Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The familial occurrences of biochemical and immunological abnormalities and histocompatibility antigens were studied in 18 healthy first-degree relatives of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in two families. In each of these two families, there were two members who suffered from PBC. All relatives had normal serum aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, total cholesterol, and immunoglobulins except the two, who had a mild elevation of alkaline phosphatase without cholestasis. Autoantibodies were present in some relatives; five (28%) for antithyroglobulin antibody and antithyroid microsomal antibody, one (6%) for antimitochondrial and antinuclear antibody, and one (6%) for rheumatoid factor. Abnormalities of T or B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were detected in two (11%) relatives. Impairment of concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte transformation determined by ethidium bromide fluoroassay was found in seven (39%) relatives, although an abnormal response for phytohemagglutinin was detected in none of the relatives. The HLA haplotypes were not necessarily associated with positive autoantibodies or impaired concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte transformation in these families. These findings suggest that impairment of concanavalin A-inducible lymphocytes (mainly suppressor T cells) is one of the contributing factors in the development of PBC.
 ...
PMID:Familial primary biliary cirrhosis associated with impaired concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte transformation in relatives. Two family studies. 173 58

Forty-three patients with hematopoietic disease were treated with intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy, followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from 28 HLA-identical and 10 one to two antigen haploidentical sibling donors and autologous BMT (5 cases). Of these cases, there were 21 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 5 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 6 with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), 2 with Hodgkin's disease (HD), 8 with severe-form aplastic anemia (SAA) and 1 with thalassemia. Complications of BMT were evaluated including acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), interstitial pneumonia (IP), veno-occlusive liver disease (VOD), abnormalities of liver function (LF), and alteration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers. In thirty-three patients who were followed up for more than 3 months, we found that the incidence of moderate to severe acute GVHD (9.1%) and IP (two cases, 4.7%) were low. No VOD occurred in our series. During the follow-up period, 27 out of 35 patients (77%) had high alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, even up to 1000 U/liter; however, only one patient succumbed to a hepatitis-related complication. Previous hepatic damage from HBV infection before BMT does not appear to increase the risk of posttransplant morbidity and mortality.
 ...
PMID:Complications of bone marrow transplantation in Chinese. 232 72

To assess the clinical and prognostic implications of human leukocyte antigen B8 in corticosteroid-treated severe autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, 81 consecutive patients were tested for histocompatibility antigens on the A and B loci, treated with corticosteroids, and followed prospectively for 111 +/- 8 mo. The 47 patients with HLA-B8 were younger (38 +/- 2 yr vs. 48 +/- 2 yr; p less than 0.01), had higher serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (658 +/- 60 U/L vs. 465 +/- 49 U/L; p = 0.02) and bilirubin (7 +/- 1 mg/dl vs. 2.8 +/- 0.4 mg/dl; p = 0.003), and more commonly had histologic features of bridging necrosis, multilobular necrosis, and cirrhosis (85% vs. 56%; p less than 0.01) at presentation than the 34 patients without HLA-B8. Remission (79% vs. 71%), relapse after drug withdrawal (76% vs. 71%), treatment failure (13% vs. 6%), progression to cirrhosis (46% vs. 32%), and death from liver failure (6% vs. 3%) occurred as frequently in patients with and without HLA-B8. Importantly, HLA-B8-negative patients with HLA-A1 relapsed less frequently than HLA-B8-positive patients with and without HLA-A1- and HLA-B8-negative counterparts without HLA-A1. It is concluded that HLA-B8-positive patients are younger and have more severe disease at presentation than HLA-B8-negative patients. The HLA-B8 phenotype does not influence the response to corticosteroid therapy. HLA-B8-negative patients with HLA-A1 relapse less frequently than other phenotypes.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and prognostic implications of HLA B8 in corticosteroid-treated severe autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. 233 97

In a prospective open study 44 Israeli patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with weekly low dose methotrexate (MTX) for up to 36 months. Nine patients withdrew from the study: six because of side effects and three due to inefficacy. One patient died of septicaemia following septic arthritis. Significant improvement, graded by Ritchie articular index, grip strength, physician's global assessment, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and platelet counts, was noticed in response to treatment. Seronegative patients had a better clinical response. Transient gastrointestinal symptoms were common and correlated with increases of serum aspartate transaminase (AST). HLA-DR1 and DR7 were significantly associated with increased serum AST concentrations.
 ...
PMID:Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study in Israeli patients with immunogenetic correlations. 341 64

We have studied serum and tissue markers of viral replication in 39 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and correlated these with periportal and lobular activity in liver biopsies. HBV DNA positivity correlated with the presence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg, P less than 0.001) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels (P less than 0.005). The lobular but not the periportal inflammatory activity was significantly associated with the presence of HBV DNA (P less than 0.02) and HBeAg (P less than 0.001) and with higher AST levels. The periportal activity correlated with the periportal and lobular display of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocytes (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.002, respectively). In patients with chronic HBV infection therefore, the lobular rather than the periportal component of activity was related to viral replication. The association of display of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocytes with the inflammatory process, in patients with active viral replication, is consistent with the hypothesis that increased display of HLA type I enhances recognition of hepatocytes bearing viral proteins and allows lysis of immune cells.
 ...
PMID:Chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Viral replication and patterns of inflammatory activity: serological, clinical and histological correlations. 354 68

We measured amino acid contents in the brains of 11 patients with dominantly inherited cerebellar disorders. Despite clinical similarities, three biochemically different disorders were found. One disorder, with demonstrated HLA linkage in one pedigree, was characterized by moderate reduction of aspartate and glutamate contents in cerebellar cortex alone. In a second disorder, aspartate and glutamate contents were reduced markedly in other brain areas as well as in cerebellar cortex. Aspartate and glutamate contents were normal in cerebellar cortex in the third disorder. GABA content in cerebellar cortex and dentate nucleus was reduced in some patients with each disorder, whereas cerebellar taurine content was normal in all patients. Aspartate deficiency in cerebellar cortex did not result from lack of aspartate aminotransferase or pyruvate carboxylase activity. These amino acid abnormalities probably imply loss of specific cerebellar neurons.
 ...
PMID:Neurotransmitter amino acids in dominantly inherited cerebellar disorders. 611 Oct 44

Serum ferritin and hepatic enzyme concentrations were measured in 30 alcoholic subjects. Both the serum ferritin and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) values were raised in 23 subjects and a significant correlation was noted between the two measurements (r = 0,51; P less than 0,01). There was, however, no correlation between the initial serum ferritin concentration and the serum alanine transaminase and serum aspartate transaminase concentrations. The serum ferritin and GGT levels were followed serially during a period of abstinence in 9 subjects; values fell in parallel in all of them. The data indicate that a serum ferritin level above 300 micrograms/l is very unlikely to be the result of alcohol-induced liver damage if the serum GGT value is less than 50 U/l. The combined measurement of serum ferritin and GGT values should therefore prove useful in epidemiological studies concerned with defining the prevalence in different population groups of the HLA-linked iron-loading gene that leads to the clinical disorder of idiopathic haemochromatosis.
 ...
PMID:Effects of heavy alcohol consumption on serum ferritin concentrations. 614 24

To determine if the hepatitis viruses are important etiologic factors in autoimmune hepatitis, the clinical, immunoserologic, virologic and HLA phenotypes of 105 of the latter patients were assessed prospectively and compared to 45 patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis were more often women with higher serum aspartate aminotransferase and immunoglobulin levels than patients with viral disease. Only eight patients (8%) were seropositive for anti-HBc and anti-HBs (four patients) or anti-HCV (four patients) and none with anti-HCV were reactive by second generation immunoassay or recombinant immunoblot assay. Smooth muscle (90 vs. 22%, P < 0.001) and antinuclear (70 vs. 22%, P < 0.001) antibodies were more common in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and the titers more frequently exceeded 1:80 (84 vs. 11%, P < 0.0001). Patients with autoimmune hepatitis were more often positive for HLA B8 (48 vs. 20%, P < 0.01) and DR3 (49 vs. 20%, P < 0.003) and they more frequently had the HLA A1-B8-DR3 phenotype (38 vs. 10%, P < 0.003). Only one of the 120 patients tested for anti-LKM1 was seropositive. We conclude that in an American referral population autoimmune hepatitis usually lacks virologic markers and has a distinctive clinical, immunoserologic and HLA phenotype. Hepatitis viruses are not important immunogenic stimuli for non-organ specific antibodies and they are unlikely to be important causes of this form of autoimmune hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Evidence against hepatitis viruses as important causes of severe autoimmune hepatitis in the United States. 822 18

To assess whether demography is one of the important factors determining antibody response to nuclear antigens [ANA: SSA-Ro (52K and 60K), SSB-La, snRNPs (A, 70K, B'/B), and Cenp-B], we investigated 95 and 47 sera of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) from North America and Asia, respectively, by immunofluorescent (IF) and recombinant ELISA. Correlations among nuclear IF patterns, ELISA, and disease indices were analyzed. The frequency and titer of individual antibodies differed significantly between the groups. Patients with speckled patterns were younger in both regions and had higher aspartate aminotransferase levels only in North America. HLA-A1, B8, DQ2, and DR4 or DR3 or both in North America, and A2, B61, DQ7, and DR4 in Asia were predominant. In Asia, B61 correlated with anti-70K, and DQ7 correlated with antibodies to 52K, Cenp-B, and B'/B. In North America, A1, B8, DR3 haplotype, and DQ2 correlated with antibodies to A and 70K. Anti-B'/B and DR4 in North America, and A2 in Asia, were associated with concurrent immunologic disorder. Individual ANA clusters correlated with individual HLA in the demography, and different HLA alleles might determine disease expression as well as different ANA being produced in AIH.
 ...
PMID:Antibodies to Ro/La, Cenp-B, and snRNPs antigens in autoimmune hepatitis of North America versus Asia: patterns of immunofluorescence, ELISA reactivities, and HLA association. 963 26

The objectives of this retrospective study were to determine the prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection in hepatitis C virus positive (HCV+ve) renal transplant (RT) patients and to evaluate the impact of HGV both on liver function tests, liver histology tests and renal parameters such as the prevalence of acute rejection and renal function. Seventy-one HCV+ve renal transplant patients with a functioning graft for whom a post renal transplant liver biopsy was available, were included. Serum HGV RNA was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction before, at the time of, and after renal transplantation. A total of 21 (30%) of the HCV+ve RT patients had a positive HGV RNA (Group 1); seventeen of these patients (81%) were already HGV RNA+ve when the most recent renal transplantation was performed. The other 4 patients became HGV RNA+ve following renal transplantation. The mean duration of HGV infection was at least 119 +/- 64 months (18-240). Patients in group 1 did not statistically differ from the 50 HGV RNA-ve/HCV+ve RT patients (Group 2) according to sex ratio; time on dialysis; number of blood transfusions; HLA matching; the duration of HCV infection; duration and type of immunosuppression or levels of liver enzymes i.e. aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; serum HCV RNA concentration; or frequency of genotype 1b. However, Group 1 patients were statistically younger (41 +/- 10 y compared to 47 +/- 10 y; p = 0.016) than Group 2 patients. Liver histology showed a significantly lower degree of fibrosis in Group 1 (0.4 +/- 0.5) than in Group 2 (1 +/- 1.2; p = 0.02); two patients from Group 2 but none of Group 1 had overt cirrhosis. Conversely, the extent of hepatic inflammation and hepatocellular necrosis was not statistically different between the two groups. The number of patients who experienced at least one acute rejection episode was significantly higher in Group 1 (76.2%) than in Group 2 (46%; p = 0.02), although the difference was no longer significant in the multivariate analysis. In conclusion, this study shows that: i) HGV infection was often present when the patients seroconverted for HCV; ii) HGV RNA+ve/HCV+ve RT patients experience acute rejection more frequently than HGV RNA-ve/HCV+ve RT patients; iii) HGV infection seems to have no detrimental effect upon liver enzymes or liver histology in HCV+ve RT patients.
 ...
PMID:[Long-term consequences of co-infection by hepatitis G virus in hepatitis c virus infected kidney transplant patients]. 1041 7


1 2 Next >>