Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The serum creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LD) and alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (HBD) were determined before and 3, 6, 18, and 36 hours after cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography in 56 consecutive patients with ischaemic heart disease. Five of these patients whose serum enzyme levels were higher than normal before the procedure were excluded from the study. Forty-one of the remaining 51 patients had left ventriculography and also selective coronary arteriography. In these 41 patients (groups 1 and 2--see below), the mean serum CK levels increased after the procedure to exceed the upper limit of normal at every study interval. The mean serum AST, LD, and HBD levels generally remained within the normal range at all study intervals, though serum AST increased abnormally in 9 of the 41 patients (22%) and serum LD and HBD each increased above the normal limit in 2 of 41 patients (4.9%). In 24 patients (group 1) whose coronary arteriograms showed insignificant coronary narrowing (less than 75%) in any of the three major coronary arteries, the increase in serum CK was significantly higher than in 17 patients (group 2) with greater than 75% narrowings in at least one of the three major coronary arteries. However, the degree of serum CK elevation observed during the postangiographic period was much lower than that in another group of 30 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. In 10 patients (group 3) who had the same procedure as groups 1 and 2 except without the selective coronary arteriography, the serum enzyme levels showed no noticeable increase after the procedure. The difference in postangiographic serum CK elevation between patients with and without selective coronary arteriography and the difference between group 1 (without significant coronory narrowing) and group 2 (with significant narrowing) strongly suggest that the raised serum CK levels represent some form of myocardial damage caused by the coronary arteriography, which, however, is different at least in degree from that of acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Significance of serum enzyme changes after cardiac catheterization and selective coronary arteriography. 125 4

Blood plasma uric acid and urea content and aspartate aminotransferase activity were studied in 177 patients with ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension. It was established that the blood uric acid level did not depend essentially on the transamination processes in patients with ischemic heart disease but was closely connected with transamination processes and amino acid metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.
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PMID:[The relation of uric acid metabolism to transferase activity in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypertension]. 239 37

Endomyocardial biopsies were taken from the apex of the left ventricle in 15 patients operated on for aortic valve disease or ischaemic heart disease and from papillary muscles in six patients operated on for mitral valve disease. Activities of cardiac phosphofructokinase (PFK), total lactate dehydrogenase (LD), its isoenzyme LD1, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), total creatine kinase (CK), its isoenzyme MB, citrate synthase (CS) and myoglobin content (MYO) were related to the angiographically determined left ventricular function. Activities of total LD, PFK and PFK/CS ratio were lower in patients with decreased, than in those with normal, left ventricular function. Myoglobin content and activities of CS and ASAT were not related to left ventricular function. It is suggested that depressed left ventricular contractility is associated with a decreased glycolytic capacity while the oxidative capacity is mainly unaltered.
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PMID:Key enzymes of myocardial energy metabolism in patients with valvular heart disease: relation to left ventricular function. 297 29

We kinetically measured total lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27), total creatine kinase (CK, EC 2.7.3.2), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, EC 2.6.1.1.) in 16 elite college basketball players, before the competition season and not in close temporal relation to near-maximal exercise, and in 17 healthy non-athlete controls. LD isoenzymes were determined by both electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation methods. CK-MB isoenzyme was measured electrophoretically. We found significantly higher mean LD-1 values and LD-1/LD-2 ratios in the players than the controls: 31.6 (SD 3.7)% vs 25.8 (SD 3.2)% (P less than 0.005) and 1.1 (SD 0.13) vs 0.87 (SD 0.16) (P less than 0.001), respectively. A "flipped" LD pattern (LD-1 greater than LD-2) was found in half the players and in six of the eight black athletes, but in only two of the control group and in none of the black controls. Mean CK activity in serum exceeded normal values in the serum of the athletes and was higher in comparison with the control group [274 (SD 156) vs 103 (SD 82) U/L]. Mean CK was significantly higher in the eight athletes with the flipped LD pattern than in those with LD-1 less than LD-2 [322 (SD 163) vs 180 (SD 98) U/L; P = 0.05], and also in comparison with CK in the two controls with flipped LD pattern. We saw no significant difference in mean CK between the nine players with normal immunochemical LD-1/LD ratios and the seven players with above-normal ratios. CK-MB was not detected in either athletes or controls. None of the players had any clinical or electrocardiographic evidence for myocardial ischemia or infarction. Evidently the flipped LD pattern usually found in patients with acute myocardial infarction and reported in some athletes after extreme exercise such as ultra-marathon running may also be found in athletes who are in their "basal fitness shape" but who are not involved in competitive physical activity.
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PMID:"Flipped" patterns of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in serum of elite college basketball players. 318 Apr 33

Eight patients with severe peripheral vascular atherosclerosis scheduled for abdominal aortic surgery were investigated to detect coexisting coronary artery disease. None of the patients had a history of angina pectoris or previous myocardial infarction. Preoperative computerised thallium-201 dipyridamole myocardial scintigraphy was abnormal in all patients, showing either myocardial scar tissue and/or ischaemia with redistribution and/or low washout. In all but one patient, the serum level of creatin kinase was elevated during the first postoperative days. In two patients, the serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated. None of the patients showed clinical or electrocardiographical signs of acute myocardial infarction. Thallium-201 dipyridamole myocardial imaging is a new noninvasive method for detection of ischaemic heart disease in patients with severe peripheral atherosclerosis who are unable to perform a bicycle exercise test. The new programme for determination of regional washout appeared to be very precise and may be especially applicable in the case of low washout values.
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PMID:Thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy during dipyridamole-induced coronary hyperaemia. First experiences with a new regional washout programme. 321 87

The behavior of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was evaluated during the first 30 postnatal days in 16 neonates with clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic features of transient myocardial ischemia. These common laboratory tests, requested usually as an aid to diagnosis and surveillance of myocardial damage both in the adult and infant age groups, do not seem to have any value in the perinatal period compared to established reference values of healthy or asphyxiated controls.
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PMID:Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase serum activities in neonatal transient myocardial ischemia. 335 73

The following parameters were studied in 27 newly diagnosed and not treated patients with primary hypothyroidism: TTH, creatine kinase (CK) with MB isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with isoenzymes LDH1 and LDH5, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) before and after 20-day substitutive therapy. It has been established that the enzymes were increased in about 60% of the untreated patients, and the typical enzyme constellation for hypothyroidism consisted of CK with MB isoenzymes, ASAT and LDH1. The myocardial isoenzymes were normalized within the period of substitutive therapy. The enzymes were established to be elevated only in the patients that had increased CK. The follow up of the above enzyme constellation before and during the initial phases of the treatment of hypothyroidism could provide considerable possibilities of differential diagnosis with ischemic heart disease, often manifested during that period. The determination of CK in advance would be a screening determining the necessity of studies on the enzyme constellation.
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PMID:[Serum enzymes in hypothyroidism]. 360 1

Human myocardium with focal myocytolysis (vacuolar degeneration, colliquative myocytolysis) was examined by routine light microscopy and by immunoperoxidase staining techniques for creatine kinase (CK) M and B, myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (H4)(LDH-1), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT). Sections of myocardium were selected from autopsy and surgical specimens from patients with and without clinical morphologic evidence of ischemic heart disease. Areas of coagulation necrosis showed loss of enzyme staining, while both normal and myocytolytic cells stained darkly. These results indicate that fibers with myocytolysis retain enzymes and other proteins, indicating sarcolemmal integrity, which is not present in fibers with coagulation necrosis. The implication of these findings is that fibers with myocytolysis are viable; thus, myocytolysis may be a reversible form of myocardial alteration that does not necessarily lead to cell death and eventual myocardial fibrosis.
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PMID:Myocytolysis (vacuolar degeneration) of myocardium: immunohistochemical evidence of viability. 620 21

We utilized immunoperoxidase methods to study the distribution of both cytosolic or soluble(s) and mitochondrial (m) aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) in normal, ischemic, and necrotic myocardium. Human myocardium was obtained from autopsy (n = 9) and surgery (n = 6). Cardiac tissue from 26 dogs with experimental myocardial infarction induced by closed-chest balloon occlusion and four dogs with myocardial ischemia without necrosis induced by a 50% reduction in left main coronary artery flow for 3 hours were studied. Duration of occlusion was 45 minutes (n = 1), 3 hours (n = 11), 5 to 6 hours (n = 10), or 15 to 24 hours (n = 4). Highly purified m- and s-AspAT and specific antibodies were prepared in our laboratory. In all cases, control experiments were performed. Microscopically normal human and dog myocardium uniformly stained for m- and s-AspAT. Necrotic myocardium from patients with infarcts showed markedly reduced immunostaining. In those dogs with myocardial necrosis, all dogs with coronary occlusion of 5 to 24 hours, and eight of 11 dogs with 3-hour occlusions, immunostaining was significantly reduced for both s- and m-AspAT in regions confirmed to be necrotic by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Myocardial necrosis was confirmed in the 3-hour infarcts by electron microscopy. In the four dogs with a 50% reduction in left main flow for 3 hours, and one dog with a 45-minute coronary occlusion, ischemia was demonstrated by glycogen loss in period acid-Schiff-stained sections but there was no evidence of necrosis by electron microscopy or triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and there was no loss of immunostaining evident for s- or m-AspAT. Thus, s- and m-AspAT were visualized in normal and ischemic myocardium with decreased staining in necrotic tissue using immunoperoxidase techniques. Loss of both s- and m-AspAT can be demonstrated in human myocardium and in experimental canine myocardium as early as 3 hours after coronary occlusion and appears to be specific for irreversible myocardial injury. No depletion of isoenzyme can be detected by immunohistochemical techniques in tissue that is ischemic but not necrotic. Furthermore, by these immunoperoxidase techniques, loss of s- and m-AspAT from necrotic myocardium appears to be simultaneous.
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PMID:Distribution of cytosolic and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in normal, ischemic, and necrotic myocardium. An immunohistochemical study. 638 75

We examined sera from 159 patients with ischemic heart disease and hypertension and from 50 apparently healthy control subjects for content of trace elements, cholesterol, triglyceride, and enzymes. Concentrations of copper, cobalt, cholesterol, and triglyceride were increased in all patients, but calcium was decreased in patients with hypertension, acute myocardial ischemia, and acute myocardial infarction. Also accompanying acute myocardial infarction were decreased concentrations of zinc and iron but increases in nickel, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Magnesium concentration was lower in patients with acute myocardial ischemia. In acute myocardial infarction, the concentrations of copper, zinc, and iron were higher after 21-30 h (as compared with the values at 0-10 h), by which time concentrations of calcium, magnesium, cobalt, and alanine aminotransferase had decreased. The variation in concentration of trace elements in serum from cases of ischemic heart disease and hypertension corresponds to the severity of the disorder.
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PMID:Trace elements in serum from Pakistani patients with acute and chronic ischemic heart disease and hypertension. 671 25


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