Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study set out to examine the relative effectiveness and tolerability of 12- versus 24-week courses of thrice weekly intramuscular lymphoblastoid interferon in the treatment of hepatitis B 'e' antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and to identify pretreatment factors predicting the outcome of therapy. Twenty patients were randomised to each treatment group. Treatment was associated with clearance of HBeAg and HBV-DNA in 59% of the 32 male patients, whereas none of the eight women responded (48% overall response rate). This response rate in males is at least three times the recorded spontaneous seroconversion rates in this population. Most of the women (5/8) were of Oriental origin and had minimal disease, factors that may have influenced response. The longer course was poorly tolerated and was therefore no more effective: eight of 20 patients withdrew because of side-effects. Variables associated with response included high AST (aspartate transaminase), short duration of disease and previous history of acute hepatitis. A response to antiviral therapy was accompanied by clinical and biochemical evidence of improvement in liver disease.
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PMID:Lymphoblastoid interferon therapy of chronic HBV infection. A comparison of 12 vs. 24 weeks of thrice weekly treatment. 365 10

We measured the activity of carnosinase, a prominent hepatic peptidase, in sera from 69 patients with liver disorders. Mean values (and SDs) for those with liver cirrhosis (17 cases) and hepatoma (seven cases) were 0.51 (0.28) and 0.68 (0.21) mumol/mL per hour, respectively--clearly less than for normal adults: 4.19 (0.95) mumol/mL per hour. Samples from 17 cases of chronic hepatitis also showed moderately decreased activity, 1.41 (0.97) mumol/mL per hour. In contrast, 14 cases of acute hepatitis generally showed values falling within the normal limits: 3.41 (1.97) mumol/mL per hour. Our results for carnosinase correlated with those for cholinesterase (r = 0.70) and with the concentration of albumin in serum (r = 0.59), but not with the activity of either creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, or alanine aminotransferase in serum. Carnosinase values differed more among groups of disorders than did the values for cholinesterase or albumin. Measurement of serum carnosinase activity may be of clinical value in assessing the severity of chronic liver-cell damage, but not in differentiating liver disease from nutritional, muscle, or endocrine disorders.
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PMID:Decreased activity of carnosinase in serum of patients with chronic liver disorders. 373 53

The characteristics of 86 patients with acute non-A, non-B hepatitis were compared to 23 patients with acute hepatitis A and 76 with acute hepatitis B by medical record reviews of patients seen at 5 hospitals in Baltimore, Maryland, as part of case-control study of viral hepatitis. Results of serum aminotransferase levels, bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin times alone could not distinguish the type of viral hepatitis because of extensive overlap. The alanine aminotransferase range for non-A, non-B hepatitis was 56 to 1819 IU/liters, for hepatitis A 250 to 1995 IU/liters, and for hepatitis B 203 to 2120 IU/liters. The ranges of aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin for the types of hepatitis also overlapped. Fewer patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis or hepatitis A had a prolonged prothrombin time compared to patients with hepatitis B. Hepatic encephalopathy was seen only in two patients with hepatitis B. Forty-two percent of non-A, non-B hepatitis patients followed for 6 months or longer continued to have elevated alanine aminotransferase levels. Chronic alanine aminotransferase elevation was independent of the source of infection: transfusion, parenteral drug use, or all other sources. Prolonged follow-up is necessary to evaluate chronicity in patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis.
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PMID:Community-acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis: clinical characteristics and chronicity. 642 May 13

Serum thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone binding were sequentially measured in 20 patients with acute hepatitis B infection. Criteria to select patients consisted of a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen, aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT) concentration greater than 400 U/L during the acute illness, and available serum specimens after recovery. The mean serum thyroxine (T4) concentration (+/- SE) was 12.5 +/- 0.6 microgram/dL during acute infection and 7.4 +/- 0.3 microgram/dL after recovery (p less than 0.001), whereas mean free T4 index values did not significantly differ. The mean serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration was significantly increased (p less than 0.001) during acute illness and accounted for the reversible of serum and the increased serum T4 concentrations. The rise in serum TBG correlated with the rise in AsAT during the acute illness (p less than 0.04) suggesting nonspecific release of these proteins from injured hepatocytes. The mean free triiodothyronine (T3) index was decreased during acute hepatitis (p less than 0.001) and returned to normal after recovery, indicating that acute hepatitis B infection, like other nonthyroidal illnesses, is associated with decreased T4 to T3 conversion in peripheral tissues.
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PMID:Thyroid function tests in patients with acute and resolved hepatitis B virus infection. 680 52

Serum activity of glutathione reductase (GR), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) phosphate alkaline (PAL), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was studied in 142 patients, in all serum bilirubin was more than 2 mg/dl. Distribution was as follows; 68 cirrhosis of the liver; 27 acute hepatitis; 31 benign extra-hepatic biliary obstruction; and 16 neoplastic obstruction of the biliary tract without liver metastasis. Fifty-three healthy volunteer blood donors were used as the control group. Mean values for GR activity in our patients were significantly higher than those for the control group, although less so in benign obstruction (p less than 0.01) than in those with acute hepatitis (p less than 0.001), cirrhosis (p less than 0.01) and neoplasic biliary obstruction (p less than 0.001). The GPI values were higher than the control groups in patients with acute hepatitis (p less than 0.001) and obstructive neoplastic jaundice (p less than 0.02). In cases with cirrhosis, 87% presented slightly higher values of GR, while GPI was within normal levels in 93 % of all cases. In patients with acute hepatitis, 92% showed a definite increase in GPI and GR values. In 71% of those with benign biliary obstruction levels for both enzymes were normal, as they were in only 6% of those with obstructive neoplastic jaundice. These findings are statistically significant in all cases and of diagnostic value in establishing a differential enzymatic diagnosis in patients presenting with clinical and biological patterns of cholestasis.
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PMID:[Determination of serum activity of glucose phosphate isomerase and glutathione reductase in intra and extra hepatic cholestasis.(author's transl)]. 732 37

We report a case of acute hepatitis in a 28-year-old male with acquired rubella infection. Serological tests revealed acute rubella virus infection and ruled out infection by other common viruses, including type A and type B hepatitis viruses. The patient showed not only marked increase of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, with only slight liver dysfunction, but also platelet and kidney injury, suggesting systemic rubella virus infection. Because the liver dysfunction was slight, liver biopsy was not performed. When a patient has mild, transient hepatitis accompanied by high LDH activity in comparison with both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, we should take a common viral infection such as rubella into consideration when making a diagnosis.
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PMID:Acute hepatitis in an adult with acquired rubella infection. 755 Aug 69

The pharmacokinetic behavior of glycyrrhizin in four patients with acute hepatitis (hepatitis group) and six patients with liver cirrhosis (cirrhosis group) receiving chronically an IV administration of a 120 mg dose once a day or once every other day of glycyrrhizin was investigated. The plasma concentration of glycyrrhizin declined monoexponentially in both groups. The elimination half-life (t1/2) for glycyrrhizin in the hepatitis and cirrhosis groups varied significantly in the range of 2.7-7.6 h and 6.2-40.1 h, and the total body clearance (CLtot) in the range of 2.8-23.2 mL h-1 kg-1 and 1.4-12.9 mL h-1 kg-1, respectively. The t1/2 for glycyrrhizin in the hepatitis and the cirrhosis groups was about twice and eight times that in normal subjects, respectively, as reported previously, and CLtot values were about 0.7 and 0.23 times that in normal subjects, respectively. There was significant correlation between the CLtot and hepatic function (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum) in both patient groups. With improvement of the liver function, the CLtot for glycyrrhizin increased from 2.8 ml h-1 kg-1 to 11.4 mL h-1 kg-1, and the t1/2 shortened from 7.6 h to 3.4 h. These findings indicated that the variation of pharmacokinetic behaviour of glycyrrhizin in both groups was closely related to the extent of the liver function.
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PMID:The relationship between pharmacokinetic behaviour of glycyrrhizin and hepatic function in patients with acute hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. 771 Dec 80

Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats that develop spontaneous hepatitis due to an inherently abnormal Cu metabolism have recently been established. This investigation concerns the effects of a Cu-deficient diet on the Cu metabolism linked to hepatic injury in LEC rats. The hepatic Cu concentration at 30 days after birth was 94 +/- 4 Cu micrograms/g liver in LEC rats, whereas that of Fischer rats at the same age was 7 +/- 1 Cu micrograms/g. From 30 days after birth, all rats were fed a semisynthetic diet with two different levels of Cu, 0.5 or 30 micrograms/g food, for 35 days. In LEC rats fed a Cu-deficient diet (0.5 microgram/g), the hepatic Cu concentration was 39 +/- 7 micrograms/g. The Cu-normal diet (30 micrograms/g) LEC group had a concentration of 357 +/- 15 micrograms/g in the hepatic Cu. The group had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels than did the LEC rats given the Cu-deficient diet. These results suggest that the occurrence of acute hepatitis in LEC rats can be prevented by feeding the animals a Cu-deficient diet.
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PMID:A copper deficient diet prevents hepatic copper accumulation and dysfunction in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats with an abnormal copper metabolism and hereditary hepatitis. 771 63

We developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) protein, and examined serum OCT concentrations in patients with various liver diseases. OCT concentrations were markedly elevated in cases of hepatic encephalopathy, 'acute on chronic', and those with the acute phase of acute hepatitis, moderately in chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, primary biliary cirrhosis, and slightly in those with a fatty liver. High percentages (92-98%) of patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma had higher than normal concentrations of serum OCT protein. There was a close correlation with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and moderate correlations with those of mitochondrial AST, glutamate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. The OCT/ALT ratio was higher in patients with liver cirrhosis than in those with chronic hepatitis (p < 0.001), and was still higher in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (p < 0.05). In 2 patients with 'acute on chronic' disease, OCT concentrations decreased similarly with or more rapidly than AST or ALT activities after admission. In 2 patients with hepatic encephalopathy, the OCT concentrations changed similarly with AST and ALT activities. This OCT ELISA system will aid in diagnosing various liver diseases and in the follow-up of the patients, and the OCT/ALT ratio may serve for a differential diagnosis of liver diseases.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in patients with liver diseases. 778 67

The authors measured immunoenzymatically circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) concentration in 135 patients with liver disease of either viral or toxic etiology: 13 had acute hepatitis; 58 had mild chronic liver disease; and 64 had cirrhosis (superimposed in 30 by hepatocellular carcinoma). Forty patients with extrahepatic diseases (19 with malignancies) and 28 healthy blood donors were tested as controls. One-way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant variability of cICAM-1 concentration among groups (F = 76.67, P < .0001), the highest value being recorded in acute hepatitis (Bonferroni's test for pairwise comparisons, P < .01). Total bilirubin showed a strong correlation with cICAM-1 (R = 0.766, P < .001). By stepwise multiple regression analysis the independent predictors of cICAM-1 concentration were chosen in the following order: total bilirubin; aspartate aminotransferase; cholinesterase; alpha-1-antitrypsin; and immunoglobulins. Thus, in addition to inflammation, cholestasis and decline of functioning hepatic mass may influence cICAM-1 concentration.
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PMID:Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) concentration in liver disease. Relationship with cholestasis and functioning hepatic mass. 794 24


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