Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated serial enzyme and bilirubin determinations as aids to diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis (121 cases) and the heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illness due to cytomegalovirus (33 cases). Laboratory evidence for either type of mononucleosis includes mild to moderate hepatic dysfunction, with aspartate aminotransferase activity increased, but lower than commonly encountered in active viral hepatitis. Of the enzymes commonly assayed in evaluating liver function, aspartate aminotransferase activity was the most commonly abnormal: in 96.7% of those with Epstein-Barr virus disease and 87.9% with cytomegalovirus disease. Values for alkaline phosphatase were increased in 94.2% of the Epstein-Barr virus cases and 63.6% of the cytomegalovirus cases, and gamma-glutamyltransferase values were increased in 90.9% and 75.8%, respectively. We conclude that, in serially studied patients, normal results for liver-function studies or very high aspartate aminotransferase activities (greater than 1000 U/L) eliminate, for practical purposes, both Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus as diagnostic considerations.
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PMID:Hepatic function in mononucleosis induced by Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. 610 48

Serum activity of the mitochondrial isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase (mAST) was measured with an immunological method in 74 subjects. Fourty-six were chronic alcoholics with (30) or without (16) obvious alcoholic liver disease; 28 were nonalcoholic controls among whom 14 had acute or chronic viral hepatitis, the remaining 14 being healthy individuals. Mean mAST activity was much higher in all the alcoholic subjects, with or without liver disease, 10.4 and 1.95 units per liter, respectively, than in the healthy controls (0.43, p less than 0.001). The mean mAST to total AST ratio was similar in the healthy controls and in the patients with viral hepatitis (2.98 and 3.19%, NS), whereas it was about 4 times higher in the alcoholics with a sensitivity which reached 93% in the patients with alcoholic liver disease and 100% in those without. Both gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and glutamate dehydrogenase serum activities were far less sensitive and specific. As almost all chronic alcoholics had similar abnormal values of mAST/total AST ratio, this leads to question whether "normal" liver may really exist in any of such subjects.
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PMID:Serum activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase: a sensitive marker of alcoholism with or without alcoholic hepatitis. 614 99

In 1964 a 42-year-old woman was hospitalized with clinical and laboratory signs of posttransfusion hepatitis five weeks after administration of six whole blood transfusions. During the following 17 years anicteric chronic liver disease was repeatedly documented by elevations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. In 1981 hepatomegaly, progressive jaundice, and a serum alphafetoprotein level of 516,000 ng/ml were observed. Percutaneous liver biopsy showed a primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Serologic examinations failed to reveal markers for hepatitis B virus including HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc by radioimmunoassay; antibody to hepatitis A virus was also absent. This sequence of events demonstrates a presumptive association of PHC and the agent(s) of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis.
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PMID:Primary hepatocellular carcinoma following non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis. 619 33

The characteristics of 86 patients with acute non-A, non-B hepatitis were compared to 23 patients with acute hepatitis A and 76 with acute hepatitis B by medical record reviews of patients seen at 5 hospitals in Baltimore, Maryland, as part of case-control study of viral hepatitis. Results of serum aminotransferase levels, bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin times alone could not distinguish the type of viral hepatitis because of extensive overlap. The alanine aminotransferase range for non-A, non-B hepatitis was 56 to 1819 IU/liters, for hepatitis A 250 to 1995 IU/liters, and for hepatitis B 203 to 2120 IU/liters. The ranges of aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin for the types of hepatitis also overlapped. Fewer patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis or hepatitis A had a prolonged prothrombin time compared to patients with hepatitis B. Hepatic encephalopathy was seen only in two patients with hepatitis B. Forty-two percent of non-A, non-B hepatitis patients followed for 6 months or longer continued to have elevated alanine aminotransferase levels. Chronic alanine aminotransferase elevation was independent of the source of infection: transfusion, parenteral drug use, or all other sources. Prolonged follow-up is necessary to evaluate chronicity in patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis.
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PMID:Community-acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis: clinical characteristics and chronicity. 642 May 13

Serum ferritin and biochemical liver tests (serum bilirubin, serum aspartate transaminase, serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), and serum alkaline phosphatase) were recorded at regular intervals from admission to recovery in six patients with acute viral hepatitis. There was a proportional, significant decrease in ferritin bilirubin, and transaminase were reached simultaneously, whereas gamma-GT and alkaline phosphatase remained elevated for a slightly longer time. The correlations between corresponding measurements of ferritin and biochemical liver tests were as follows: ferritin and alkaline phosphatase, r = 0.72, P less than 0.001; ferritin and bilirubin, r = 0.68, P less than 0.001; ferritin and transaminase, r = 0.53, P less than 0.001; ferritin and gamma-GT. r = 0.50, P less than 0.001. In viral hepatitis serum ferritin offers no diagnostic advantage compared with already established tests for hepatocellular damage.
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PMID:Serum ferritin in acute viral hepatitis. 671 75

The activities of the lysosomal enzymes acid and neutral protease, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase were measured in the serum of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Acid protease (cathepsin D) activity was increased about tenfold in patients who died and nearly fourfold in those who survived fulminant hepatic failure after paracetamol overdose, whereas activities were increased equally in patients with fulminant hepatic failure due to viral hepatitis whether or not they survived. A correlation was found between serum acid protease activity and prothrombin time, and the increase in cathepsin D activity was sustained over several days compared with aspartate aminotransferase, which showed a sharp early peak and then a fall. Circulating lysosomal proteases can damage other organs, and measurement of their activity may therefore be of added value in assessing prognosis in this condition.
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PMID:Circulating lysosomal enzymes and acute hepatic necrosis. 700 43

Over a period of three years all children with acute viral hepatitis (n = 167) were examined for the presence of the abnormal lipoprotein X(LPX). Positive results could be found in 96% of patients with hepatitis A and in 82% of hepatitis B. A good correlation of LPX was ascertained with cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and immunoglobulin M. Control after 29 days in hepatitis A and 46 days in hepatitis B showed absence of LPX and normal pattern of lipoprotein-electrophoresis. Enzyme activities were slightly elevated, lipids and immunoglobulin M remained above upper normal range. In acute phase of viral hepatitis lipoprotein X is the most specific test in determining the presence of cholestasis, but in views on course of disease serum-lipids and immunoglobulin M have a similar sensitivity like enzyme patterns.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of cholestasis in acute viral hepatitis in childhood (author's transl)]. 719 25

Differential diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis, persistent chronic hepatitis, aggressive chronic hepatitis, and post-necrotic cirrhosis can reasonably be achieved on the basis of three well-known liver-function tests: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. With use of principal-component analysis, these four liver diseases can be characterized by two criteria: a "cytolytic" criterion, correlated particularly with a membrane-permeability test--namely, alanine aminotransferase activity--and a "mitochondrial damage" criterion, which is associated with above-normal ornithine carbamyltransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities.
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PMID:Multivariate analysis of an enzymic profile for the differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis. 743 42

We have evaluated the histological progression of liver disease in 29 untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C. All patients were positive to antibodies to hepatitis C virus by ELISA2 and RIBA2. Two liver biopsies were carried out for each patient, with an interval ranging between 12 and 126 months (mean 50.2 +/- 30.7). In all cases the usual histological classification was applied and the histological activity index scoring system according to Knodell et al. was determined. Fifteen cases worsened (51.7%), 12 cases showed no histological changes (41.4%) and two patients improved (6.9%). Cirrhosis was found in five patients (18.5%) in the second liver biopsy. Epidemiological, clinical, biochemical and histological progression and the group with impairment in liver histology. Factors related to histological worsening were: more advanced age (p = 0.002), high levels of aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.04), high global histological activity index (p = 0.03) and piecemeal necrosis and bridging necrosis scores (p = 0.02) at first biopsy. The histological activity index can be applied to assess the natural history of chronic viral hepatitis, and is a good tool to evaluate the prognosis. Thus chronic hepatitis C virus infection is a histologically progressive disease in at least half the cases.
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PMID:Histological evolution of chronic hepatitis C. Factors related to progression. 752 89

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness that generally causes non-specific symptoms and signs of which fever is the most common. It is one of the causes of "fevers of unknown origin" in the Asia-Pacific region. The relationship between hepatic dysfunction and scrub typhus has been given little attention in the literature. From 1982 to 1993, 47 patients diagnosed with scrub typhus at Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, were studied, with attention being given to hepatic dysfunction. The medical records of these patients were reviewed thoroughly. Hepatic dysfunction occurred in 77% (36/47) of patients. Among the liver function parameters, the percentage of abnormality was 74.5% for aspartate aminotransferase, 74.5% for alanine aminotransferase, 57.4% for alkaline phosphatase, 44.7% for lactate dehydrogenase and 44.7% for serum bilirubin. Six patients presented with a picture of true hepatitis similar to acute viral hepatitis. The results indicate that hepatocellular damage does occur in scrub typhus, and is perhaps, more common than previously realized. We recommend that the differential diagnosis of patients from high-risk groups and endemic areas who present with hepatitis-like symptoms should include examination for scrub typhus.
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PMID:Hepatic dysfunction in scrub typhus. 761 39


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