Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with histopathologically proved sarcoidosis were studied serially by means of bronchoalveolar lavage, initially at the time of diagnosis and then six and 12 months later. Two years later they were evaluated by chest radiography and lung function tests and classified in terms of recovery or progression over the previous two years. The recovery of lymphocytes and granulocytes in lavage fluid was of limited prognostic value for persistent lung disease. In contrast, patients with increased numbers of mast cells recovered by lavage were more likely to deteriorate. Significantly increased mast cell counts (greater than or equal to 0.5% of total cells recovered) were seen in at least one lavage investigation in 15 of the 16 patients with more active and progressive disease, but in only eight of 23 patients with inactive disease (p less than 0.001). A persistent increase of mast cells on serial measurement occurred in nine of the 16 patients with active disease and in four of the 23 patients in whom the disease was inactive (p less than 0.02). The finding in the two subsequent lavages of lymphocytosis (lymphocytes greater than 30% of recovered cells) or neutrophilia (neutrophils greater than 15%) combined with mastocytosis (mast cells greater than or equal to 0.5%) occurred in nine of the 16 patients with active disease but in no patients with inactive disease.
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PMID:Predictive value of bronchoalveolar lavage cell analysis in sarcoidosis. 340 15

Cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), including phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes, was performed on 32 Standardbreds with poor race performance and endoscopic examination findings characteristic of inflammatory airway disease (IAD). Nucleated cell counts in BALF from IAD-affected horses were higher than those in control horses; the cytologic profile of BALF in affected horses included mixed inflammation, characterized by mild neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis. Eosinophil and mast cell counts were not higher in the IAD-affected group, compared with those in the control group; however, 4 IAD-affected horses had marked eosinophilia (24.7 +/- 4.8% SEM) in BALF. Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes in BALF obtained from IAD-affected horses revealed a low proportion of CD4-positive cells and B cells, compared with those in the control group; these findings may have been representative of a greater proportion of non-B, non-T cells (null cells) in horses with IAD. The cytologic profile of BALF obtained from horses with IAD differed from that in horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, suggesting that the pathogenesis of inflammation in horses with IAD may differ from that of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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PMID:Cytologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from standardbred racehorses with inflammatory airway disease. 766 48

The ligand for c-kit, known as stem cell factor, mast cell growth factor, or kit ligand, plays a central role in normal hematopoietic stem cell, melanocyte, and gametocyte development and function during embryogenesis and in adult life. In vitro, stem cell factor promotes the survival of hematopoietic progenitors and enhances their proliferation in response to specific growth factors. Administration of recombinant soluble stem cell factor to rodents, dogs, and baboons produces a broad array of effects on hematopoiesis, though not all lineages are equally stimulated. At doses of more than 100 micrograms/kg/d stem cell factor stimulates neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, basophilia, and reticulocytosis and increases mast cells in multiple tissues. In vivo mast cell activation can occur. Marrow cellularity is increased and progenitor cells are increased in marrow, spleen, and blood, and marrow-repopulating cells are increased in the circulation of stem cell factor-treated animals. Stem cell factor synergizes with other hematopoietic growth factors in vivo. Low-dose stem cell factor, 25 micrograms/kg/d, that does not elicit a detectable biological response, enhances the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in vivo, increasing the neutrophilia and circulation of progenitor and marrow-repopulating cells above that which is achieved with either factor alone. In phase I human trials, dose-limiting toxicities, related to mast cell activation, were reached at 25 to 50 micrograms/kg/d of recombinant human stem cell factor. At these doses, progenitor and long-term culture-initiating cells are increased in marrow and increases in circulating levels of progenitor cells of multiple types are observed. Phase I-II trials of low-dose stem cell factor in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor show that the combination increases the circulation of CD34+ cells and colony-forming progenitor cells. Further studies are needed to determine the therapeutic role of stem cell factor and its effects on expansion and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo.
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PMID:Stimulation of hematopoiesis in vivo by stem cell factor. 937 Dec 81

Systemic mastocytosis is a disease characterized by multifocal mast cell proliferation in the bone marrow or other extracutaneous organs. Because of loosely scattered and hypo-/agranular mast cells, the diagnosis is sometimes very difficult. In the bone marrow, mast cell infiltration may be associated with prominent lymphoid infiltration leading to a misdiagnosis of a low grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A 49-year-old woman presented with right arm and leg pain, psychiatric symptoms, and diarrhea for four years. Physical examination and laboratory investigation revealed hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, mild thrombocytosis, mild leucocytosis and lymphocytosis. In the bone marrow biopsy, there was a prominent B lymphocyte proliferation reminiscent of a low grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma/leukemia and there were some spindle cells aggregates in paratrabecular location. The consecutive bone marrow biopsies were similar to the first. The subsequent splenectomy specimen exhibited striking fibrosis. In the lymph node sections, there was marginal zone hyperplasia. Multifocal accumulations of mast cells were strongly positive with mast cell tryptase and CD117 on immunohistochemical staining, though no metachromasia was identified in Giemsa and Toluidine Blue stained aspirates and tissue sections, probably due to hypo-/agranulation of mast cells. The case was presented to emphasize the importance of the antibody to mast cell tryptase in the diagnosis of mastocytosis and to discuss problems of differential diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis.
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PMID:Systemic mastocytosis presenting with a prominent B lymphocyte proliferation in the bone marrow and extensive fibrosis of the spleen. 1747 86