Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lamicel is a synthetic hydrophilic polymer tent which produces cervical softening and dilatation when inserted into the endocervical canal. To investigate the mechanism of action of Lamicel, the intrauterine pressure and levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha), 13-14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2alpha, estradiol, and progesterone in plasma and amniotic fluid were measured in patients undergoing 2nd trimester abortion. There was no significant change in any of the measured hormones during a 2 hour treatment with Lamicel, but uterine activity increased significantly for 10 minutes after insertion, then settled spontaneously to below pretreatment levels. Peripheral plasma levels of magnesium sulphate measured in patients undergoing 1st trimester abortion were not significantly raised after Lamicel insertion. Light microscopic examination of cervical specimens, obtained at hysterectomy from pretreated patients with Lamicel for 24 hours, revealed minimum increases in vascularity, mast cell population, and ground substance mucopolysaccharides.
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PMID:Cervical dilatation by Lamicel--studies on the mechanism of action. 668 53

In anuran metamorphosis, histoincompatible adult cells arise within an immunocompetent larval body. However, the larvae are unresponsive to these altered-self cells. The basis for this tolerance is an issue of considerable interest. While a loss of tolerance in mammalian pregnancy may initiate localized abortion, since the entire metamorphic amphibian is involved, there is the potential for total body self-destruction. Metamorphosing Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad, produce an internal corticosterone environment that induces T-cell anergy. This impairment may save the animal from immune self-destruction. Here we examine the capacity of recombinant gene produced human interleukin 2 (IL-2) to substitute for, or restore the level of autologous IL-2, as a further test of whether the altered-self tolerance found during metamorphosis may rely on corticosteroid-induced anergy. We find that the capacity of rIL-2 to break this tolerance and stimulate mortality is low, unless it is accompanied by antigenic co-stimulation. A study of sections of experimental and control animals revealed lymphocyte and mast cell increases within the kidney, particularly in the region of the coelomoduct, perhaps reflecting autoimmune reactivity responsible for the mortality.
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PMID:Interleukin-2-induced mortality during the metamorphosis of Xenopus laevis. 883 84

Stress induces CRH secretion that activates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is also abortogenic. In addition to hypothalamus, CRH and its analog urocortin (Ucn) are also secreted locally outside the brain where they activate mast cells leading to inflammation; however, the level of CRH and Ucn or mast cell mediators has not been examined in products of conception (POC). CRH and Ucn were measured by enzyme immunoassay, tryptase by fluoroenzyme immunoassay, and IL-8 by ELISA in POC of 7-9 wk gestation from Caucasian women; they were divided into group I with elective abortions (n = 4), group II with one spontaneous abortion (n = 12), and group III with at least two spontaneous abortions (n = 7). CRH, Ucn, tryptase, and IL-8 levels were higher (P < 0.05) in group III (8683 +/- 1201 pg/g, 7961 +/- 1499 pg/g, 1553 +/- 572 ng/g, and 8317 +/- 1874 pg/g, respectively) than group II (2561 +/- 314 pg/g, 2349 +/- 394 pg/g, 403 +/- 97 ng/g, and 3199 +/- 449 pg/g, respectively) and group I (163 +/- 162 pg/g, 328 +/- 327 pg/g, 72 +/- 31 ng/g, and 3681 +/- 931 pg/g, respectively). Immunostaining of POC showed significantly more tryptase in group III women. High POC levels of CRH and Ucn under stress in habitual spontaneous abortions may activate uterine mast cells to secrete abortogenic tryptase and IL-8.
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PMID:High levels of intrauterine corticotropin-releasing hormone, urocortin, tryptase, and interleukin-8 in spontaneous abortions. 1460 8

The toxic kernel cake of Jatropha curcas (KCakeJ) is an emerging health and environmental concern. Although phorbol esters are widely recognized as the major toxin of KCakeJ, convincing evidence is absent. Here, we show that rather than phorbol esters an isomeric mixture of 11-hydroxy-9E-octadecenoic acid, 12-hydroxy-10E-octadecenoic acid and 12-hydroxy-10Z-octadecenoic acid (hydroxy-octadecenoic acids, molecular formula C18H34O3) is the major toxic component. The toxicities of hydroxy-octadecenoic acids on experimental animals, e.g. acute lethality, causing inflammation, pulmonary hemorrhage and thrombi, allergies, diarrhea and abortion, are consistent with those on human/animals caused by Jatropha seed and/or KCakeJ. The hydroxyl group and the double bond are essential for hydroxy-octadecenoic acids' toxicity. The main pathway of the toxicity mechanism includes down-regulating UCP3 gene expression, promoting ROS production, thus activating CD62P expression (platelet activation) and mast cell degranulation. The identification of the major toxin of KCakeJ lays a foundation for establishing an environmentally friendly Jatropha biofuel industry.
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PMID:Hydroxy-octadecenoic acids instead of phorbol esters are responsible for the Jatropha curcas kernel cake's toxicity. 3238 84