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Query: UNIPROT:P15088 (mast cell)
 14,925 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have investigated the development of the Harderian glands of female Syrian hamsters from birth to 8 months of age. The effects of melatonin injections on Harderian gland histology and porphyrin deposits of female hamsters exposed to two different temperatures were also studied. The morphology of the Harderian glands from 30-day-old female hamsters resembled those of sexually mature adult animals. The intraluminal area occupied by porphyrins increased significantly between 20 to 30 days of age. However, the relative number of mast cells per mm2 rose between 30 to 90 days. Both porphyrins and mast cell numbers appeared clearly reduced in the 8-month-old group. Secretory cells characterized by large lipid droplets (type II cells) were not observed. Daily afternoon injections of 25 micrograms of melatonin to female hamsters exposed to 22 degrees C for 14 weeks resulted in the discontinuity of estrous cyclicity, a marked decrease in the intraluminal area occupied by porphyrins, a reduction of the number of mast cells per mm2, and in a marked augmentation of the number of type II cells per mm2. Although the administration of similar dosages of melatonin to hamsters exposed to an environmental temperature of 32 degrees C did not interrupt estrous cycles, a clear reduction of the area occupied by porphyrins was observed. However, the number of mast cells and type II cells per mm2 was unaffected in these animals. Our results suggest that hormones other than ovarian steroids are involved in the regulation of the female hamster Harderian glands. The possible role of melatonin on Harderian gland metabolism is discussed.
Anat Rec 1992 Feb
PMID:Female Syrian hamster Harderian gland: development and effects of high environmental temperature and melatonin injections on histology and porphyrin deposits. 154 7

The granular columnar epithelial cell of the equine dorsal large colon has been studied by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Particular attention was focused on nuclear bodies commonly observed as central clusters of spherical, electron-dense inclusions within the nucleus. Ultrastructural morphology as well as X-ray microanalysis spectra reveal great similarity between colonic nuclear bodies and the numerous small granules of the apical cytoplasm in these epithelial cells. X-ray spectra of these cells were distinct from those of goblet cell mucous granules and mast cell granules. No evidence was found indicating transit of nuclear body granules through the nuclear envelope, or for morphologic association with the nucleoli. Of the diverse types of nuclear bodies previously reported in other species, equine colon nuclear bodies morphologically most closely resemble those seen in rabbit adenohypophysis. Colon epithelial cell nuclear bodies are likely identical to equine small intestine nuclear bodies, but their origin and role remain unknown.
Anat Rec 1987 Nov
PMID:The equine colonic mucosal granular cell: identification and X-ray microanalysis of apical granules and nuclear bodies. 342 44

The ultrastructure of globule leukocytes is described in the nasal and tracheal respiratory epithelium of three boys suffering from chronic airway infections. The globule leukocytes lie free in the intercellular spaces and appear to be migratory cells. They are characterized by intracytoplasmic membrane-bound globules, variable in number, size, shape, and internal structure. The globules may apparently release their content between the neighboring epithelial cells. Human globule leukocytes are also characterized by the presence of intracytoplasmic rod-shaped bodies, the significance of which is not known. They usually display an extended juxta-nuclear Golgi apparatus, presumably involved in the formation of the globules. Comparison of the fine structure of the globules in the globule leukocytes with that of the granules found in the subepithelial mast cells does not support a mast cell origin for human globule leukocytes. On morphological grounds, natural killer cells are postulated as a possible source for globule leukocytes. The function of globule leukocytes is briefly discussed. We presume that the globule leukocytes belong to the group of migrating and secreting cells involved in the defense of the organism against foreign material.
Anat Rec 1985 Jun
PMID:Globule leukocytes in the respiratory epithelium of human upper airways: an ultrastructural study. 384 37

The degree of metachromasia of mast cell granules is known to vary with the type of tissue fixation and among different tissues and species. The present study sought to determine whether mast cells in dog skin are heterogeneous with respect to fixation and staining properties. We performed skin biopsies in six anesthetized, atopic dogs and one mongrel dog. One biopsy was fixed in formalin and a second, from a parallel abdominal site, was fixed in basic lead acetate (Mota's solution). Adjacent sections from each biopsy were stained with alcian blue (1%, pH 0.5) or for chloroacetate esterase activity. In alcian blue-stained sections, one-third fewer mast cells were detected in skin fixed in formalin (1,836 +/- 454 mast cells/mm3, mean +/- SEM) than in skin fixed in basic lead acetate (2,684 +/- 527 mast cells/mm3) (P less than 0.05). The chloroacetate esterase reaction detected the larger number of mast cells regardless of the fixative used. We conclude that mast cell heterogeneity, as demonstrated by metachromatic staining following different types of tissue fixation, exists in dog skin. "Typical" mast cells stain with alcian blue regardless of fixation; however, "atypical" mast cells exhibit metachromasia only after fixation in basic lead acetate. Both the typical and atypical types of mast cells have chloroacetate esterase activity.
Anat Rec 1985 Dec
PMID:Mast cell heterogeneity in dog skin. 408 28

Numerous tissue mast cells are present in the ovarian medulla and hilus and in the oviduct of rats. In the medulla, most of these mast cells are in the connective tissue of the stroma near blood and lymphatic vessels. During proestrus, many of the medullary mast cells totally degranulate and thus are not visible histochemically; they then regranulate during estrus. In contrast, the number of stainable mast cells in the ovarian hilus and oviduct does not change during the estrous cycle. Histofluorometric methods demonstrate that mast cells in the ovarian medulla and hilus, as well as the oviduct, contain histamine. In addition, the lining of small blood vessels in the ovarian medulla contains histamine. Thus, mast cell and blood vessel histamine secretion may play a role in ovarian function.
Anat Rec 1980 Aug
PMID:Rat ovarian mast cells: distribution and cyclic changes. 616 75

Kittens between 12 and 20 weeks of age were orally dosed with 6000 infective ova of Toxocara cati. Animals were sacrificed at intervals between one and eight weeks after infection to study the development of pulmonary arterial lesions. After two weeks, marked leucocyte infiltration and mild thickening of the media of some of the smaller arteries was apparent histologically . Cellular inflammatory activity progressively increased up to four weeks after infection when intimal proliferation was evident in many of the arteries. After six weeks, the arterial walls were grossly thickened with pronounced intimal proliferation which after eight weeks had resulted in complete occlusion of some vessels. The progressive arterial occlusion was associated with a three- to four-fold increase in the parenchymal mast cell population and a corresponding increase in lung histamine content. The possible role of histamine in the genesis of the arteriopathy is discussed.
Vet Rec 1984 Apr 07
PMID:Possible role of histamine in the genesis of pulmonary arterial disease in cats infected with Toxocara cati. 620 45

The vole, Microtus agrestis, was chosen for this study of mast cells during early pregnancy because this species does not show spontaneous estrous cycles. Mast cell numbers in the uterus are known to vary during the estrous cycle in some species (rat, cow, Syrian hamster). Mast cell changes during early pregnancy in the vole could not reflect hormonal changes which had occurred during a preceding estrous cycle. Mast cells in the uterus (myometrium, endometrium, and mesometrial triangle) and ear skin were examined at 0 hours (virgin, estrus) and at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours postcoitum (p.c.). The stain used was 0.06% toluidine blue in 0.12 M Michaelis's veronal acetate-hydrochloric acid buffer at pH 4.5. The number of mast cells observed in the uterus was not significantly affected when the nondehydrating fixative used routinely ( Helly 's solution) was substituted by a dehydrating fixative (Carnoy's solution without chloroform). The number of mast cells in the myometrium decreased from 0 to 72 hours p.c. and increased from 72 to 96 hours p.c. There was no significant variation in mast cell numbers in the endometrium. The number of mast cells in ear skin and in the mesometrial triangle decreased from 0 to 48 hours p.c. An increase occurred from 48 to 96 hours p.c. in ear skin and from 72 to 96 hours p.c. in the mesometrium.
Anat Rec 1984 Apr
PMID:Observations on uterine mast cells during early pregnancy in the vole, Microtus agrestis. 637 59

Incubation of isolated toad aortas in Ringer solution containing compound 48/80, a histamine liberator, resulted in marked degranulation of endothelial specific granules. Since incubation of these vessels in Ringer solution only did not show significant morphologic changes in these granules, these findings suggest that the degranulation was induced by histamine release from the granules, as in the case for mast cell degranulation, and that endothelial specific granules are a storage site of histamine in the toad aorta. The present morphologic data were supported by preliminary chromatography, which showed appreciable concentrations of histamine in the granule-containing pellets of subcellular fractions of homogenized toad aortas.
Anat Rec 1982 Jun
PMID:Degranulation of endothelial specific granules of the toad aorta after treatment with compound 48/80. 711 94

The nature of the intensely fluorescent cells (IFC) in the livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats was evaluated using histochemical and pharmacological techniques. The number and distribution of IFC in portal areas were quantified using some of these techniques. Cells which were metachromatic as well as fluorescent for serotonin, histamine, and heparin were observed in the connective tissue of the portal space, hilus, and capsule of the liver. Cells with the characteristics of chromaffin, enterochromaffin, or enterochromaffin-like cells were not seen in these locations. Intravenous administration of compound 48/80 a known mast cell degranulator, caused a significant decrease in the number of fluorescent and metachromatic cells in the portal areas of the liver. However, no significant difference was found in the number of cells counted in either the 48/80 or control groups when comparing the data from several histochemical methods. These results provided evidence that: (1) IFC demonstrate both fluorescence and metachromasia and, therefore, are mast cells, (2) compound 48/80 causes a comparable decrease in the number of serotonin and histamine fluorescent as well as metachromatic cells, indicating concomitant rather than differential release of serotonin, histamine, heparin, and/or other metachromatic substances, and (3) each of the three histochemical methods appears of equivalent sensitivity when used to study the effect of various factors (i.e., 48/80) on the release of endogenous substances from IFC. The results of this study indicate that the effects of 48/80 in vivo might be mediated through the release of various vasoactive substances from these IFC (mast cells).
Anat Rec 1980 Nov
PMID:Characterization of intensely fluorescent cells in the liver of the rat. i. Histochemistry and 48/80-induced degranulation. 745 39

The rat tongue has been the subject of many cytological studies, both purely descriptive and experimental. To assess the suitability of the organ for additional cytological and histological senior research thesis projects, light and transmission electron microscope studies of thin and ultrathin sections, respectively, were conducted. Several samples from the anterior dorsal surface of the tongue of a male rat (Sprague-Dawley) were processed conventionally for light and electron microscope study. About 170 sections, each approximately 1 x 1 mm in area and 1.0 microm thick, collected from 12 adjacent areas, all including the mucosa, of a tongue were studied in the light microscope. Numerous mast cells were observed scattered throughout the submucosal region, adjacent to nerve bundles, blood vessels, and skeletal muscle, and up to six bundles each consisting of many myelinated and unmyelinated nerve processes were seen per section. Single, double, and quadruple myelinated nerve processes were also seen. Several of the multiple, mixed nerve bundles contained a mast cell. Mast cells were not found within the endoneurium or perineurium of exclusively myelinated processes. Ultrathin sections adjacent to the thin sections containing mast cells within the nerve bundles were sought and studied in the transmission electron microscope to confirm the identification of these mast cells. Mast cells occur within bundles containing both myelinated and unmyelinated nerves in the rat tongue, and this is an apparently previously unreported event. Furthermore, no clear evidence has been found in the literature of such specific mast cell distribution in other parts of the animal body. Single, double, and quadruple myelinated nerve processes were noted, but none contained a mast cell.
Anat Rec 1999 12 01
PMID:Occurrence of mast cells within bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated nerves in the rat tongue. 1058 21


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