Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multiple mRNA species encoding several predicted forms of the high-affinity IgE receptor alpha subunit (Fc epsilon RI-alpha) have been previously characterized from rat basophilic leukemia cells. Using the polymerase chain reaction procedure, we have extended these findings to show that one Fc epsilon RI-alpha mRNA variant, characterized by a 163-bp deletion within the coding sequence, exists in normal rat connective tissue mast cells as well as in both transformed and non transformed murine mast cell lines. In addition, a partial murine Fc epsilon RI-alpha genomic clone, spanning the internal-deletion sequence, has been identified, and from analysis of this sequence a mechanism of alternative pre-mRNA splicing is proposed. Finally, mRNA variants have been translated in a cell-free system and the protein products partially characterized.
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PMID:mRNA variants encoding multiple forms of the high-affinity IgE receptor alpha subunit in transformed and nontransformed mast cells. 183 35

The authors describe eight cases of acute basophilic leukemia. In six of the eight cases, basophilic involvement was not apparent by light microscopic examination. The cases were identified on the basis of ultrastructural evidence for basophil/mast cell differentiation of the blasts with little or no differentiation into other lineages. Ultrastructural analysis revealed immature basophil granules in blasts in all eight cases and theta granules in blasts in four cases. In three cases, ultrastructural evidence of mast cell differentiation also was present, with rare cells showing evidence for both basophil and mast cell differentiation. No clinical features distinguished this group of patients from others with acute myeloid leukemia. Cytogenetically, the cases were heterogeneous. Three had a Philadelphia chromosome; none had a t(6;9). The authors conclude that ultrastructural analysis usually must be used to diagnose acute basophilic leukemia, that acute basophilic leukemia is associated frequently with the Philadelphia chromosome, and that the ultrastructural findings provide evidence for a common origin of basophils and mast cells.
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PMID:Acute basophilic leukemia. A clinical, morphologic, and cytogenetic study of eight cases. 825 17

A survey of the occurrence of mast cell tumours in CD-1 mice (Caesarian derived) recorded nine tumours in 24352 mice used for carcinogenicity studies over a period of six years (1984-1989). All except one appeared as multi centric tumours. Three of the mice had deposits only in the bone marrow, one of those cases was associated with intestinal adenocarcinoma and harderian gland adenoma. Case four had deposits in lung, thymus, lymph nodes, liver, spleen and kidney and occurred in association with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and pleomorphic lymphoma. Case five showed the tumour deposits in mesenteric lymph nodes and liver. Case six showed deposits of the tumour in lung, liver, kidney and bone marrow and in this case there was also a cutaneous fibrosarcoma. Case seven was diagnosed as mast cell leukaemia. Case eight was a subcutaneous tumour, case nine showed subcutaneous deposits and deposits in lungs, lymph nodes, liver, spleen and bone marrow.
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PMID:Mast cell tumours in CD-1 mice. 190 30

The carcinogenic effect of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) was examined in the virgin female Japanese house musk shrew, Suncus murinus (family: Soricidae, order: Insectivora). Leukemia, musk gland tumors, pilosebaceous tumors and sarcomas were induced in the DMBA-treated shrews, whereas none of the controls developed any tumors up to 50 weeks of age. DMBA emulsion was administered i.p. at a dose of 1.25 or 2.5 mg once a week, with either four or eight doses being given from 8 weeks of age. Leukemia developed in 100% (9/9), 50% (5/10), 56% (5/9) and 0% (0/10) of the animals treated with a total dose of 20 mg (8 x 2.5 mg), 10 mg (8 x 1.25 mg), 10 mg (4 x 2.5 mg) and 5 mg (4 x 1.25 mg) of DMBA respectively. Leukemia was of the lymphatic and/or mast cell type, and the spleen was the organ invariably involved. A dose-dependent effect of DMBA was not observed for pilosebaceous and musk gland tumors. When 1 mg of DMBA powder was dusted into the subcutaneous tissue at 4 weeks of age, sarcomas developed at the dusted site (69%; 9/13).
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PMID:Induction of tumors in the Japanese house musk shrew, Suncus murinus (Insectivora), by dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. 190 23

Functional interactions between mast cells and peripheral nerves may occur at sites of association seen in vivo. To study the interactions, we developed a tissue culture model of murine sympathetic neurons co-cultured with rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-2H3) cells (homologues of mucosal mast cells) or rat peritoneal mast cells. In co-cultures of up to 3 days, light microscopy identified neurite contacts with peritoneal mast cells or RBL-2H3 cells, but not with glial cells or fibroblasts. Electron microscopy confirmed membrane-membrane contact between neurites and RBL-2H3 cells. Time-lapse analysis of interactions between neurons and RBL-2H3 cells showed that 60-100% of the cells in a given field acquired neurite contact within 17 h. In matching control studies, there was no increase in the frequency of neurite contact with cells of the rat plasmacytoma line (YB2/0): these were not selected as targets, and contacts were broken if formed. Time-lapse records of the derivation of neurites from their path suggested a neurotropic effect of mast cells, with neurite contact ensuing when the intervening distance was less than 36 +/- 4 microns. Once formed, contacts were invariably maintained throughout the period of examination (up to 72 h), in contrast to YB2/O or fibroblast contacts. We conclude that neurons selectively form and maintain connections with cells representative of rat connective tissue-type and mucosal mast cells in vitro. Similar interactions in vivo could promote nerve/mast cell contacts, which may allow bidirectional communication between the nervous and immune systems.
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PMID:Formation of contacts between mast cells and sympathetic neurons in vitro. 191 74

Mastocytoses are diseases caused by proliferating mast cells infiltrating one or more organs. The spectrum of mastocytosis includes the cutaneous forms urticaria pigmentosa and solitary mastocytoma (about 90% of mastocytoses) and systemic forms affecting other organs. Infiltrates are most often found in the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and liver, but any organ may be affected. Patients with systemic mastocytosis may or may not have urticaria pigmentosa. About 35% of patients without urticaria pigmentosa have an associated malignant haematological disease and a poor prognosis. Symptoms caused by mast cell mediator release are best treated with antihistamines, but several other drugs may be used if the response is unsatisfactory. Many antineoplastic drugs have been tried to combat aggressive mastocytoses and mast cell leukaemia, but the results have been disappointing.
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PMID:[Mastocytosis]. 195 56

Individuals with systemic mast cell disease (SMCD) may develop various hematologic abnormalities, including cytopenias, myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic syndromes, lymphoproliferative syndromes, and primary or secondary leukemias. Management of those patients is often complicated by their associated hematologic abnormalities. In the case of non-malignant hematologic syndromes, the approach to management is supportive. At present, overt malignancies are managed with traditional chemotherapy. The presence of leukemia in patients with mast cell disease usually indicates a grave prognosis.
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PMID:Hematologic aspects of mastocytosis: II: management of hematologic disorders in association with systemic mast cell disease. 200 65

Blood findings in 61 cases of generalized mastocytosis (GM) were evaluated. The cases were divided into two major variants: Systemic mastocytosis (SM; n = 34) with urticaria pigmentosa-like skin lesions, and malignant mastocytosis (MM; n = 27), without skin involvement. The following results were obtained: (1) Significant differences between MM and SM were found in the main haematological parameters (erythrocyte, platelet and leucocyte counts and haemoglobin level); normal values were found in 16 of the SM cases, but never in MM. (2) The main pathological findings were: in SM, anaemia (9/34) and leucocytosis (5/34); and in MM, leucocytosis (19/27), monocytosis (14/27), eosinophilia (12/27), bicytopenia (12/27, mostly anaemia with thrombocytopenia), basophilia (10/27) and isolated anaemia (7/27). (3) The major finding was a significant difference between MM and SM in the incidence of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), myelodysplasia and mast cell leukaemia (MCL): these disorders occurred in 23 (92%) MM patients, but only in two (6%) SM patients (P less than 0.001). The four instances of MCL and two of myelodysplasia all occurred with MM. Of the 19 cases of MPD, six (SM, 1; MM, 5) were acute variants (acute myeloid and myelomonocytic leukaemias) and 13 (SM, 1; MM, 12) were chronic variants. No case of malignant lymphoma was noted. (4) The blood picture in 10 of 13 chronic MPD cases represented an atypical chronic myeloid leukaemia for which the preliminary descriptive term 'mastocytosis-associated MPD' is proposed. (5) A survey of 103 published cases (SM, 77; MM, 26) yielded similar findings, including a high incidence of MPD and MCL in MM. These findings add further weight to the argument for recognizing SM and MM as two separate entities.
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PMID:Blood findings in generalized mastocytosis: evidence of frequent simultaneous occurrence of myeloproliferative disorders. 201 71

Twelve continuous rat tissue cultured mast cell (MC) lines were established by prolonged culture of rat peritoneal MC in the absence of added factors or feeder layers. Two of these lines, RCMC1 and RCMC2, have been briefly described previously, seven others are now also described. Both RCMC1 and RCMC2 lack a marker chromosomes present on RBL-CA10.7 cells. All lines were found to express the phenotype of mucosal MC as defined by alcian blue-positive and safranin O-negative staining, the presence of rat MC protease II and a low histamine content. When analyzed for high-(Fc epsilon RI) and low-affinity (Fc epsilon RL) receptors for IgE, the various lines yielded a variety of receptor patterns. Northern blot analysis of the RNA of RCMC1, RCMC2 and RBL-CA10.7 revealed that all three cell lines contained the same mRNA species for the alpha, beta and gamma subunits for Fc epsilon RI previously found in another rat basophilic leukemia cell line. Quantitation of the relative amounts of alpha, beta and gamma mRNA did not correlate with the expression of the relative amounts of Fc epsilon RI(alpha) in these cells. The relative amounts of mRNA for all these subunits of RCMC2 were equal or higher than those of RCMC1, suggesting that the low expression of Fc epsilon RI(alpha) on the former was a consequence of post-transcriptional events. Analysis of a RCMC1 clone over a 6-month period revealed changes in the expression of both Fc epsilon RI(alpha) and Fc epsilon RL.
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PMID:Characterization of rat tissue cultured mast cells. 213 80

The elevation of free intracellular Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i) is widely recognised as a central event in many signal transduction processes in cellular physiology. Recent advances in optical techniques for measuring [Ca2+]i as well as developments in quantitative low light level fluorescence microscopy have led to the application of these methods to the study of subcellular [Ca2+]i in many biological systems. In the following paper we describe some techniques in our laboratory to provide quantitative high spatio-temporal resolution measurements of [Ca2+]i in individual living cells during the signal transduction of cell surface receptor ligand interactions. In particular, we are studying the changes in [Ca2+]i induced by the micro-aggregation of immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor complexes on the surface of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells (a tumor mast cell line) by multivalent antigen. We seek to understand the mechanisms which are involved in the detection of these cell surface events which lead to changes in [Ca2+]i as well as the interactions between the various subcellular components which impart the delicate control of [Ca2+]i during cellular stimulation. The limitations and properties of the technology used for these studies will be discussed, and some illustrative examples of the type of [Ca2+]i changes found in this biological system will be given.
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PMID:Imaging [Ca2+]i dynamics during signal transduction. 214 2


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