Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mast cell is one of the major effector cells in inflammatory reactions and can be found in most tissues throughout the body. During inflammation, an increase in the number of mast cells can be seen, e.g., in the intraepithelial cell layer after a provoked allergic reaction. Such accumulation probably requires directed migration of mature mast cells or their precursors. To study the migration of human mast cells we used as a model the human mast cell line, HMC-1, and stem cell factor-dependent (also referred to as mast cell growth factor or Kit ligand) cord blood-derived mast cells. The results show that stem cell factor is a potent chemotactic factor for human mast cells in vitro. The chemotactic response to SCF was found to be dose dependent, reaching a maximum at 50 ng/ml. The activity of SCF could be blocked by anti-SCF Abs. We also tested the effect of different intercrines, i.e., IL-8, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, RANTES, and MCAF (also referred to as monocyte chemotactic protein 1), on human mast cell migration. Only RANTES was chemotactic for in vitro-developed mast cells. None of the tested intercrines induced migration of HMC-1 cells. For migration, the mast cells were dependent on binding to an extracellular matrix protein. Thus, coating of the filters with fibronectin was required, whereas collagen or laminin did not promote migration. Adhesion of HMC-1 cells to fibronectin could also be shown in an adhesion assay. In addition, expression of receptors for fibronectin could be detected on the surface of the mast cells. These results show that SCF is not only a growth and differentiation factor for human mast cells in vitro but also a potent chemoattractant for such cells.
 ...
PMID:Stem cell factor is a chemotactic factor for human mast cells. 752 4

Chemokines are proinflammatory peptides regulating the functions of various hematopoietic cells. We have analyzed the effects of seven recombinant human (rh) chemokines (MCAF, RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, IL-8, GRO, and IP-10) on the growth and function of human basophils and mast cells. We found that MCAF, but not RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, IL-8, GRO, or IP-10, causes direct and dose-dependent histamine release from basophils (MCAF, 5 micrograms/ml: 26.9 +/- 3.4%; other chemokines: < 5% of total histamine). An increased (2.1 to 3.5-fold) response to MCAF was obtained when basophils were preincubated with rh interleukin-3 (100 units/ml). Moreover, IL-3-primed basophils became responsive to physiologic concentrations (< 1 microgram/ml) of MCAF, IL-8, and RANTES. None of the chemokines tested was able to induce histamine secretion in mast cells obtained from lung (n = 2), skin (n = 1), uterus (n = 3), or tonsils (n = 3), even when cells had been preincubated with the mast cell agonist SCF. The chemokines also failed to modulate the expression of activation antigens (CD11b/C3biR, CD25/IL-2R beta, CD63, IL-3R alpha, CD117/c-kit) on the mast cell line HMC-1 or the basophil cell line KU-812 and were unable to induce differentiation of basophils or mast cells in culture. Together, our results show that basophils respond to rhIL-8, rhMCAF, and rhRANTES and that, unlike human basophils, human mast cells are unresponsive to recombinant chemokines.
 ...
PMID:Differential response of human basophils and mast cells to recombinant chemokines. 754 Dec 56