Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment of "difficult" asthma requires good doctor-patient communication, patient education, and attention to precipitating factors as well as an aggressive drug regimen. Specific medications include inhaled sympathomimetic and anti-cholinergic bronchodilators, inhaled, oral and/or intravenous corticosteroids and, in certain circumstances, mast cell stabilizing drugs such as cromolyn sodium. The use of systemic theophyllines is currently undergoing critical reevaluation. There have been a number of recent developments in the search for steroid-sparing agents and drugs that inhibit inflammatory mediators felt to be important in the pathophysiology of asthma. Most of these drugs are still undergoing evaluation in multicentre clinical trials. The newer antiinflammatory agents, methotrexate and gold, should probably not be used on a routine basis except as part of randomized, ethically approved clinical trials.
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PMID:Treatment of the recalcitrant asthmatic. 257 88

Sympathomimetic bronchodilators relax bronchial smooth muscle via stimulation of the enzyme adenylcyclase. Furthermore, they stabilize the membrane of the bronchial mast cell. Therefore, they are used in the treatment of acute asthma as well as in long-term prophylaxis. A new generation of beta 2-receptor binding derivates of isoproterenol offers increased therapeutic safety because of a reduced risk of cardiovascular side effects. Three routes of medication are available. Parenteral therapy is reserved for the treatment of acute severe asthma. The oral route can be used for long-term medication in smaller children. Mist therapy offers the advantage of topic medication. Efficient handling of a metered-dose aerosol is beyond the capabilities of small children; these patients get their topic treatment by nebulized solutions. The relevant data of clinical pharmacology are summarized for all forms of medication. Focusing on the role of sympathomimetic drugs, a medication strategy for the treatment of acute asthma as well as for long-term prophylaxis is described.
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PMID:[Sympathomimetic drugs in the treatment of childhood asthma]. 714 59

Nasal allergy is due to a change in the immunoreactivity of an individual. B-lymphocytes produce allergen-specific IgE antibodies after the antigen is presented to T-helper cells. IgE bound to mast cells leads to mast cell activation in the case of antigen contact. Mast cells release mediators and induce local inflammation. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis are caused by various factors and are different in individuals, and hence therapy must be in accordance with the necessities in the individual. There are four principles of therapy in allergic rhinitis. The first and best is allergen avoidance. It is the first choice in animal allergy and important in mite allergy. It is difficult for mold allergy and impossible for pollen allergy. The second is immunotherapy. Immunotherapy is a specific form of controlled allergen admission that changes immunoreactivity into allergen tolerance in a major part of patients. Immunotherapy is a very important tool if performed by a physician with experience. The third principle is drug therapy. With todays drugs, it is still symptomatic. alpha-sympathomimetic vasoconstrictors administered systemically (and, still better, locally) relieve nasal stuffiness. Parasympatholytic drugs can abort pathological secretions. Cromoglycate (DNCG) is a local prophylactic drug improving all symptoms of allergic rhinitis. DNCG is the first choice in pollinosis. Antihistamines are usually given systemically, and the modern drugs have no sedative effect. Clinical effects are comparable to DNCG, and there are new substances available for local therapy. Steroids given systematically improve all symptoms of allergy and inflammation after a certain delay. Due to side effects, local steroids are preferred today.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Therapy of allergic rhinitis]. 810 4

The effect of alpha2-selective adrenoreceptor activation on nasal cavity dimension in an experimental model of congestion has not been defined. Presently, we used acoustic rhinometry to evaluate the decongestant activity of BHT-920, a selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist against nasal congestion produced by intranasal compound 48/80. Administration of the mast cell liberator compound 48/80 (1%) into a nasal passageway decreased ipsilateral volume and minimum cross-sectional area by 73 +/- 4% and 42 +/- 6%, respectively. The congestant effect of compound 48/80 was blocked by topical BHT-920 (0.3 and 1%) in a dose related manner. In addition, the decrease in minimum cross-sectional area produced by compound 48/80 was attenuated after topical BHT-920 treatment. As a comparison we also evaluated the topical decongestant activity effects of the alpha1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine, and the nonselective alpha-agonist oxymetazoline. Both phenylephrine (0.1-1.0%) and oxymetazoline (0.01-0.3%) produced decongestion. The blood pressure effects of these three drugs also were evaluated. At doses of 0.3 and 1.0%, BHT-920 did not produce hypertension. In contrast, oxymetaZoline (0.01-0.1%) produced a transient hypertension that peaked at 15 minutes and fully recovered 45 minutes after administration. The hypertensive effect of phenylephrine at 0.3 and 1.0% lasted over 60 minutes. The present findings indicate that selective alpha2-agonists may produce decongestant activity with an improved cardiovascular profile compared with current sympathomimetic drugs such as phenylephrine.
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PMID:Intranasal application of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist BHT-920 produces decongestion in the cat. 1177 50

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa with hypersensitivity resulting from seasonal or perennial responses to specific environmental allergens and by symptoms like nasal rubbing, sneezing, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, nasal congestion and obstruction, and less frequently cough. KOB extracts, which is a polyherbal medicine consisting of 5 different herbs (Atractylodes macrocephala, Astragalus membranaceus, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Ostericum koreanum and Scutellaria baicalensis) had commonly been used for the treatment of various allergic diseases showed an anti-allergic effect by modulating mast cell-mediated allergic responses in allergic rhinitis, recently. On the other hand, pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used to relieve congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis and common colds. Considering the KOB's therapeutic mechanism, the combination with pseudoephedrine would be suitable for allergic rhinitis. This study is to obtain an effective extended release formulation using pseudoephedrine and KOB extracts to reduce side effects of drug due to repeated dosing and improve the compliance of patients for treatment of rhinitis and nasal decongestion. So, the fixed-dose combination tablet of pseudoephedrine and KOB extracts was prepared by direct compression and characterized by drug content, flowing characteristics and dissolution test. The drug content of baicalin of KOB extracts was within the range of 95-105% except for T1 formulation. The hardness and friability values of all formulations ranged from 9 to 13 kp and less than 1%, respectively. Taken together, T4 or T8 could be a stable fixed-dose combination tablet for extended release of pseudoephedrine and KOB extracts for nasal rhinitis.
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PMID:A stable fixed-dose combination tablet of pseudoephedrine and KOB extracts for the extended release. 2378 Apr 99