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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytofluorometric quantitation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and heparin in individual mast cell granules is described. The technique is based on micromanipulation of intact mast cells reacted with formaldehyde or stained with Berberine sulfate and the use of a cytofluorometer equipped with a sensitive peak detecting device. The quantities of 5-HT and heparin contained in mast cell granules which are of the order of 10(-16) and 10(-13) g, respectively were expressed as relative fluorescence guanta. The results of measurements on representative samples of mast cell granules indicate that all granules contain heparin as well as 5-HT, and that there are large variations in both 5-HT and heparin content within the granule populations of individual cells. A dose dependent increase in 5-HT content in both cells and individual mast cell granules occurred 24 hr after the injection of 10--50 mg L-5-hydroxytryptophan/kg intraperitoneally. There was no evidence for an increase in the heparin content of granules or cells, indicating that a new synthesis of granular macromolecules is not required for the 5-HT uptake. The results further suggest that 5-HT may be stored initially in a cytoplasmic extragranular pool and then taken up in the mast cell granules.
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PMID:Cytofluorometric quantitation of 5-hydroxytryptamine and heparin in individual mast cell granules. 30 56

We investigated the issue of mast cell heterogeneity by cloning mast cell colonies from peritoneal cells in methylcellulose, injecting the cloned cells into the skin and stomach of mast cell-deficient (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv (WBB6F1-W/Wv) mice, and staining the mast cells that developed in these sites with Berberine sulfate, a fluorescent dye that identifies heparin-containing mast cells. When peritoneal cells of nontreated WBB6F1-+/+ mice were plated in methylcellulose containing pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium, pure mast cell colonies developed. In contrast, the peritoneal cavity of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice lacked the progenitor cells that made mast-cell colonies. The clonal nature of the mast cell colonies was determined by using the giant granules of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mice as a marker: even when mixture of peritoneal cells of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mice and C57BL/6-+/+ mice were plated, all of the resulting colonies consisted of either bgJ/bgJ-type mast cells alone or +/+-type mast cells alone. Individual mast c 11 colonies of WBB6F1-+/+ mouse origin were divided into two parts; one part was directly injected into the wall of the glandular stomach of a WBB6F1-W/Wv mouse, and another part was injected into the skin of the same W/Wv mouse. Injections of 14 of 46 such colonies resulted in development of mast cells in both the "connective tissues" (skin or stomach muscle or both) and the stomach mucosa. Mast cells in the connective tissues were stained with Berberine-sulfate, indicating that they contained heparin, whereas mast cells in the stomach mucosa were not. These results suggest that a single precursor cell can give rise to both "connective tissue-type" and "mucosal" mast cells.
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PMID:Formation of mast cell colonies in methylcellulose by mouse peritoneal cells and differentiation of these cloned cells in both the skin and the gastric mucosa of W/Wv mice: evidence that a common precursor can give rise to both "connective tissue-type" and "mucosal" mast cells. 286 58

We have isolated and characterized the human cardiac mast cell (CMC) and compared this novel mast cell (MC type with MC obtained from uterus, skin, and lung. Heart tissue was obtained from 14 patients with cardiomyopathy (CMP, heart transplantation). CMC were isolated by enzymatic digestion using collagenase, pronase-E, hyaluronidase, and DNAse. Substantial amounts of CMC (0.5% to 1.5% of isolated cells) were found in the atrial appendages but not in ventricular digests or other sites of the heart (< 0.1%). In situ staining of atrial tissue revealed the presence of CMC in the myocardium (2.16 +/- 0.7 MC/mm2), endocardium (2.24 +/- 0.9 MC/mm2), and epicardium. As assessed by combined toluidine blue/immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), isolated CMC expressed surface IgE, the receptor for stem cell factor (c-kit receptor/CD117), the p24 antigen (CD9), the Pgp-1 homing receptor (CD44), the pan leukocyte antigen (CD45), and the ICAM-1 antigen (CD54). CMC were not recognized by MoAbs to lymphocyte function associated antigen 2 (LFA-2; CD2), T-cell receptor (TcR; CD3), T4 antigen (CD4), LFA-1 alpha-chain (CD11a), C3biR alpha-chain (CD11b), CR4 alpha-chain (CD11c), LPS-R related Ag (CD14), 3-FAL/x-hapten (CD15), Fc gamma RIII (CD16), lactosylceramid (CDw17), the B-cell antigen CD19, or CR1 (CD35). In situ expression of leukocyte antigens on CMC was demonstrable by indirect immunoperoxidase staining technique and double-labeling immunohistochemistry. Almost all CMC (90%) reacted with MoAbs against tryptase and chymase and thus were MCTC. Cardiac mast cells were also stained by the heparin-binding dye Berberine sulfate and expressed measurable amounts of histamine (4.6 +/- 1.4 pg per cell). Cross linking of either IgE receptor or SCF receptor (c-kit) on CMC resulted in histamine secretion (non-specific release: < 6% of total histamine, alpha IgE induced: 12% to 52%; SCF-induced release: 9% to 18%), whereas neither substance P (a skin MC agonist) nor the basophil agonist FMLP showed an effect on CMC. Together, the CMC is an MCTC primarily located in the appendage of the atrium. This novel type of MC exhibits surface membrane antigen and functional properties similar to those of lung and uterus MC.
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PMID:The human cardiac mast cell: localization, isolation, phenotype, and functional characterization. 752 50

Mast cell hyperplasia and changes in phenotypic characteristics subsequent to myenteric and extrinsic denervation of a segment of rat jejunum were studied. The myenteric plexus and extrinsic nerves were ablated by serosal application of the cationic surfactant benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride. There was a four-fold increase in the number of mast cells in the smooth muscle layers 15 days after denervation. This increase was sustained for at least 90 days after treatment. No increase in mast cell number was observed in the villus-crypt axis of the jejunum. Berberine sulfate fluorescent detection of heparin-containing mast cells demonstrated that a change in mast cell phenotype occurred between 20 and 90 days after the denervation procedure. The fact that myeloperoxidase activity was the same in denervated and control tissue within 5 days of denervation demonstrates the lack of a chronic inflammatory reaction. Our results suggest that mast cells might play a role in the gut wall re-modeling processes.
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PMID:Proliferation of mast cells in the smooth muscle of denervated rat jejunum. 828 47