Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the role of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in pneumococcal pneumonia, hemodynamic measurements were made in 16 dogs before, and within 36 hours after, intrapulmonary administration of type III pneumococcus. Ten dogs with one lobe or more of pneumonia increased their pulmonary vascular resistances and slightly decreased their arterial O2 tensions. Hypoxia increased and hyperoxia decreased their pulmonary vascular resistances. During O2 breathing, arterial PO2 was less during than before the pneumonia and increased when pulmonary perfusion was diverted away from the diseased lung. In 2 dogs breathing air, forcing the cardiac output through the diseased lung caused an increase in vascular resistance that could clearly be reduced by O2 breathing. In 5 dogs, lung mast cell counts showed no decrease in the lobes with pneumonia. In pneumococcal pneumonia, the hypoxic pulmonary pressor mechanism serves to decrease blood flow to the diseased lobes and, thus, to maintain the arterial PO2. Lung mast cells could participate in this response.
Am Rev Respir Dis 1975 Dec
PMID:Preservation of hypoxic pulmonary pressor response in canine pneumococcal pneumonia. 0 Sep 35

A protease associated with purified calf thymus chromatin has been found to act exclusively upon histone H2A, yielding a single new protein species, cH2A. This fragment migrates faster than H2A in acrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. The cH2A was purified and subjected to amino acid analysis and partial sequencing by the use of carboxypeptidase A. These studies demonstrated that cH2A had been derived from the removal of fifteen amino acids from the carboxy-terminal end of the intact H2A molecule, and that valine114 was its new carboxy-terminal residue. This cleavage does not occur under low ionic strength conditions, where H2A is believed to approximate a random coil; rather, it requires high ionic strength conditions similar to those under which the H2A molecule undergoes radical secondary and tertiary structural changes. This dependence upon ionic strength implies that the proteolytic cleavage is conformation- as well as sequence-specific. The H2A-specific protease is of nuclear origin, since isolation of nuclei by methods designed to maximize or minimize cytoplasmic contamination does not affect the level of proteolytic activity associated with purified chromatin. This nuclear protease appears to be tightly associated with the chromatin in vivo, for 0.6 M NaCl will not free it from isolated chromatin. A concentration of 1.2 M NaCl is required to dissociate the protease as well as its substrate from chromatin. The relationship of this enzyme to previously reported chromatin-bound proteases is discussed.
Cell 1976 Dec
PMID:A chromatin-bound proteolytic activity with unique specificity for histone H2A. 1 34

Lymphocytes of the mouse intestinal mucosa, identified in tissue sections or purified suspensions of intraepithelial lymphocytes as T cells (gut T lymphocytes [GTL]), were studied in normal mice or in beige mice (the equivalent of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome in man, characterized by giant granules in various cell types, including mast cells). Mice were studied in normal or in germ-free conditions, or during a graft versus host (GVH) reaction resulting from the injection of parental thymocytes into lethally irradiated F1 mice, a condition leading to massive accumulation of T lymphocytes of donor origin in the host gut mucosa. In normal as well as in GVH conditions, a high percentage of the gut IE lymphocytes contain granules (up to 80% in the beige mouse). These granules have ultrastructural, hostochemical and other features resembling those of mast cell granules; in beige mice, up to 50% of them can be shown to contain histamine. Granulated T cells are also found in the lamina propria. It appears that the GTL may progressively lose their surface T antigens when the granules become more developed. Kinetics of [3H]TdR labeling of the GTL, transfer experiments with T cells of various origins, selective [3H]TdR labeling and selective irradiation of the Peyer's patches (PP), and effect of thoraic duct (TD) drainage led to the conclusion that GTL are the progeny of T cells stimulated to divide in the PP microenvironment, which endows them with a gut-homing tendency. From the PP, these cells follow a cycle, migrating to the TD and to the blood to colonize the whole intestinal mucosa, the majority of them as dividing cells undergoing a single round of traffic, with some probably able to recirculate and becoming a more long-lived variety. Antigenic stimulation within the PP is necessary for the emergence of GTL progenitors, but their gut-homing property is unrelated to the antigen as shown with fetal gut grafts, notably in GVH where grafts syngeneic to the host or donor become similarly infiltrated by GTL. On the basis of their properties and of further evidence to be reported elsewhere, it is proposed that GTL belong to a special class of T lymphocytes, related to the immune defenses of the mucosal systems in general, and capable of acting as progenitors of mucosal mast cells.
J Exp Med 1978 Dec 01
PMID:The mouse gut T lymphocyte, a novel type of T cell. Nature, origin, and traffic in mice in normal and graft-versus-host conditions. 3 10

Guinea pigs were poisoned by large oral doses of hypnotics in order to study the effect of bromureides on the mast cell contents of the lungs in comparison to the influence of barbiturate intoxication. The dose of the hypnotics chosen was thus, that all animals died within the first three hours after the beginning of feeding. Then the degranulation of mast cells with decrease of the mast cell number in the lung tissue was merely small in the barbiturate poisoned animals, but very extensive in the animals intoxicated by bromureides. The difference is highly significant. The possible influence of this effect upon the different clinical course of both kinds of intoxication is discussed.
Z Rechtsmed 1978 Dec 20
PMID:[The reaction of lung mast cells to acute barbiturate and bromureide poisoning (author's transl)]. 3 10

Large quantities of the low-molecular-weight natriuretic material (F4), which appears after the salts when fractionated on G-25 Sephadex column, were obtained from the urine of normal man on a normal diet. The natriuretic substance in F4 was (1) untrafiltrable through a membrane with a claimed molecular-weight cut-off of 500 daltons (Amicon UMO5); (2) soluble in more polar organic solvents; (3) totally soluble in 95% acetone when specific activity was doubled; (4) relatively resistant to heating at 100 degrees C for 1 hour at a pH of 10, and to heating at 110 degrees C in 6 N hydrochloric acid for up to 90 hours under anaerobic conditions, and treatment with nitrous acid; it was less resistant to these procedures when extracted into 95% acetone; (5) not destroyed by trypsin, chymotrypsin, pronase, pepsin, leucine aminopeptidase, and subtilysin, nor was it destroyed by pepsin, leucine aminopeptidase, subtilysin, carboxypeptidase A and B, and aminopeptidase M, or by monoamine oxidase, aryl sulphatase, and beta-glucuronidase when extracted into 95% acetone. The natriuretic substance in the 95% acetone-soluble F4 was totally destroyed by incubation with prolidase. The least amount of 95% acetone-soluble F4 required to produce a significant natriuresis in the bioassay rat was that derived from a 7-min sample of urine. The maximal response was obtained from a 30-min sample of urine. Continuous i.v. infusion of the 95% acetone-soluble F4 for 40 min produced a sustained natriuresis, whereas a greater amount injected as a bolus produced an effect which was not sustained beyond 20 min.
Kidney Int 1979 Dec
PMID:Further observations on a low-molecular-weight natriuretic substance in the urine of normal man. 4 87

Mast cells can be automatically identified in a mixed cell population by flow cytofluorometry after Berberine sulphate staining. Volume specific counts of the total number of cells and number of mast cells, as well as frequency distributions of fluorescence intensities of mast cells, based on a large number of cells, can be rapidly obtained. Results obtained by microscope fluorometry of cells identified by phase contrast microscopy showviously published results it may be inferred that the fluorescence intensity of individual mast cells is proportional to mast cell heparin content. The automated cell counts correlated very well with manual hemocytometer counts. Both cell counts and the determination of mean mast cell fluorescence showed excellent reproducibility.
J Histochem Cytochem 1976 Dec
PMID:Quantitation of mast cell heparin by flow cytofluorometry. 6 10

Sodium glycocholate was shown to remove a Ca2+-activated adenosine triphosphatase from the external surface of the rat mast cell without causing lysis. Sensitized mast cells pretreated with sodium glycocholate showed a decrease in histamine-releasing capacity when triggered with antigen, Synacthen and ATP. Release induced by calcium ionophore A23187 was unaffected.
Biochem J 1977 Dec 15
PMID:Effect of removal of calcium-activated adenosine triphosphatase from rat mast cells by treatment with sodium glycocholate. 7 27

The IgE-mediated, antigen-induced release of histamine from human lung tissue causes profound changes in lung cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Exogenous histamine similarly induces increases in both cyclic nucleotides; pretreatment with H-1 antihistamines prevents the increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate, whereas H-2 antihistamines prevent the increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Anaphylaxis of human lung in vitro is unaffected by the presence of 1-100 micron histamine, H-1 antihistamines, H-2 antihistamines, or combinations of these agents despite the production of selective increases in total lung cyclic nucleotides. Futhermore, selective histamine agonists (2-methylhistamine [H-1 agonist] or dimaprit [H-2 agonist]) also fail to significantly influence the immunologic release of mediators. Histamine examined in the presence of ethylenediaminetetra-acetate was no more capable of modulating mediator release than when in the presence of calcium, in contrast to previous studies involving the human basophilic leukocyte. Therefore, the human lung mast cell is unresponsive to histamine with regard to modulating the antigen-induced, IgE-dependent, generation of mediators.
Am Rev Respir Dis 1978 Dec
PMID:Human lung tissue and anaphylaxis: the effects of histamine on the immunologic release of mediators. 8 41

The cells of the fundic portion of canine gastric mucosa were dispersed by collagenase digestion and separated into fractions by sequential use of velocity sedimentation in an elutriator rotor followed by a density gradient separation. There was a close correlation between histamine content and number of mast cells in the different cell fractions. The mast cells possessed characteristic dense granules, which stained metachromatically, but did not release histamine on exposure to Compound 48/80. The most highly purified fractions contained 80% mast cells and a histamine content of 2.5 pg/mast cell.
Gastroenterology 1979 Dec
PMID:Isolation of histamine-containing cells from canine fundic mucosa. 9 40

Tracheobronchial, mesenterial and inguinal lymph nodes of 15 mature rabbits which were subjected to inhalation of valatile products of fluoroplast destruction were studied. The action of this drug for 1-40 days activated the reactive centers of follicles. The amount of blasts, plasmic cells, eosinophils, macrophages, lymphocytes increased in regional tracheobronchial and distant mesenterial lymph nodes. The prolonged action during 120 days resulted in decreased blasto- and lymphopoesis in the regional tracheobroncheal lymph nodes, depression of the reticular epithelium, suppression of the phagocytic and plasm cell reactions, decreased nucleic metabolism in the cells. Mesenterial lymph nodes retained their functions. The lymphopoesis in them and nucleic metabolism in the cells were intensified. The blastic, plasmic cell, eosinophilic and mast cell reactions were well pronounced.
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol 1975 Dec
PMID:[Changes in the lymph nodes of rabbits following application of the breakdown products of fluoroplast]. 13 96


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