Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized by sudden episodes of vomiting and abdominal pain. It occurs primarily in children, is exacerbated by stress, and is often considered a migraine equivalent. Migraines have been linked to mast cells, which are often found close to neurons where they are activated by neuropeptides. We investigated the ultrastructural appearance of rat ileal brush border and mast cells following acute stress by immobilization. The effect of sulfated proteoglycans heparin and chondroitin sulfate was also tested on mast cell histamine secretion. Ileal brush border appeared intact in control animals, but was shorter and exhibited intercellular gaps after 30 min of acute immobilization stress. Mast cell activation in control rats was minimal, while stress induced obvious signs of activation as judged from disappearance of secretory granule electron dense contents. However, these intragranular changes were not accompanied by typical degranulation through exocytosis. Treatment of purified homogeneic rat peritoneal mast cells with 10(-4) M heparin or chondroitin sulfate 30 min prior to stimulation with 0.5 microg/ml compound 48/80 decreased histamine release by over 70% and 50% (P < 0.05), respectively. These results suggest the possible usefulness of chondroitin sulfate in conditions such as cyclic vomiting syndrome.
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PMID:Stress-induced rat intestinal mast cell intragranular activation and inhibitory effect of sulfated proteoglycans. 1049 45

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a disorder characterized by recurrent, discrete, stereotypical episodes of nausea and vomiting. Although chronic or recurrent appendicitis may be a cause of recurrent abdominal pain, it rarely meets the diagnostic criteria for cyclic vomiting syndrome. Furthermore, mast cell counts are histologically high in chronic appendicitis. We report a 10-year-old Japanese girl with a cyclic pattern of vomiting that met the stringent diagnostic criteria for cyclic vomiting syndrome, and which was resolved after appendectomy. Histopathologic examination of the resected appendix showed not only acute mucosal inflammation but also chronic inflammatory changes. Because we speculated that recurrent or chronic appendicitis may have been related to the patient's vomiting bouts, we also immunohistochemically investigated the density of mast cells in the specimen. We found that the mast cell density was markedly high in the lamina propria of the appendix. In our patient, a type I hypersensitivity reaction with release of mediators by mast cells could have been the initial factor triggering the recurrent appendicitis, and this stressor could have initiated the vomiting cascade. In conclusion, chronic or recurrent appendicitis could be one of the causes of cyclic vomiting, and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of cyclic vomiting syndrome.
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PMID:Resolution of cyclic vomiting after appendectomy in a girl. 2170 64