Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Conjunctival biopsies from 11 patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) and from 13 age-matched healthy individuals undergoing cataract surgery were analyzed by light microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. Histology of AKC specimens showed goblet cell proliferation, epithelial pseudotubular formation, eosinophil and mast cell invasion of the epithelium, and pronounced mononuclear cell infiltration of the substantia propria, often with frank granuloma formation. Epithelium of AKC conjunctiva showed significantly more T cells (CD3+, CD5+), T-helper cells (CD4+), macrophages (Mac-1+, CD14+), activated T cells, (CD25+), and dendritic cells (CD1+), and a higher helper/suppressor ratio than did control subjects. In the substantia propria, AKC specimens showed dramatically increased inflammatory cell infiltration with significantly more cells staining, in order of frequency, for T-cells (CD3+, CD5+), T-helper cells (CD4+), T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells (CD8+), macrophages (CD14+, Mac-1+) activated T cells (CD25+), B cells (CD22+), and dendritic cells (CD1+, HLA-DR+). Fifty-three percent of T cells in the substantia propria expressed the interleukin-2 receptor protein (CD25+). These findings indicate that the chronic conjunctivitis of AKC is complex, with activated T-cells and macrophages dramatically participating in the process. Successful long-term control of the potentially binding conjunctival inflammation of this disease is likely to require therapeutic strategies directed toward more than just the mast cell component of the process.
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PMID:Immunopathology of atopic keratoconjunctivitis. 192 55

Disodium cromoglycate has recently been approved for ophthalmic treatment of certain types of conjunctivitis in the United States. This mast cell inhibitor is effective in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, chronic conjunctivitis, and giant papillary conjunctivitis, especially when a history of atopic disorders or moderately low blood IgE levels are present. This literature review provides a foundation for understanding the balance between the therapeutic efficacy, clinical benefits and side effects in treating IgE-mediated conjunctivitis with disodium cromoglycate.
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PMID:Ophthalmic disodium cromoglycate. 393 47

Seasonal atopic conjunctivitis is treated with antihistamines, cromoglycate and short courses of corticosteroids, in severe cases with subcutaneous or sublingual immunotherapy. Chronic conjunctivitis requires year-round treatment with mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines or topical corticosteroids. Long-term treatment of atopic blepharoconjunctivitis consists of tacrolimus or pimecrolimus cream. For atopic keratoconjunctivitis corticosteroid and, if necessary, cyclosporine eye drops are needed. First-line therapy of vernal conjunctivitis involves mast cell stabilizers and, if necessary, corticosteroid eye drops. Treatment of non-allergic eosinophilic conjunctivitis involves mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroid and, if necessary, cyclosporine eye drops.
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PMID:[Treatment of eye allergies]. 2242 83

Chronic allergic conjunctivitis (CAC) or perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) is the most frequent form of allergy of the conjunctiva that is encountered in Northern Europe, particularly in city areas. Itching, redness of the mucosa, swelling of the lids and tearing are the main symptoms. Seasonal factors and associated rhinitis are often noted. Symptoms may respond to antiallergic drugs. In contrast, there are generally no specific signs of the disease on slitlamp examination. Most of the time the mucosal aspect (papillary, follicular or atrophic type) is common to other forms of conjunctival allergy. Non-specific factors may predispose to the appearance of CAC, such as an intolerance to a contact lens, a local infection, or a trauma of the eye. Astigmatism, heterophoria and photosensitization may also be triggering agents for the appearance of symptoms of an authentic CAC in an atopic patient. The close association between allergic and non-specific factors may explain the possibility of unilateral forms of CAC and, most of all, the frequent association of CAC to other forms of chronic conjunctivitis. The diagnosis relies on good clinical evaluation of both symptoms and signs. Serum IgE levels are elevated in no more than 30% of cases while tear levels of IgE are more often pathological (over 50% of cases); skin-testing remains the best method for confirming the diagnosis. In most cases it indicates an allergy to house dust and/or mites. Elimination of the offending allergen is the first treatment in CAC. Antiallergic drugs are also effective, such as antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers, nedocromil sodium being very efficient in this respect. In cases where this kind of treatment cannot be pursued indefinitely, specific desensitization to house dust or mites is effective and induces a prompt resolution of symptoms, whereas signs will persist a long time. All non-specific factors associated with the allergy should also be carefully considered and treated, although results are better in pure rather than associated clinical forms of CAC.
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PMID:Chronic allergic conjunctivitis. 2282 84