Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Codeine and other opiates can induce immediate type wheal and flare skin reactions. Calcium channel blockers including nifedipine have been shown to inhibit mast cell degranulation in different systems. The oral administration of nifedipine (10 mg) did not affect the size of codeine-induced skin reactions in ten normal volunteers. Mean wheal over flare sizes were 11.7 mm/29.2 mm before nifedipine and 11.5 mm/31.0 mm at peak nifedipine blood levels. Similar observations were made when codeine was injected locally with or without 20 micrograms nifedipine (12.1/29.2 mm and 13.2/29.2 mm, respectively). These data suggest that codeine-induced mast cell degranulation may be mediated by a calcium-independent mechanism. Alternatively, mast cells in the human skin may differ in their reactions to secretagogues when compared with basophils and mast cells from other human tissues or other species.
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PMID:Codeine-induced mast cell degranulation in human skin: effect of calcium channel blockers. 342 83

A 33-year-old Chinese woman with exercise-induced anaphylaxis after ingesting Chinese seafood noodle soup, was studied for skin test reactivity to food, histamine, and codeine. Prick skin tests were negative for shrimp, wheat, and chicken soup base, but were positive at 5 to 6 mm (wheal diameter) to the whole broth after it had been combined with the other ingredients. No significant (> 3 mm) wheals were observed in eight controls who were simultaneously tested with the broth. To assess the role of exercise, three series of skin tests were performed with histamine, codeine, and whole broth before and after aerobic exercise on two occasions. Codeine elicited consistent increases in wheal size after exercise compared with pre-exercise skin tests. Histamine and whole broth wheal sizes did not increase significantly. Three control subjects also had codeine and histamine skin tests before and after exercise, No exercise-associated increases were noted for codeine. Potential insights into mast cell abnormalities in exercise-induced anaphylaxis may be gained by skin testing patterns with codeine and other mast cell degranulating agents.
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PMID:Skin testing with food, codeine, and histamine in exercise-induced anaphylaxis. 850 42

1. This study examines the relative contributions made by inhibition of mast cell degranulation, reduction of mast cell recruitment and maturation, and lowering the responsiveness of the vasculature to histamine, in the inhibition by glucocorticoids of the weal and flare in human skin. 2. One forearm of healthy human volunteers was treated for 24 h (n=6) or daily for 21 days (n=10) with 0.05% clobetasol propionate. The other arm served as control. Weal and flare responses were elicited by intradermal injection of 20 microl of 0.3 mM codeine. The areas of the responses were measured using scanning laser Doppler imaging. Microdialysis was used to assess histamine release. Mast cell numbers and tissue histamine content were assessed in 4-mm punch biopsies. Histamine (20 microl of 1 microM i.d.) was used to assess the status of the vasculature. 3. No significant effects were seen at 24 h. At 21 days, clobetasol reduced the areas of the codeine-induced weal and flare responses by 59 and 58% respectively (both P=0.006). Mast cell numbers were reduced by 47%, (P=0.014) and total tissue histamine content by 52% (P=0.006). Codeine-induced histamine release was reduced by 44% (P=0.022). The weal, but not the flare, induced by histamine was significantly inhibited (P=0.019). Echography revealed a 15% thinning of the skin by clobetasol. 4. These results demonstrate that reduction of the weal and flare responses to codeine following clobetasol treatment, results primarily from reduced mast cell numbers and tissue histamine content rather than inhibition by corticosteroids of mast cell degranulation.
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PMID:Inhibition by glucocorticoids of the mast cell-dependent weal and flare response in human skin in vivo. 1115 88