm Se). Pigs were fed for 9 weeks and necropsied when they had ataxia or paralysis. Blood was collected for hematologic and serum biochemical determinations, and samples of various tissues were collected and fixed in neutral-buffered 10% formalin for histologic evaluation or frozen for determination of selenium concentration. All forms of selenium induced clinical signs of weight and hair loss, with cracked hooves and inflamed coronary bands developing in all Na2SeO4-fed pigs and 1 A praelongus-fed pig, but not in A bisulcatus-fed pigs. Serum calcium, phosphorus, and albumin concentrations were unchanged or significantly decreased from prefeeding values in groups fed selenium. Serum aspartate transaminase (AST) activities in Astragalus species-fed groups, and amylase activities and PCV in all groups of pigs fed selenium, were increased. Serum alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase activities were significantly increased in the A praelongus-fed pigs and significantly decreased in Na2SeO4-fed pigs. Terminal tissue and body fluid selenium concentrations were determined in all groups of pigs fed selenium and compared with values in control pigs. Urine and bile concentrations were increased by the greatest factor (40 to 100x), with tissue concentrations of selenium increased by a lesser factor (6 to 17x).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicosis in pigs fed selenium-accumulating Astragalus plant species or sodium selenate. 278 23

The effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta) on various serum constituents were studied following subcutaneous injection (12.5 or 125 micrograms/kg) in female Wistar rats. Protein electrophoresis and the determination of the serum concentrations of carboxypeptidase N (CPN), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aldolase, total proteins, iron, urea, creatinine, and several amino acids were performed 12, 24, and 72 hr after injection. With both doses of rhIL-1 beta, iron, albumin, CPN, and lysine were significantly decreased whereas alpha 2-globulin, urea, and creatinine were significantly increased 12 hr after administration. Iron and CPN were still low after 24 hr but returned to normal levels after 72 hr. With the higher dose of rhIL-1 beta, only alanine and phenylalanine levels were increased after 12 and 72 hr, taurine after 12 hr, and methionine after 24 hr. There were no biochemical or histological signs of hepatotoxicity. The findings indicate that rhIL-1 beta produces a reversible alteration of various biochemical plasma constituents without any apparent signs of cytotoxicity. Moreover, the decrease in CPN observed may influence the degradation of inflammatory peptides.
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PMID:Recombinant human interleukin-1 beta decreases serum carboxypeptidase N and modifies serum amino acid concentrations in rats. 278 29

We used electron microscopy (EM) to analyze 52 biopsy samples from 22 patients who were receiving long-term weekly oral doses of methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Forty-eight biopsy samples were obtained after 2-6 years of continuous treatment, and 4 samples were obtained before treatment was begun. Specimens were graded for neutral fat, secondary and tertiary lysosomes, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in hepatocytes, and for collagen in the perisinusoidal space (Disse's space). We examined the correlations between the EM findings and the light microscopic (LM) findings in the same biopsy specimens, and between the EM findings and the results of simultaneous monthly measures of aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and albumin levels, as well as history of alcohol consumption before MTX treatment and monthly assessments of clinical status during the course of treatment. The presence of collagen was minimally increased in these sequential biopsy samples, whereas fat, lysosomes, and SER were decreased. The SER decrease was statistically significant. EM findings of collagen in the space of Disse did not correlate with early fibrotic changes observed with LM. Thus, after as long as 6 years of weekly oral treatment with MTX, hepatic ultrastructural changes are minimal and are not clinically significant. The use of EM for sequential biopsy studies allows the quantitation of long-term hepatic changes that may be more limited than the impression gained after LM analysis.
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PMID:Electron microscopic analysis of sequential liver biopsy samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with light microscopic findings. 280 23


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