Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a profuse rhinorrhea in addition to paroxysms of sneezing, nasal congestion, and pruritus. To define better the sources of nasal secretion produced during rhinitis, nasal allergen challenges were performed on nine atopic subjects with seasonal rhinitis. A single dose of allergen was sprayed into one side of the nose, and nasal lavages were collected bilaterally for 7 hours. Nasal lavages were assayed for protein (total protein, albumin, lactoferrin, and lysozyme) and mediator (histamine and prostaglandin D2) content. Protein concentrations increased and remained elevated above baseline levels in both ipsilateral and contralateral secretions for up to 3 hours after allergen challenge. The proportion of albumin relative to total protein (the albumin percent) increased on the ipsilateral side, whereas the relative proportions of lactoferrin and lysozyme (the lactoferrin percent and lysozyme percent) increased on the contralateral side. Prostaglandin D2, but not histamine, increased selectively on the ipsilateral side. These data suggest that the ipsilateral protein secretory response is due to allergen-induced mast cell mediator release causing increased vascular permeability, whereas the contralateral protein secretory response is primarily a reflex-induced glandular secretion.
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PMID:The pathophysiology of rhinitis. V. Sources of protein in allergen-induced nasal secretions. 171 3

Two assays have been done to evaluate the effect of immunotherapy in nasal allergy. First, a trial of nasal immunotherapy and second, the study of mediator release after vaccines. Local immunotherapy, applied directly, triggers different response mechanisms. Specific nasal immunotherapy started before seasonal or perennial symptoms peak, has been done by increasing the doses of allergen three times a week during a 3-month period and a manutention period of a weekly nasal puff of the same allergen. Symptom scores and drug consumption have been registered. The results have been compared with the scores obtained in the same patients over the same period of the same year before immunotherapy. In perennial rhinitis blockage, rhinorrea, sneezing and itching scores all decreased. In seasonal rhinitis, a similar score decrease was obtained for blockage, rhinorrea, sneezing and itching. Pharmacological scores also decreased. These data point to a short-term effect of nasal immunotherapy. Tryptase release has been evaluated in nasal washings after nasal challenge with a Parietaria (Pellitory wall) extract before and after specific systemic immunotherapy, in order to evaluate changes in mast cells reactivity. Eight patients were studied, all allergic to Parietaria. Nasal provocation tests have been done before the season with increasing doses of 10, 100 and 1000 PNU and tryptase assayed in nasal washings at 10, 20 and 30 min after provocation. Immunotherapy decreased tryptase release after nasal challenge. The data point to the effect of systemic specific immunotherapy on mast cell reactivity.
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PMID:Local and systemic immunotherapy in nasal allergy. 1057 7

Two types of allergic rhinitis are differentiated: seasonal rhinitis caused in particular by pollen allergens, and the perennial form caused by such year-round allergens as house dust (mites), moulds and animal hair. The diagnosis is based on a comprehensive history (family/occupation/environment), clinical symptoms, a rhinoscopic examination, and testing for allergens, e.g. conjunctival tests, prick test or nasal provocative test. The treatment of choice is elimination of the allergens as completely as possible. An additional causal therapeutic option is specific immune therapy (SIT) which, however, is contraindicated in the presence of intercurrent infections, use of beta blockers and immunodeficiency. Available medications include mast cell stabilizers, antihistaminic agents and corticosteroids, which are applied in stepped fashion, depending upon severity. In addition, adjuvant surgical measures may improve obstructive symptoms.
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PMID:[Allergic rhinitis to be diagnosed and treated correctly. Tips for a runny nose]. 1268 24