Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The possibility that VIP (Vasoactive intestinal peptide) could influence the enterochromaffin (EC) cell secretion of serotonin (5HT) and the action of VIP on the mast cell population of lamina propria were investigated in Wistar rat colon infused with a short chain fatty acid solution (sodium acetate), during a 1 h period. Under the action of an intravenous injection of synthetic porcine VIP, 14 micrograms/kg/h), the number of EC cells diminished significantly in the cecum and left colon, when compared to non-injected animals, both infused with a sodium acetate solution. At the same time, the number of mucosal mast cells in the crypts and lamina propria decreased significantly in the cecum. The postulate we put forward is that these VIP-induced changes are exerted through the stimulation of 5HT released from EC cells not only under normal physiological conditions but probably also under pathological conditions.
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PMID:Influence of VIP on the number of enterochromaffin and mucosal mast cells in the colon of the rat. 143 71

We recently demonstrated that cultured malignant schwannoma (MS)-derived cells can support human skin mast cell (HSMC) survival in vitro. Cultured HSMCs were spindleshaped in close contract with MS-derived cells, suggesting cell to cell interaction. To elucidate the mechanism of the enhanced HSMC survival in coculture with MS-derived cells and the cellular interactions between HSMC and MS-derived cells, we examined the immunocytochemical characteristics of MS-derived cells using immunofluorescence. Morphologically, cultured MS-derived cells were polygonal with abundant cytoplasm and resembled perineurial cells. The cultured cells immunoreacted positively with vimentin, fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV, but negatively with anti-S100 protein, anti-neuron specific enolase, and anti-neurofilament (68 kd, 145 kd, 200 kd) antibodies. MS-derived cells were distinct from Schwann cells in their lack of S100 protein and also distinguishable from endoneurial fibroblasts that produce fibronectin, but never expressed laminin or collagen IV. MS-derived cells thus possess the characteristics of perineurial cells in their general morphology and their immunocytochemical properties. Immunoreactivity for substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA) was found in the cytoplasm of these cells, particularly around the nuclei. Vasoactive intestinal peptide, somatostatin, and calcitonin gene related peptide were negative. From these findings, we characterized the MS-derived cell's in vitro properties and concluded that it is similar to a perineurial cell. The extracellular matrix protein, laminin, and fibronectin expressed in the MS-derived cell might contribute to HSMC survival and morphology through cell to matrix adhesion. Neuropeptides such as SP and NKA, expressed in the MS-derived cell, might play some role in enhanced HSMC survival in vitro.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical characterization of malignant schwannoma-derived cells in culture. 904 33

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has potent protective activity against sepsis and increases the survival rate of septic rats and mice. The present study was planned to evaluate the effect of VIP on mast cell activity, histamine and methylhistamine levels and oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys of septic rats. The effect of VIP was compared to that of nitric oxide synthesis inhibition, previously tested extensively in septic shock models, with doubtful benefit. The present study showed that endotoxic shock did not lead to oxidative stress in either liver or kidney of the rats. On the other hand, mast cells, based on their location, displayed functional heterogeneity to the septic insults. VIP possibly modulated the specific reactions of the tissues to mediators released from mast cells during septic shock. The most prominent effect of VIP as compared to nitric oxide synthesis inhibition was related to mast cells. In conclusion, the prevention of mast cell reactivity by VIP could be a potential therapeutic strategy in controlling septic shock.
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PMID:Vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibits degranulation and changes granular content of mast cells: a potential therapeutic strategy in controlling septic shock. 1070 23

Stem cell factor can induce mast cell proliferation and melanocyte activation. Vasoactive intestinal peptide has been suggested to play a part in inflammatory dermatoses, such as atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of stem cell factor in atopic dermatitis by analyzing epidermal stem cell factor production induced by vasoactive intestinal peptide and cytokines. Full-length type stem cell factor transcript was detected in normal human epidermal keratinocytes, and a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line DJM-1, as well as normal human dermal fibroblasts, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Spliced-type stem cell factor transcript was detected in both DJM-1 cells and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Western blot analysis with stem cell factor antibody revealed a protein of the known molecular size of membrane-bound stem cell factor in the lysates of all three cell types. Stem cell factor immunoreactivity was found in the cytoplasm and the membrane of both DJM-1 cells and normal human epidermal keratinocytes using confocal laser scanning microscope. We examined the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and cytokines on stem cell factor production of DJM-1 cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Stem cell factor contents significantly increased in culture supernatants of DJM-1 cells treated with 1000 nm vasoactive intestinal peptide and/or cytokines, including interleukins 4 and 13, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma. Overall, these results suggest that several inflammatory cytokines (T helper 1 and 2) and vasoactive intestinal peptide from mast cells and nerve endings are capable of inducing stem cell factor production from epidermal keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis.
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PMID:Vasoactive intestinal peptide and cytokines enhance stem cell factor production from epidermal keratinocytes DJM-1. 1244 10

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) prevents stress-induced gastric ulcers, inhibits mast cell degranulation and protects gastric tissue from lipid peroxidation. Histamine has an important role in the development of gastric ulcers and mast cell derived histamine might be essential in this process.
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PMID:Effects of the vasoactive intestinal peptide on stress-induced mucosal ulcers and modulation of methylation of histamine in gastric tissue of the rats. 1276 85