Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase activity (mAST) and of the mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase/total aspartate aminotransferase ratio (mAST/t AST) as markers of chronic alcoholism in cirrhotic patients. Sixty-three hospitalized cirrhotic patients (35 drinkers, 28 abstainers) were investigated. Ninety-six per cent of abstainers had normal values of mAST activity, while 89 per cent of drinkers had high levels of mAST activity. Cirrhotic patients were better divided into drinkers and abstainers by mAST activity (92 per cent) than by mean globular corpuscular volume (MCV) (81 per cent, NS) or by gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (GGT) (75 per cent, P less than 0.01). When the hospital costs of these markers were taken into account, MCV had a better "quality/price" ratio (Q/P) defined as diagnostic value/mean hospital cost (Q/P = 2.5) than MCV plus GGT (diagnostic value 61 per cent, Q/P = 1.2). The measurement of mAST activity in patients with high MCV value or with discrepancy between MCV and GGT values increased the diagnostic value of the other laboratory measurement to 89 per cent, but at a higher cost (Q/P = 0.8). Mitochondrial AST activity is a sensitive and specific marker of chronic alcoholism in cirrhotic patients. However, owing to its high cost, it should be proposed as a second marker after MCV and GGT.
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PMID:[Role of the serum level of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase as marker of alcoholic intoxication in cirrhotic patients]. 256 11

The following 10 enzymes were assayed in 187 amniotic fluid and maternal serum samples at 15-42 weeks of gestation: alkaline phosphatase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (only in amniotic fluid), acid phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alpha-amylase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lysozyme. The normal reference ranges are reported for amniotic fluid and maternal serum enzymes, together with the abnormal values accompanying neural tube defects and EPH-gestosis. The determination of gamma-glutamyltransferase, heat-stable alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase was found to be of appreciable diagnostic significance in clinical practice.
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PMID:Variation in some enzymes in amniotic fluid and maternal serum during pregnancy. 256 24

Sporidesmin, a hepatotoxin from Pithomyces chartarum, is responsible for facial eczema in ruminants. In an attempt to clarify the biochemical processes supporting sporidesmin toxicity and response of the liver, haematology, plasma biochemistry and liver enzyme changes were monitored for 21 days in a model for facial eczema resulting from a single intraperitoneal injection of 2.8 mg/kg BW sporidesmin to guinea pigs. Most plasma disturbances were observed 8 days after administration and accounted for starvation, liver cytolysis, and cholestasis or liver enzyme induction. Alterations of hepatic enzyme activities were intense with a maximum increase on days 2 for alkaline phosphatases (ALP) and 8 for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and a maximum decrease on day 21 for aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT). Comparison of liver and plasma enzyme changes indicates that GGT was the most reliable and significant plasma indicator of sporidesmin-associated liver alterations. Moreover, this study points out the validity of the one-dose intoxicated guinea-pig model for research on sporidesmin biochemical toxicity and pathobiology of facial eczema.
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PMID:Liver enzyme changes in a guinea-pig model of facial eczema (sporidesmiotoxicosis). 257 Jun 91

The reference values for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alkaline phosphatase (AFOS) activities in serum have been produced on the basis of measurements done in the Mini-Finland Health Survey. A representative sample of all Finns aged 30 years or over comprised 8000 persons, of whom 99.2% participated in the actual health survey. Every effort was made to obtain reference values for the healthy ambulatory population. Three separate health-derived selection criteria were used to obtain such reference values for the above-mentioned enzymes: those based on the available literature, with minor modifications, the recommendations published by the Committee on Reference Values of the Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology, criteria that were obtained after subgroup comparisons of the obtained data, where all the factors affecting the enzyme levels were identified. The recommendations of the Expert Panel on Theory of Reference Values (1987) were strictly adhered to in the statistical analyses. The distribution of the serum activity of GT was very skewed. The overall intervals for men and women were 5.1-1460 and 4.7-748 U/l, respectively. The frequency distributions could be transformed to the normal ones logarithmically. The 95% inner reference intervals for GT in the three groups were 7-76, 7-65, and 8-57 U/l for men and 6-35, 6-30 and 6-32 U/l for women, respectively. For ASAT the full intervals of the enzyme levels in serum were 2.6-770 U/l for men and 8.3-172 U/l for women. After logarithmic transformation the respective reference intervals in the three selection groups were 14-42, 14-40 and 13-39 U/l for men and 13-33, 12-31 and 13-33 U/l for women. The full intervals of AFOS were 47.5-2755 and 5.4-816 U/l for men and women, respectively; after the logarithmic transformation the reference intervals of the three selection groups were 98-267, 97-254 and 97-264 U/l for men and 77-265, 75-231 and 75-250 U/l for women, respectively.
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PMID:Health-based reference values of the Mini-Finland Health Survey: 1. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. 257 84

Serum levels of F protein, a 44 kD cytoplasmic protein mainly found in hepatocytes, became elevated during episodes of graft dysfunction following orthotopic liver transplantation. In a study of 27 liver transplant recipients, the rise in F protein did not precede rises in the other conventional biochemical indices of hepatic dysfunction. Serum F protein concentration significantly correlated with serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin (all P less than 0.001) and also with the prothrombin time (P = 0.048). Despite its high concentration in liver cells, this marker does not provide any additional benefit in the diagnosis of graft dysfunction or in monitoring liver allograft function following transplantation.
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PMID:Serum F protein estimation in liver allograft recipients with graft dysfunction. 259 89

Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the blood serum of women taking the oral contraceptive preparation Microgynon through extended periods were raised; the activity of cholinesterase was simultaneously reduced. In rats liver homogenates ethynylestradiol, one of the active components of Microgynon, acted as an inducer of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase while leaving aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase unaffected, but reduced the level of cholinesterase. Norgestrel, the other active component of the preparation, suppressed the biosynthesis of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase while leaving aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and cholinesterase levels unaffected. A mixture of ethynylestradiol plus norgestrel in the mass proportion occurring in Microgynon produced the same effects upon gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase as ethynylestradiol alone. Estradiol, the parent hormone of ethynylestradiol, lacked the inducing capability of the latter while ethynylpropargyl chloride induced gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase so it was concluded the inducing effect of ethynylestradiol must be ascribed to the ethynyl radical. Progesterone, the parent of norgestrel, shared the latter's suppressive activity for gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase biosynthesis, and behaved like its derivative towards the other enzymes.
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PMID:Changes of activities of some transferases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase in the blood of women using oral contraceptives and in vitro influence of these agents on tissular enzyme levels in rat liver. 260 59

Ten male Holstein-Friesian calves naturally infected by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis were experimentally re-infected orally at an average of 17 days. Monthly measurements were conduced of the following activities, in the period between post infection days 160 and 400: total protein (TPR), albumin (ALB), cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TRIG), Zn and Cu concentrations as well as sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH), gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase and fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase (ALD). TPR, ALB, TRIG, and CHOL were reduced by day 400, in conjunction with disorders of digestion and absorption. Increased activities of CK, ALD, LDH, alpha-HBDH, AST and ALT primarily indicated damage to skeletal muscle and/or liver. Serum CK and ALD activities as well as TRIG and TPR concentrations may serve as aids to specific diagnosis of paratuberculosis, particularly in the advanced stage of the disease.
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PMID:Experimental paratuberculosis (Johne's disease)--studies on biochemical parameters in cattle. 277 44

The high-Mr isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (AP, EC 3.1.3.1), a highly sensitive index to cholestasis, was measured by liquid chromatography in 45 patients with cystic fibrosis. Results of serum tests for liver dysfunction--including gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total AP, bilirubin, and bile acids--were compared with those for high-Mr AP. Values for high-Mr AP were increased in 44.4% of our patient population, with activities ranging from 0.4 to 17.3 U/L. The upper limit in the control group was 2.5 U/L. We find increased high-Mr AP to be a more sensitive indicator of liver dysfunction in patients with cystic fibrosis than are other tests.
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PMID:High-molecular-mass ("biliary") isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase and the diagnosis of liver dysfunction in cystic fibrosis. 277 12

Activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT) and alanine aminotransferase was determined repeatedly for 5-10 days in the blood serum of patients with Stage I-II alcoholism (n-63) and healthy subjects (n-31). Alcoholism was associated with an elevated activity of GGT and AsAT and its dynamic fluctuations in both directions due to a change in the status of the test subject. It is stated that alcoholism in the considered enzymological manifestations is a pathogenetically unstable state. The authors recommend including the measurement of these enzymes into the complex of measures for alcoholism diagnosis.
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PMID:[Enzyme diagnostic criteria of alcoholism]. 286 8

A cross-sectional study was performed to define patients at risk of developing liver disease due to long-term treatment with anticonvulsive drugs. The activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase and the concentrations of primidone, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and valproic acid in serum were estimated. Epileptic children before therapy were used as controls. The results indicated enzyme induction due to phenobarbital and both enzyme induction and liver cell damage or plasma membrane leakage due to phenytoin. Gamma-glutamyltransferase may be an early indicator of liver disease due to valproic acid.
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PMID:Effects of anticonvulsive drugs on the activity of gammaglutamyltransferase and aminotransferases in serum. 287 3


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