Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increased serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity is sometimes found in acutely psychotic patients. In order to study factors affecting CPK activity, we investigated in normal subjects the effect on serum CPK activity of resistance to being restrained and to struggle against leather limb restraints (LLR) sometimes used for control of assaultive of self-destructive behavior of psychiatric patients. Blood samples were obtained 24 hr and immediately before restraint; and immediately, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hr after restraint. Serum CPK activity increases ranged from 3 to 16 times base line levels for all subjects. These increases exceeded the 95% upper limit of normal. Serum pyruvate kinase (PK) activity also increased significantly. In a second study, five male subjects were passively placed in LLR and then struggled against LLR for 1 hr. Serum CPK activity also increased significantly under these conditions, but less than after being forcibly restrained. Serum PK activity and lactic dehydrogenase activity also increased significantly, but serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) activity did not. Since serum CPK activity is increased well above the normal limits in normal subjects after struggle against LLR, studies of serum CPK activity in psychotic patients must avoid the use of restraints as well as other types of trauma, which may produce serum CPK increases persisting as long as 72 hr.
 ...
PMID:Effect of limb restraints on serum creatine phosphokinase activity in normal volunteers. 59 27

Risperidone (R 64766) was administered during 4 weeks in increasing doses to 17 psychotic patients, to evaluate the hematological and cardiovascular safety, the therapeutic effect, side effects, effects upon endocrinological parameters and the pharmacokinetic profile. Following a placebo wash-out period of 1 week, the initial dose was 10 mg daily, increasing with 5 mg per week until the maximal dose of 25 mg daily was reached during the 4th week of treatment. Doses up to 20 mg daily resulted in a significant improvement of the total BPRS score and of the different BPRS factor scores; with higher doses, no further clinical benefit was achieved except for the hostility and anxiety-depression factor, while sedation became more prominent. No increase of extrapyramidal symptoms was noticed. Except for the sedation observed with higher doses, risperidone was well tolerated. No clinically relevant effects on cardiovascular and ECG parameters were noticed, and except for a slight increase of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in one patient, no laboratory abnormalities were observed. Prolactin showed an expected increase, while the other endocrinological parameters revealed no changes. Risperidone had a linear pharmacokinetic profile.
 ...
PMID:Therapeutic effect and safety of increasing doses of risperidone (R 64766) in psychotic patients. 248 Jun 16

Serum concentrations of total 3 alpha-hydroxy-bile acids, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase were measured in 35 psychotic patients who had been under treatment with neuroleptic drugs for more than 1 year. Serum concentrations of total bile acids were from 1.0 to 9.4 mumol/l (mean 2.9 mumol/l) in the patients and from 0.6 to 4.8 mumol/l (mean 2.2 mumol/l) in 20 healthy controls; the mean values were not significantly different. Serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase in patients and controls were not significantly different either. In conclusion, none of the patients had signs of manifest hepatobiliary dysfunction.
 ...
PMID:Liver function under long-term treatment with neuroleptic drugs assessed by serum concentrations of bile acids, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase. 613 97

This retrospective study aimed to compare differences in hepatic enzyme elevation during treatment with either risperidone or olanzapine alone in patients with psychotic disorders. The charts were reviewed for six hundred and sixty-seven (667) inpatients with psychotic disorders who were treated with either risperidone (n=289) or olanzapine (n=145) alone at a university-affiliated hospital between 1998 and 2002. Frequencies of elevation greater than the reference level in any enzyme among aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphotase (ALP) were higher in the olanzapine-treated group (26.9%) than in the risperidone-treated group (14.2%) [odds ratio (OR)=2.225, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.362-3.638, P=0.002]. Frequencies of elevation greater than the reference level in ALT were higher in the olanzapine-treated group than in the risperidone-treated group (OR=2.182, P=0.004), as were frequencies with two-fold (OR=3.064, P=0.017) and three-fold (OR=2.883, P=0.039) elevation. Recovery time was longer in the olanzapine-treated group than in the risperidone-treated group (P=0.0059), as was latency time (P=0.0044). These results suggest that there are potential differences in antipsychotic-associated hepatic enzyme alterations between risperidone and olanzapine treatment. Controlled, prospective studies should be conducted to identify the risk factors associated with an alteration in hepatic enzymes related to treatment with risperidone and olanzapine.
 ...
PMID:Naturalistic observation on the hepatic enzyme changes in patients treated with either risperidone or olanzapine alone. 1581 69

We investigated the effects of a large range of clinical factors on the long-term risk of suicide in the general population of South Korea. We analyzed the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database in South Korea. A total of 300,232 individuals were followed for up to 12 years. We obtained information on demographic variables (age and sex), lifestyle variables (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise), psychiatric and physical disorders, laboratory examination results and physical examination findings. We conducted a competing risk survival analysis to estimate the risk of completed suicide. 725 individuals (241/100,000) died by suicide in the follow-up period. After Bonferroni correction, we found a significant suicide risk associated with 6 variables: Parkinson's disease, depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (inverted association), elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase levels, male gender and age. Before Bonferroni correction, variables such as cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, psychotic disorder, other psychiatric disorder, benzodiazepine use and higher fasting glucose showed some significant association. In addition, body mass index and height were inversely related to completed suicide before Bonferroni correction. However, only the 6 variables listed above were robust predictors of suicide in the fully adjusted analyses with multiple test correction. Common medical conditions had no clear influence on suicide. Diverse clinical factors influenced the long-term risk of completed suicide in this general population sample. Comprehensive assessment of these risk factors will facilitate more focused suicide surveillance measures.
 ...
PMID:Clinical epidemiology of long-term suicide risk in a nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea. 2948 2

Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that acts as a partial agonist of dopamine type 2 receptors as well as 5-HT1A receptors. It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and in type 1 bipolar disorder for mania. Because aripiprazole is well tolerated with few side effects it is used off-label in other psychotic disorders. The prevalence of abnormal liver function tests with antipsychotic use is 32%, with clinically significant effects in 4% of cases. No cases of aripiprazole-induced liver injury have been published. We report a 28-year-old female who presented with non-affective first-episode psychosis and who was treated with aripiprazole. Initially she was medicated with 10 mg per day, with an increase to 20 mg per day on the 12th day of hospitalization. Nine days after she became icteric, with nausea and had a vomiting episode. Laboratory analysis revealed a very high level of alanine aminotransferase, and minor to moderately high levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and bilirubin. Aripiprazole was tapered and paliperidone was started with the improvement of clinical and laboratory findings.
 ...
PMID:Aripiprazole-induced Hepatitis: A Case Report. 3167 95

Cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders have been regarded as the most common clinical symptoms of methamphetamine (MA) users. Accumulating evidence has shown that liver disease may be involved in cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders. This study examines whether cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms are associated with serum levels of liver biomarkers in MA users. Cognition was assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Liver function was assessed by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin, Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), triglyceride, total cholesterol, and glucose concentrations in 106 MA addicts and 76 controls. Compared to control subjects, MA users had greater severity of psychotic symptoms on the dimension of somatization, depression, anxiety, psychoticism, addiction, and global severity index in SCL-90, and lower scores of cognition, including the total RBANS score and all five subscales. The globulin levels were increased, while the albumin, albumin/globulin, and ApoB levels were decreased. ApoB levels were positively correlated with immediate memory, attention, and total RBANS score. Furthermore, stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated that ApoB levels were associated with immediate memory, attention, and total RBANS score. The findings of this study suggest that MA addicts might experience cognitive deficits, psychiatric disorders, and liver damage. Serum ApoB levels may be involved in cognitive deficits; thus, improving liver function may help to treat cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders in MA addicts.
 ...
PMID:Methamphetamine-Induced Cognitive Deficits and Psychiatric Symptoms Are Associated with Serum Markers of Liver Damage. 3169 Nov 88