Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven healthy men volunteers received 6.6 +/- 1.3 (SD) percent-hours of halothane oxygen anesthesia without surgery. Serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase significantly increased after anesthesia, which may indicate subclinical liver-cell damage. Creatine kinase of skeletal muscle origin increased above 90 U/liter in six subjects, indicating subclinical muscle-cell damage. Cortisol, triiodothyronine uptake, thyroxine, and free thyroxine index increased significantly immediately after anesthesia. Serum bromide concentrations had increased by fivefold on the second day after anesthesia, and on the ninth day was still elevated fourfold. Oral temperatures increased 0.7 degrees C 6 h post-anesthesia, possibly because of increased thyroxine activity. Lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities did not change significantly. No drugs administered during the course of this study chemically interfered with any of the test methods used.
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PMID:Effect of halothane anesthesia on muscle, liver, thyroid, and adrenal-function tests in man. 0 91

The serum concentration of bilirubin and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT, GOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, GPT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), total amylase and pancreatic isoamylase have been determined in serum of 182 male chronic alcoholics. Twelve per cent had abnormally high levels of bilirubin, 73% increased activity of S-ASAT, 50% increased S-ALAT, and 69% increased S-GT. The highest values were often found after 5-20 years of well documented alcoholism. Some patients with alcoholism of more than 20 years' duration displayed a slight tendency towards normalization of the activities. For all parameters the scatter around the mean was greater in the patients than in the controls. Patients who had had attacks of delirium showed slightly higher S-ASAT and S-ALAT than other alcoholics. Determination of S-ALAT and S-bilirubin did not add to the cases with abnormal laboratory tests demonstrated by the combination of S-ASAT and S-GT. In 14 patients the above mentioned parameters were within normal limits, even though severe alcoholism had lasted for many years. Isoamylase determination disclosed 20% to have decreased activity of pancreatic isoamylases in serum, whereas only 6% had low total serum amylase activity.
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PMID:Amylase, hepatic enzymes and bilirubin in serum of chronic alcoholics. 1 9

We report the intermediate-term effects of three consecutive evenings of moderate ethanol ingestion (0.75 g/kg body weight each evening) on activity values for alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in sera of nine apparently healthy young adults. We define "intermediate-term" effects as those occurring between 10 h and 100 h after completion of the ethanol consumption schedule. The most pronounced changes in enzyme activity for the group of volunteers were: gamma-glutamyltransferase, +25% at 60 h after ethanol ingestion; alanine aminotransferase, +12% at 60 h after ethanol; and aspartate aminotransferase,--12% at 60 h after ethanol. All three enzymes exhibited similar time courses, i.e., mean peak activity changes were observed at 60 h, and all three mean enzyme activity values returned to near baseline by 100 h. The possible explanations for the observed changes and the clinical significance are discussed.
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PMID:The effects of ethanol (0.75 g/kg body weight) on the activities of selected enzymes in sera of healthy young adults: 1. Intermediate-term effects. 1 40

Using rats, we studied how best to assess hepatic damage after administering therapeutic doses of each of five anti-cancer drugs or of the hepatotoxin, carbon tetrachloride. As indexes, we compared measurement of the concentration of administered antipyrine in plasma with measurement in serum of alpha-fetoprotein or of the activities of five enzymes that reportedly best reflect hepatic damage. The biological half-life of antipyrine in the plasma was increased more than threefold on pretreating the rats with any of the five cytotoxic drugs or with carbon tetrachloride. In contrast, the concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, or glutamate dehydrogenase were not consistently increased. Of the enzymes tested in serum, aspartate aminotransferase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase best indicated hepatic impairment resulting from the treatment with anti-cancer drugs. Our results imply that determination of the pharmacokinetics of marker drugs such as antipyrine better indicates hepatic dysfunction induced by cytotoxic agents than does measurement of the enzymes liberated into serum as a result of damage to liver mitochondria.
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PMID:Hepatic function assessed (in rats) during chemotherapy with some anti-cancer drugs. 8 82

We used the previously described [Clin. Chem. 19, 1114 (1973)] and evaluated [Clin. Chem. 19, 1122 (1973)] computer-controlled instrument system for sequential chemical testing to select and perform tests of hepatic status, to aid the clinician in the diagnosis of liver disease. Results for total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase obtained from the continuous-flow analysis (SMA 12/60) admission screen were used by the instrument system to determine selectively the values for gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and total and direct bilirubin. Kit methods for the latter four tests were evaluated on the system; results were similar to manual procedures. A software, enzymatic ratemeter was found to be better than the previously described hardware ratemeter. The follow-up tests of serum prescribed by the system are compared to clinician-prescribed follow-up tests and discharge diagnoses. In 10 of 19 cases, the system and clinician ordered similar follow-up tests; in three cases follow-up differed, and in six cases, the system ordered follow-up tests and the clinician ordered none.
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PMID:Computer-controlled instrument system for sequential chemical testing III. Application to liver assessment. 34 61

The serum levels of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), and pancreatic isoamylase were determined in 156 alcohol addicts during the first 9 days upon initiation of alcohol abstinence. During this period decreasing activities were recorded for S-bilirubin and S-ASAT but patients possessing moderatly increased serum activity of GT showed no decrease. Increased activities of S-ASAT and S-GT were still frequently seen at the end of the observation period. For S-pancreatic isoamylase, both decreases and increases from initial activities were frequently found. In patients with low activities initially, the S-pancreatic isoamylase activity increased during the observation period and thus, pathologically increased activities were recorded more often 9 days after alcohol withdrawal than on arrival at the hospital.
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PMID:Changes in amylase, hepatic enzymes and bilirubin in serum upon initiation of alcohol abstinence. 43 72

The serum concentration of ethanol and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT) in 40 male chronic alcoholics were determined on admission to hospital. The serum activities of the enzymes were highest in patients with established alcoholism for less than 5 years. The serum concentration of ethanol, however, was lowest among these patients and gradually increased with the duration of alcoholism. No correlation was found between the serum ethanol level and the activity of any of the enzymes. The duration of the current debauch, which was shortest in cases of long-standing alcoholism, showed a positive correlation with the S-GT activity.
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PMID:Serum ethanol, hepatic enzymes and length of debauch in chronic alcoholics. 43 73

The urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid, a catabolite of glucuronic acid, is considered to be a reliable index of the state of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. Because enzyme activity may be altered in liver disease, we examined the effect of liver disease on the excretion of this metabolite and its correlation with liver function tests. We studied 89 patients with nonhemolytic jaundice, 39 with viral hepatitis, 33 with obstructive jaundice, six with cirrhosis, and 11 patients with jaundice of mixed etiology. Glucaric acid excretion was significantly increased in all these patients as compared to controls, most pronounced in the obstructive jaundice group. No correlation was found between glucaric acid excretion and concentrations of bilirubin, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, or gamma-glutamyltransferase in serum, even though the concentrations of these analytes did vary with the type of liver disease. We suggest that this increase in glucaric acid excretion is an indication of normal or even increased glucuronidation (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity), which occurs in liver disease.
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PMID:Increased D-glucaric acid excretion by jaundiced patients. 69 85

The critical difference, which may help to judge whether the difference between two consecutive analytical results may be safely ascribed to natural variation or not, was calculated for 12 clinical chemical components determined in blood samples collected once a week for 5 consecutive weeks from 19 clinically healthy Red Danish dairy cows. For each clinical chemical component, the total variance of the analytical results was divided into the component of variance between cows (S2Inter), the component of variance for weeks within cows (S2Intra) and the component of variance for measurements (S2Anal) using nested analysis of variance. The critical difference calculated in absolute values from S2Intra and S2Anal was 0.15 mu kat per 1 for alanine aminotransferase, 0.55 mu kat per 1 for aspartate aminotransferase, 0.57 mu kat per 1 for alkaline phosphatase, 0.14 mu kat per 1 for gamma-glutamyltransferase, 1.95 mu kat per 1 for creatine kinase, 2.23 mmol per 1 for urea, 22 mu mol per 1 for creatinine, 2.4 g per 1 for albumin, 10.0 g per 1 for serum protein Total, 0.71 mmol per 1 for glucose, 0.54 mmol per 1 for calcium and 0.25 mmol per 1 for magnesium. These critical differences may be used as guidelines to evaluate the difference between two consecutive analytical results in cows. However, the analytical results should not be assessed by the critical differences alone, but should also be compared with the corresponding reference intervals.
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PMID:Critical differences of clinical chemical components in blood from Red Danish dairy cows based on weekly measurements. 129 85

Sera from 209 dialysis patients were tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by a 2nd generation enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA 2) using nonstructural and core antigens. Confirmation of reactivity was obtained by a 2nd generation immunoblot assay (RIBA 2) for antibodies to 4 separate antigens (5-1-1, c100-3, c33c, c22-3). ELISA 2 was positive in 99 sera, 95 of which were confirmed by RIBA 2, thus accounting for an anti-HCV prevalence of 45.5%. Anti-HCV positivity was correlated to longer duration of dialysis therapy (p less than 0.001), higher number of transfusions (p less than 0.001), history of kidney transplant (p less than 0.001) and of serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (AST/ALT; p less than 0.001) or gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (p less than 0.001) increments. The most frequent RIBA 2 patterns were: reactivity to all 4 antigens (34 patients) and to c33c and c22-3 (45 patients). The former patients, compared to the latter, had higher values of AST (p less than 0.08), ALT (p less than 0.02), GGT (p less than 0.005), IgG (p less than 0.05). It is possible that the reactivity to all 4 antigens of RIBA 2 is a clue of a greater activity of viral hepatic disease.
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PMID:Confirmation of high prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies in hemodialysis patients by second generation immunoblot assay. 132 87


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