Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the decision level of liver function in the most elderly patients, we compared serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) values of the most elderly patients > 85 years with those of healthy young adults. Two hundred fifty five elderly people, aged 88-106 years and average 96.6 years(171 women, 84 men), were included in this study. Elderly people were divided into four groups according to their activities of daily living(ADL), 114 Rank-J: free living, 62 Rank-A: unable to go outside without help, 39 Rank-B: bedridden but able to sit up in bed and 40 Rank-C: completely bedridden. Serum albumin values for the most elderly patients in Rank-J were 4.2 +/- 0.3 g/dl for women and 4.0 +/- 0.3 g/dl for men, showing marked decrease from those of young healthy adults aged 19-59 years(p < 0.0001). In 22.2% of elderly women and 44.2% of elderly men, albumin values deviated from the reference interval of young adults. ALT value for the most elderly patients also showed a decrease in both sexes and AST and ALP values for the most elderly patients showed an increase in women compared with young adults. However, these were minor deviations from the reference interval for young adults. In ADL-stratified groups of the most elderly patients, serum albumin values showed marked decrease with decline in ADL, whereas AST, ALT and ALP values remained constant in both sexes regardless of ADL.
 ...
PMID:[Liver function of the most elderly patients]. 1080 30

We describe two females, 15 and 23 years old, respectively, who presented with classical features of Wilson's disease (WD) and several features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The first patient was initially diagnosed as AIH and treated with prednisolone which caused clinical improvement, with an increase of serum albumin from 22 to 30 g/L, and a decrease of aspartate aminotransferase from 103 to 47 U/L. Subsequent diagnosis of WD and introduction of penicillamine gave excellent improvement and complete normalization of liver function tests. The second patient, at first also diagnosed as having AIH, was treated with steroids and azathioprine with initial improvement, but subsequent deterioration. The diagnosis of WD was made 2 years after initial diagnosis of AIH, as the patient reached end-stage liver disease and required a transplant. Therefore, d-penicillamine treatment was not attempted. We conclude that, in patients with AIH, a thorough screening for WD is necessary, particularly when the response to steroid therapy is poor. Conversely, in patients suffering from WD with superimposed features of AIH, a combination of steroids and penicillamine may be of benefit.
 ...
PMID:Wilson's disease with superimposed autoimmune features: report of two cases and review. 1467 55

The participation of cytokines in the early stage mechanism of hepatocyte proliferation has already attracted attention. We investigated the effect of methylprednisolone (MDS), which inhibits the inflammatory response, given before and after a 70% partial hepatectomy in rats on the kinetics of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and Interleukin-6, liver cell function and the rate of liver regeneration. Serum Interleukin-6 levels of the MDS groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and hyaluronic acid levels were also significantly decreased, however, the serum albumin level showed high values in the MDS groups. In the MDS groups, MIB-5 labeling indices, a novel antibody reactive with the equivalent Ki-67 protein, which detects immunohistochemically all active parts of the cell cycle in the rat liver, were more pronounced than in the control group at an earlier time. However, in regard to 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU), there were no significant differences among the three groups. There were no differences in residual liver weight/body weight between the three groups after 336 h. In our study, MDS administration before or after a 70% partial hepatectomy decreased serum Interleukin-6 levels, and inhibited hepatic dysfunction. Therefore, we considered that beneficial effects of physiological doses of MDS in the peri-operative period should be confirmed in humans.
 ...
PMID:Effect of methylprednisolone on the kinetics of cytokines and liver function of regenerating liver in rats. 1113 81

Although there have been many studies of the risk factors for recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the subjects were patients with various viral status in the previous studies, and hepatitis C viremia has not been evaluated. We investigated risk factors, including hepatic C viremia and histologic findings of noncancerous hepatic tissue, for recurrence after resection of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC. A total of 223 patients who underwent liver resection for HCV-related HCC were studied. HCV viremia, laboratory data, degree of HCC malignancy, histologic findings in noncancerous hepatic tissue, preoperative interferon therapy, and operative methods were evaluated for recurrence risk by univariate and multivariate analyses. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin, and the proportion of patients with a high histologic activity score (mild to severe active hepatitis) were significantly higher in patients with HCV viremia than in those without viremia. Serum albumin was significantly lower in patients with HCV viremia. By univariate analysis, older age (> 65 years old), HCV viremia, elevated AST (> 40 IU/L) and ALT (> 45 IU/L), large tumors (> 40 mm), multiple HCCs, moderately or poorly differentiated HCC, portal invasion, mild to severe active hepatitis, and lack of preoperative interferon therapy were risk factors for recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that older age, HCV viremia, high AST, multiple HCCs, and portal invasion were independent risk factors. For HCV-related HCCs, not only the degree of malignancy of the HCC but also HCV viremia and active hepatitis are risk factors for recurrence.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors for recurrence after resection of hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. 1119 23

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of cirrhosis on the disposition of the haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, diaspirin cross-linked haemoglobin (DCLHb). Cirrhosis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) by inhalational exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), over a period of 6 weeks. Pharmacokinetic evaluation was performed after a single intravenous bolus administration of DCLHb (400 mg kg(-1)). Serum biochemistry, including aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bile acids, serum albumin, and serum creatinine, were measured in CCl4-treated (n = 6) and age-matched control (n = 6) rats. After 6 weeks, the jugular vein and carotid artery were cannulated for bolus DCLHb administration (400 mg kg(-1)) and blood sampling, respectively, in both groups of rats. Cirrhosis produced significant (P < 0.05) elevations in alkaline phosphatase (497.4 +/- 84.8 U L(-1) vs 241.2 +/- 5.1 U L(-1)), aspartate transaminase (920.5 +/- 190.9 U L(-1) vs 238.2 +/- 118.1 U L(-1)) and bile acids (333.8 +/- 77.3 mg dL(-1) vs 43.8 +/- 4.2 mg dL(-1)) compared with the control group. No significant renal dysfunction was observed as a result of CCl4 exposure. Plasma DCLHb concentrations declined approximately log-linearly. Systemic clearance of DCLHb was estimated to be 2.2 +/- 0.7 mL h(-1) in the treatment group and was slightly, but not significantly, less in the control group (3.6 +/- 1.7 mL h(-1)). There was also a trend toward a longer elimination half-life in the treatment group (4.7 +/- 2.2 h) compared with the control group (3.8 +/- 0.8 h), although this difference was not statistically significant. Cirrhosis does not significantly alter the disposition of DCLHb perhaps due to increased extra-hepatic metabolism by the reticulo-endothelial system.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacokinetics of diaspirin cross-linked haemoglobin in a rat model of hepatic cirrhosis. 1127 13

The early identification of patients at high risk of developing posttraumatic organ failure would allow preventive therapies to be studied. In this study, highly sensitive and specific guidelines for the early prediction of posttraumatic organ failure (OF) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) using cell-free (plasma) DNA and other predictors of posttraumatic complications were derived. As plasma DNA increases after injury and may be used to predict acute lung injury (ALI), we hypothesized that in combination with other predictors it would predict the later development of OF and MODS. Eighty-three patients (69 males; median age, 36 years) were studied as a consequence of major trauma within 3.5 hours of injury (median time to sampling and assessment, 60 min). Plasma DNA was measured using a real-time, quantitative, polymerase chain reaction assay for the beta-globin gene. OF and MODS occurred in 20/83 (24%) and 9/79 (11%) cases, respectively. At selected cutoff points, the sensitivity of plasma DNA for predicting OF and MODS ranged from 50% to 100%, specificity ranged from 74% to 95%, and the likelihood ratio ranged from 3.89 to 10.50. Other variables studied included serum albumin, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, leukocyte count, hematocrit, injury severity score, maximal abbreviated injury score, and shock index. Using a classification and regression tree, plasma DNA and aspartate transaminase at optimal cutoffs predicted OF and MODS with an overall correct classification of 93% and 87%, respectively.
 ...
PMID:Derivation of a prediction rule for posttraumatic organ failure using plasma DNA and other variables. 1170 81

Aphanamixis polystachya is a traditional medicinal plant of the Meliaceae family in India. A crude ethanolic extract of the leaf of this plant shows a beneficial effect on toxic liver injury. Its antihepatotoxic activity was evaluated on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in a rat model. The assessment of hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by measuring the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum total bilirubin and albumin and histology of the liver. The crude leaf extract significantly inhibits the enhanced ASAT, ALAT, ALP, ACP and LDH activities released from the CCl4-intoxicated animals. It also ameliorated the depressed value of serum albumin and the enhanced value of total bilirubin in plasma caused by CCl4 intoxication. The study showed that the crude ethanolic extract from A. polystachya leaves provided protection against acute carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage.
 ...
PMID:Role of plant metabolites in toxic liver injury. 1189 Jun 39

Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient that is required in humans and animals for many physiological functions, including immune and antioxidant function, growth and reproduction. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of adequate Zn level (38 mg/kg diet, as a control) and two low levels that create Zn deficiencies (19 mg/kg diet, 1/2 of the control and 3.8 mg/kg diet, 1/10 of the control) in growing male and female rats for 10 weeks. To evaluate the effects of these levels, the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), biochemical parameters and protein pattern were studied. Lipid peroxidation in liver, brain and testes of rats fed Zn-deficient diet was indicated by increased TBARS. Serum, liver, brain and testes glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly (P<0.05) increased in Zn-deficient rats, the effect was pronounced in rats fed the lowest level of Zn (1/10 of control). The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly (P<0.05) increased in liver, brain and testes, but decreased in serum in a dose-dependent manner. Zinc deficiency increased (P<0.05) liver aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in a dose-dependent manner, while there was no effect on the activity of these enzymes in testes. Zinc deficiency resulted in a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AlP) in serum and liver in a dose-dependent manner, but no effect in testes was found. The activity of acid phosphatase (AcP) was not affected in serum, liver and testes. Zn-deficient rats had higher liver concentrations of total lipids (TL), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein (LDL), while high density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly (P<0.05) declined in a dose-dependent manner. Brain and serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were, however, not affected (P<0.05) by Zn deficiency. Protein content in liver, brain and testes showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in rats fed the lowest level of Zn (1/10 of control). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE) of serum proteins revealed that the intensity of immunoglobulins, serum albumin as well as several peptide bands were decreased in rats fed 1/2 or 1/10 of Zn adequate, i.e. their synthesis was affected and it was pronounced with the lowest level of Zn deficiency (1/10 of control). However, no clear effect on the transferrin was observed in both cases compared to controls. From the results of this study it can be concluded that Zn deficiency exerts numerous alterations in the studied biochemical parameters, protein pattern, and increased lipid peroxidation.
 ...
PMID:Dietary zinc deficiency induced-changes in the activity of enzymes and the levels of free radicals, lipids and protein electrophoretic behavior in growing rats. 1204 50

The biochemical and toxicological effects of occupational and dietary exposure of humans to cyanide poisoning from large-scale cassava processing and ingestion of cassava foods were investigated using spectrophotometric and enzymatic methods. Analysis of urinary and serum thiocyanate (cyanide metabolite) from workers in cassava processing industries, who were 'frequent' [those who eat cassava food(s) at least once a day] and 'infrequent' [those who eat cassava food(s) only occasionally] consumers of cassava-based diets, was carried out with the aid of questionnaries. The mean urinary thiocyanate level of the cassava processors (mean+/-S.D.; 153.50+/-25.21 micromo1/l) was 2.2 and 2.6 times higher than that of frequent (70.1+/-21.8 micromo1/l) and infrequent (mean+/-S.D.; 59.30+/-17.0 micromo1/l) cassava consumers, respectively. The mean serum thiocyanate levels rose to 126.73+/-12.4 micromo1/l for the former and 68.4+/-18.3 and 54.7+/-13.2 micromo1/l, respectively, for the latter. An increase in plasma activity by 10% above normal of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was observed in 40% of the cassava processors, whereas it was within normal range in all consumers. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALK.PHOS) were within the normal value in all cases studied. The blood glucose level of 50% of the cassava processors was 100 mg/ml or above while that of the consumers was in the range of 68-85 mg/100 ml. The total protein, serum albumin and creatinine levels were in the range for normal values for the processors and consumers. The health implications of these findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Occupational and dietary exposures of humans to cyanide poisoning from large-scale cassava processing and ingestion of cassava foods. 1206 22

Metastatic carcinomas are the largest group of malignant tumors of the liver. But parenchymal liver metastasis from cystic ovarian adenocarcinoma is very rare. We report a case in which the resection of metastatic liver neoplasm from ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma was done 7 yr after initial treatment. A 48-yr-old oriental housewife complained of easy fatigability and right lower quadrant discomfort. The hepatic mass was detected by ultrasonographic examination. Serum albumin, bilirubin, and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase were normal. Alkaline phosphatase level was slightly increased at 146 IU/L. A tumor marker study showed alpha-fetoprotein 0.97 IU/mL, carcinoembryonic antigen 0.965 ng/mL, cancer antigen 125 1,267 ng/mL and CA 19-9 106.1 ng/mL. The operation involved cholecystectomy and segmentectomy VI and VII of the liver. The patient recovered from the surgery without any complication. On the 10th postoperative day, the patient received a single-regimen chemotherapy with paclitaxel (Taxol, 155 mg/m(2) BSA) and was discharged. She has been carefully followed-up without any evidence of recurrence after completion of the remaining 5 cycles of chemo-therapy, at intervals of three weeks.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic resection of metastatic tumor from serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. 1206 51


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>