UNIPROT:P17174 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The HELLP syndrome, comprising haemolysis, elevated liver enzyme values and a low platelet count, was studied in 26 women with hypertensive crises of pregnancy and in matched controls. Platelet counts and bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and haematocrit levels together with peripheral blood smears were studied on the day of admission and on the 7th day after delivery. Only 1 woman with pre-eclampsia was found to have had the HELLP syndrome; the case report is presented and the laboratory investigations are discussed.
...
PMID:The HELLP (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count) syndrome in severe hypertensive crises of pregnancy--does it exist? 398 69

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations and platelet counts were measured in 26 normal pregnant women and 51 preeclamptic women. In the normal-pregnancy group, no significant changes were found in the results of these tests. In the preeclampsia group, ALT and AST concentrations were not significantly higher than those in normal pregnancy, but the LDH concentrations increased and the platelet counts decreased significantly through the pregnancy. The increases in LDH did not correlate with changes in ALT or AST. Preeclamptic women with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants had significantly higher LDH concentrations than those in the appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) group, but ALT and AST concentrations did not increase significantly. As reasons for the LDH increase in our subjects, liver damage was excluded and more active glycolysis in addition to severe cell damage due to chronic anoxemia were inferred. It is suggested that an increase in LDH is predictive of SGA infants in preeclamptic pregnancy, especially in those with normal liver function.
...
PMID:Increased concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase in pregnancy with preeclampsia: a predictor for the birth of small-for-gestational-age infants. 763 66

We report our apheresis department's experience with four patients with HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome. The average age of the patients was 23.25 years (range 19-27). Three were in their second pregnancy while one was a primigravida. All had symptoms of pre-eclampsia prior to delivery. All experienced the syndrome postpartum. Plasma exchange was instituted an average of 3.25 days postpartum (range 1.08-7.33 days). All underwent plasmapheresis with fresh frozen plasma replacement. The average number of plasma exchange treatments was four (range 1-8). The first laboratory parameter to reach its peak/nadir was the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), followed by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme level, followed by the hemoglobin (HGB) level, and, finally, the platelet count (PLT). The AST was the first parameter to peak and the first to normalize. In the three cases in which more than one plasmapheresis procedure was performed, plasmapheresis was required for an average of 98 hours (range 39-206 hours) after a normal AST level was obtained in order to achieve a self-sustaining platelet count of > or = 100 x 10(9)/L. No additional exchanges were required to maintain the PLT once a PLT of over 100 x 10(9)/L was attained. The laboratory values normalized in the following order: AST, HGB, PLT, and LDH. Three patients were discharged anemic. One was discharged with a normal LDH level. By our experience, awaiting normal LDH levels as an indicator for cessation of plasma exchange therapy would mean subjecting the patients to many unnecessary procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:HELLP syndrome: laboratory parameters and clinical course in four patients treated with plasma exchange. 775 67

A beef cow was examined to find the cause of decreasing appetite of 2 weeks' duration. The cow was obese (body condition score, 8 of 9), and multiple fetuses were identified on palpation per rectum. Urinalysis revealed > 160 mg of ketones/dl. Abnormal serum biochemical data included high concentrations of bilirubin, creatinine, sodium, and chloride; low concentrations of total CO2 and calcium; and high activity of aspartate transaminase. Treatment included administration of dextrose solution, i.v.; propylene glycol, PO; and insulin, i.v. and SC. The cow's appetite improved gradually over 8 days of treatment. Concentration of ketone bodies in urine decreased to trace amounts by day 4. The cow was discharged on day 10 and gave birth to twins 4 days after discharge (duration of gestation, 279 days). The clinical history of this cow differed from the history of other cattle with ketosis, but mimicked pregnancy toxemia in ewes. Multiple fetuses have not been implicated as a predisposing factor in severe prepartum ketosis of cows.
...
PMID:Severe prepartum ketosis in an obese beef cow. 784 49

To determine whether decreases in plasma antithrombin (AT) level, as seen in non-gestational acquired AT deficiency, result from a hypercoagulable state and/or liver/kidney damage, AT activity was measured in 24 uncomplicated and 30 preeclamptic women. The fifth percentile of AT levels in the normal pregnancies was used as a cut-off value to subdivide the preeclamptic patients into two groups. Markers of activated coagulation, i.e, levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrin D-dimer, soluble fibrin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and platelet counts, were determined. Indicators of hepatic or renal function, i.e. concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, urinary albumin (U-albumin) and serum albumin (S-albumin), were assayed. AT levels were lower in those with preeclampsia than in the normal pregnancy group (P < 0.01). In the group with AT levels less than the cut-off point, levels of fibrin D-dimer (P < 0.05), soluble fibrin (P < 0.05), vWF (P < 0.05), ALT (P < 0.05), AST (P < 0.05), creatinine (P < 0.01) and U-albumin (P < 0.01) were increased, whereas platelet counts (P < 0.05) and S-albumin (P < 0.05) were decreased. All patients with ALT levels > 0.46 mu kat/1, AST > 0.58 mu kat/1, S-albumin < 23 g/1 and/or U-albumin > 4.9 g/24 h had AT levels < or = cut off. AT levels correlated with vWF (rs = - 0.73, P < 0.01) and creatinine (Rs = -0.70, P < 0.01). It is suggested that in preeclampsia, acquired AT deficiency is secondary to a hypercoagulable state, and/or associated with impaired hepatic and/or renal function.
...
PMID:Acquired deficiency of antithrombin in association with a hypercoagulable state and impaired function of liver and/or kidney in preeclampsia. 919 20

This study aimed to identify if the clinical features of proteinuric pre-eclampsia or the biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction associated with this syndrome are altered according to parity in a direction that would suggest a different pathophysiology. Groups of 27 primigravid and 35 multigravid women with pre-eclampsia (defined as blood pressure >140/90 mmHg and 2+ proteinuria) were studied ante-partum, and at 6 weeks and 6 months post-partum. Clinical markers of severity of pre-eclampsia, including blood pressure, markers of renal, hepatic and coagulatory function, and biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction were measured. Fetal outcome was assessed by birthweight and birthweight percentile. Ante-partum systolic blood pressure was 10 mmHg higher in the primigravida, and this difference was independent of age and anti-hypertensive medication. Analysis of systolic blood pressure before and after delivery showed the primigravid women to have elevated systolic blood pressure over the whole time period (P<0.01). The primigravid women had more severe hepatic dysfunction, with elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels, but plasma creatinine, proteinuria, platelet counts and haematocrit were similar, indicating that renal and coagulatory function and plasma volume were affected to the same extent in the two groups and were independent of parity. Birthweight was similar in the two groups, and the percentage of infants weighing less than the 10th centile for gestation was also similar. Biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction, assessed by measuring the urinary prostacyclin metabolite 2, 3-dinor-6-oxo-prostaglandin F(1alpha) and plasma endothelin 1, did not differ according to parity. There were no differences in a number of other biochemical markers of pre-eclampsia, including plasma albumin, uric acid, triacylglycerol, and total, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Basophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts were elevated before delivery in primigravid women with pre-eclampsia. The differences in lymphocyte counts persisted post-partum. Further studies are required to clarify the role, if any, of monocytes, basophils and lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. In conclusion, the elevated systolic blood pressure and raised aspartate aminotransferase levels observed in primigravida suggest a more severe form of pre-eclampsia. The lack of differences in birthweight and other biochemical and endothelial markers of severity of pre-eclampsia do not suggest a different pathophysiology; however, the persistently higher white cell counts in the primigravid pre-eclamptics are of interest, and might reflect differences in immune responses in the two groups. We suggest that studies of the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia should include multigravida, as long as there is adequate post-partum follow-up to exclude underlying disease.
...
PMID:Is proteinuric pre-eclampsia a different disease in primigravida and multigravida? 1049 48

Measurements have been made of the urinary content of inositol phosphoglycans IPG P-type and IPG A-type, putative insulin second messengers, in preeclampsia, in type I insulin-treated diabetic pregnant women and their matched control subjects, and nonpregnant women of child-bearing age. The content of IPG P-type and IPG A-type was also measured in the placenta from preeclamptic patients and from normal pregnancies. Pregnancy was associated with an increase, approximately twofold, in urinary output of IPG-P-type relative to nonpregnant controls (P<0.01). The 24-h output of IPG P-type in urine in preeclamptic women was significantly higher (2- to 3-fold) than in pregnant control subjects matched for age, parity, and stage of gestation (P<0.02). In contrast, insulin-dependent diabetic pregnant women did not show any significant change in urinary output of IPG P-type or IPG A-type relative to pregnant control subjects. Evidence for a possible relationship and correlation between the urinary excretion of IPG P-type and markers of preeclampsia, including proteinuria (r = 0.720, P<0.01), plasma aspartate transaminase (r = 0.658, P<0.05), and platelet counts (r = 0.613, P<0.05) is presented. A high yield of IPG P-type was extracted from human placenta, in preeclampsia some 3-fold higher (P = 0.03) than the normal value, whereas no IPG A-type (with lipogenic-stimulating activity) was found. Low concentrations of placental IPG A-type were detected relative to IPG P-type using assay systems dependent upon the effect of this mediator on cAMP-dependent protein kinase or on a proliferation assay using thymidine incorporation into DNA of EGFR T17 fibroblasts. It is postulated that the high urinary excretion IPG P-type in preeclampsia reflects high placental levels and relates to the accumulation of glycogen in the placenta. The paracrine effects of placental IPG P-type (stimulation off other endocrine glands and/or endothelial cells) could contribute to the pathogenesis of the maternal syndrome. A possible theoretical link between elevated placental IPG P-type and apoptosis is proposed.
...
PMID:Inositol phosphoglycans and signal transduction systems in pregnancy in preeclampsia and diabetes: evidence for a significant regulatory role in preeclampsia at placental and systemic levels. 1072 Apr 42

To better direct screening for preeclampsia, we describe the result trends of the laboratory tests used in the workup of preeclampsia at our institution. The clinical characteristics of patients with abnormal test results are further detailed. The objective of the study is to recommend a laboratory screening regimen for preeclampsia based on the data. All patients who delivered at National Naval Medical Center from February to July 1996 who had blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, or uric acid determinations as part of a workup for preeclampsia were identified. Results are reported, and the clinical characteristics of patients with abnormal tests were obtained from the medical record. Abnormalities of uric acid and liver enzymes were few in our patient population (6% and 7%, respectively). The majority of patients with abnormal uric acid and liver function tests had the classic clinical symptoms of preeclampsia; therefore, the laboratory data added little to the clinical diagnosis. There was a high rate of renal test abnormalities, necessitating further investigation. We recommend omitting liver function and uric acid testing in the routine screening for preeclampsia. The high incidence of abnormal renal tests warrants continued use of this screening test and, more importantly, further investigation into the relationship between abnormal renal tests and disease course.
...
PMID:Laboratory testing for preeclampsia: result trends and screening recommendations. 1092 Jun 56

This review addresses the general hypothesis that the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and eclampsia are related to an imbalance of increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation coupled with a deficiency of antioxidant protection. Accordingly, this study was initiated to assess total antioxidant status and free-radical activity in preeclampsia and eclampsia. The patients studied were 44 healthy pregnant women and 45 women with hypertension classified as having preeclampsia (n=27), and eclampsia (n=18). The serum levels of lipid peroxide were significantly increased (p<0.0001) and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels) in erythrocytes were significantly decreased (p<0.0001) in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia compared with the controls. The groups of preeclampsia and eclampsia had similar values of catalase activities as the controls (p>0.05). There were no correlations between serum levels of lipid peroxide and antioxidant enzyme activities or systolic-diastolic blood pressure of pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels of preeclamptic and eclamptic women were high, whereas haemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Htc) and platelet levels were lower than those of the control subjects (p<0.0001). There were no differences in mean gestational week, whereas the mean age of eclamptic women was lower than that of the other two groups (p<0.001). The serum levels of Alanine-transaminase (ALT) and urea in eclamptic women were significantly higher compared with the other two groups (p<0.0001), whereas creatinine levels were lower than those of the other two groups (p<0.05). Our findings give support to those few studies considering lipid peroxidation as an important factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Further studies are needed to clarify the relations between lipid peroxidation and antioxidative function and their pathophysiological significance in preeclampsia and eclampsia.
...
PMID:Significance of changes in lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzyme activities in pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia. 1096 57

This study was undertaken to determine the prognosis value of laboratory and clinical findings in the progression of preeclampsia to eclampsia. Nausea and vomiting and glucose level > 105 mg/dL, serum creatinine level > 1.0 mg/dL, aspartate aminotransferase level > 35 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase level > 40 IU/L and lactate deshiydrogenase level > 450 IU/L can be used to estimate the risk for the advancement to eclampsia. This information could be helpful to the clinician for management purposes.
...
PMID:[Prognosis factors associated with the progression of preeclampsia to eclampsia]. 1100 47

1 2 3 Next >>