Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The synthesis and intracellular expression of glycosphingolipids by mouse serosal mast cells (SMC) have been characterized by radiolabeling and TLC and by immunodetection in situ. Chromatographic analysis of purified glycosphingolipids from SMC intrinsically labeled with [14C]galactose and [14C]glucosamine hydrochloride revealed the predominant synthesis of only the simplest neutral glycosphingolipid and ganglioside, glucosylceramide and ganglioside GM3, respectively. Intracellular indirect immunofluorescence staining of permeabilized SMC demonstrated the absence of the more complex neutral glycosphingolipids lactosylceramide, globotriosylceramide, globotetraosylceramide, and globopentaosylceramide, the absence of ganglioside GM1, and the presence of ganglioside GM3. By contrast, permeabilized mouse IL-3-dependent bone marrow culture-derived mast cells (BMMC) and mast cells recovered after 21 days of coculture of BMMC with mouse 3T3 fibroblasts expressed lactosylceramide, globotriosylceramide, globotetraosylceramide, ganglioside GM1, and ganglioside GM3, but not globopentaosylceramide intracellularly as determined by immunofluorescence. The findings indicate a loss of biosynthetic capacity and epitope maintenance for glycosphingolipids with in vivo differentiation of SMC from IL-3-dependent BMMC progenitors. Thus, although mast cells derived after coculture of these progenitors for 21 days with fibroblasts assume multiple SMC-like properties in terms of their histochemical staining and their secretory granule proteoglycan and neutral protease constituents, they do not lose the ability to express complex glycosphingolipids. The finding that glycosphingolipid composition does not change coordinately with other secretory granule markers defines a new stage of mouse mast cell development between the BMMC and SMC and provides evidence that mast cell development is more complex than previously appreciated.
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PMID:Mast cell heterogeneity. Differential synthesis and expression of glycosphingolipids by mouse serosal mast cells as compared to IL-3-dependent bone marrow culture-derived mast cells before or after coculture with 3T3 fibroblasts. 220 Aug 24

Releasability of mast cells and basophils to an IgE-dependent stimulus is regulated by extra- and intracellular factors which are only partly understood. As gangliosides are known to modulate receptor-dependent processes in various cell types, we have evaluated the effect of these molecules on mast cell mediator release. Human skin mast cells and the human mast cell line HMC1 were pretreated with the gangliosides GM2, GM3 and GD1a as well as with asialo-GM3, heparin and buffer alone (controls). After washing, the cells were stimulated with anti-IgE, calcium ionophore A 23187, N-FMLP or substance P. All gangliosides but not asialo-GM3 and heparin augmented anti-IgE-induced mediator release in a dose-dependent fashion, whereas the release to A 23187, N-FMLP and substance P remained unaffected. Only sequential but not simultaneous addition of ganglioside and anti-IgE showed an enhancement in mediator release compared to controls. Mediator release in both ganglioside-pretreated cells and controls was calcium-dependent and could be inhibited by pretreatment of cells with staurosporine or dibutyryl cAMP, indicating an unchanged signal transduction. Gangliosides appear to specifically optimize IgE-receptor-ligand interaction and alterations in cellular gangliosides could thus induce enhanced releasability as observed in atopics.
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PMID:Gangliosides enhance IgE receptor-dependent histamine and LTC4 release from human mast cells. 757 75

To investigate the modulated proliferation of an interleukin-3(IL-3)-dependent cell by exogenous ganglioside GM3, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) were cultured with various concentrations of GM3 in the presence of IL-3. By 4 weeks of culture, most of the nonadherent cells were alcian blue-positive mast cells. Culturing 2-week-cultured BMMC with GM3 for 1 week reduced the number of alcian blue-positive cells, but the increased total histamine content of BMMC was observed. To examine the effect of GM3 on the synergistic response by IL-3 and interleukin-4 (IL-4), 3-week-cultured BMMC were cultured with GM3 in the presence of IL-3 and IL-4 for 1 week. Although the addition of IL-4 to culture medium increased the number of BMMC, treatment with GM3 reduced its proliferative activity. Concerning the effect of GM3 on cell membrane, there are no changes in the expression of IgE receptors on BMMC treated with GM3 though a low concentration of GM3 increased it. However, the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from BMMC treated with GM3 was significantly suppressed. These results indicate that in vitro treatment with exogenous GM3 inhibited the proliferative response of IL-3-dependent mast cell populations and modulated its characteristics.
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PMID:Ganglioside GM3 inhibits interleukin-3-dependent bone marrow-derived mast cell proliferation. 762 Mar 68

Gangliosides are physiological components of the outer cell membrane. In the present study, the role of ganglioside expression during differentiation of human mast cells was evaluated. After 11 days of culture in medium known to induce mast cell differentiation, 70% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed positive staining for the high affinity IgE receptor and tryptase on immunocytochemistry and an associated 20-fold increase of ganglioside GM3 expression. Furthermore, exogenous addition of GM3 during cultivation of PBMC in medium containing low levels of growth factors induced an increase of mast cell specific tryptase. The association of ganglioside expression with mast cell differentiation was confirmed by experiments with the human mast cell line HMC-1. FcepsilonRI-positive cultured cells enriched with immunobeads exhibited a 3-fold higher expression of GM3, compared to FcepsilonRI negative HMC-1 cells. Furthermore, measurable amounts of the gangliosides GM2, GM1 and GD1a were found only in the FcepsilonRI positive cells. A corresponding transient increase of mRNA for GalNAcT, the key enzyme in the production of these latter gangliosides, could be detected preceding the expression of these gangliosides and the FcepsilonRI by RT-PCR. Taken together, these data point to a functional role of gangliosides in the differentiation of human mast cells.
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PMID:Alterations in ganglioside expression during the differentiation of human mast cells. 1053 64