Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma bile acid concentrations were measured in normal horses. There was no diurnal variation in values, and age and sex had no effect. There was no significant difference between serum and plasma bile acid concentrations in clinically normal horses. Plasma bile acids were stable on storage for one month at -20 degrees C. The total plasma bile acid concentrations together with total and direct bilirubin concentrations and plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate and iditol dehydrogenase were evaluated in horses with various types of hepatobiliary disease (hepatic necrosis, lipidosis, neoplasia and cirrhosis), gastrointestinal disease, cardiovascular, orthopaedic and various other conditions not affecting the liver. Total plasma bile acids together with plasma glutamate and iditol dehydrogenase activities were the best indicators of liver disease. Total plasma bile acid concentrations were the most sensitive indicator of a wide variety of hepatic diseases but alone were unhelpful in differential diagnosis and were of more value when combined with the other tests of hepatic disease.
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PMID:Evaluation of total plasma bile acid concentrations for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease in horses. 256 44

Biliary glycoprotein I (BGP I), a constituent of normal bile and serum, is a glycoprotein (mol. wt. approximately 90,000) containing about 40% carbohydrate. Serum BGP I (S-BGP I) was determined by means of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay in patients with liver and gastrointestinal disease and in healthy individuals. The serum levels of five liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (S-GT), and lactic dehydrogenase), bilirubin (total and conjugated), and bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid) were determined in parallel. Healthy individuals had 0.5 +/- 0.3 mg/l of S-BGP I (mean +/- 2 S.D.; range, 0.2-0.9 mg/l). Most patients with liver disease (chronic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis) had elevated levels, up to 5-10 times the upper reference limit, whereas most patients with gastrointestinal disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, other GI diseases) had normal values. In patients with liver disease S-BGP I was positively correlated (p less than 0.0005) to S-GT. In primary biliary cirrhosis a positive correlation (p less than 0.005) between S-BGP I and S-ALP was also obtained. All other comparisons between S-BGP I and the other liver function tests showed non-significant correlations. It is concluded that S-BGP I is a determinant of cholestasis of similar use as S-GT.
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PMID:Serum level of biliary glycoprotein I, a determinant of cholestasis, of similar use as gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. 611 67

Intestinal or cloacal strictures that resulted in intestinal obstruction were diagnosed in six green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) from three rehabilitation facilities and two zoologic parks. The etiologies of the strictures were unknown in these cases. It is likely that anatomic adaptations of the gastrointestinal tract unique to the green sea turtle's herbivorous diet, paired with causes of reduced intestinal motility, may predispose the species to intestinal damage and subsequent obstructive intestinal disease. In aquarium-maintained green sea turtles, obesity, diet, reduced physical activity, chronic intestinal disease, and inappropriate or inadequate antibiotics might also be potential contributing factors. Clinical, radiographic, and hematologic abnormalities common among most of these sea turtles include the following: positive buoyancy; lethargy; inappetence; regurgitation; obstipation; dilated bowel and accumulation of oral contrast material; anemia; hypoglycemia; hypoalbuminemia; hypocalcemia; and elevated creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and blood urea nitrogen. Although these abnormalities are nonspecific with many possible contributing factors, intestinal disease, including strictures, should be considered a differential in green sea turtles that demonstrate all or a combination of these clinical findings. Although diagnostic imaging, including radiographs, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging, are important in determining a cause for suspected gastrointestinal disease and identifying an anatomic location of obstruction, intestinal strictures were not successfully identified when using these imaging modalities. Lower gastrointestinal contrast radiography, paired with the use of oral contrast, was useful in identifying the suspected site of intestinal obstruction in two cases. Colonoscopy was instrumental in visually diagnosing intestinal stricture in one case. Therefore, lower gastrointestinal contrast radiography and colonoscopy should be considered in green turtles when gastrointestinal obstructions are suspected. Although partial strictures of the cloacal opening may be identified on gross examination and might be managed with appropriate medical treatment, surgical intervention or humane euthanasia are likely the only options for sea turtles once small or large intestinal strictures have formed.
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PMID:Intestinal and cloacal strictures in free-ranging and aquarium-maintained green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas). 2380 60