Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study was designed to quantify the level of the soluble form of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) produced by mononuclear cells (MNC) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to correlate these levels with the disease activity and with the amounts of cytokines or rheumatoid factors (RF) produced by MNC. Unstimulated synovial fluid (SF) MNC produced higher amounts of sICAM-1 than peripheral blood (PB) MNC in RA patients (P < 0.01). sICAM-1 production by PHA-stimulated MNC was higher in RA SF MNC than RA or normal PB MNC (P < 0.01). The amounts of SICAM-1 produced correlated with the amounts of soluble IL-2 receptor produced (P < 0.02) but not with IL-1B or the Lansbury activity index in RA PB MNC. sICAM-1 correlated with the amounts of soluble CD23 and IL-4 produced by normal PB MNC (P < 0.01). The amounts of sICAM-1 correlated with IgG-RF (P < 0.02) and IgM-RF (P < 0.01) produced by unstimulated MNC obtained from the bone marrow (BM) of RA patients. ICAM-1 expression of T-lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes, and monocytes obtained from RA PB and RA BM assayed by two-color flow cytometry ranged from 0.1 to 6%, which was not appreciably different from that of normal controls. The monocyte fraction of RA PB MNC produced significantly higher amounts of sICAM-1 than lymphocyte fraction. These results suggest that sICAM-1 produced by MNC may be a marker of cell activation in T and B lymphocytes, in contrast to the transient increase of ICAM-1 expression.
 ...
PMID:Production of soluble ICAM-1 by mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis patients. 791 53

In view of recent data demonstrating increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) we studied whether levels of soluble ICAM-1 (s-ICAM-1) shed into the circulation are increased in patients with this disorder. We also compared blood levels of s-ICAM-1 in SSc with those in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and we investigated any possible association of s-ICAM-1 with soluble IL-2 receptor (s-IL 2R) levels, the latter being considered as a marker of lymphocyte activation. Patients with SSc had increased levels of sICAM-1 compared with healthy control subjects (mean +/- SEM, 587 +/- 34 versus 373 +/- 27 ng/ml, P < 0.0001). Patients with diffuse rapidly progressive disease had the highest s-ICAM-1 levels. No association was observed between the extent of skin or internal organ involvement and s-ICAM-1 levels. Patients with digital ulcers had significantly elevated s-ICAM-1, but not s-IL 2R, levels. No correlation was detected between individual s-ICAM-1 and S-IL 2R levels in SSc patients. These novel findings suggest that circulating s-ICAM-1 levels may be a useful marker of endothelial activation in SSc; however, further studies are needed to determine the role of ICAM-1 in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
 ...
PMID:Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with systemic sclerosis. 809 61

Cell surface adhesion molecules (CAM) are important promotors of the immunoinflammatory cascade. The circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) have previously been shown to correlate with disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. The primary aim of this study was consequently to investigate if this also applies to mucosal levels of soluble ICAM-1. We measured soluble ICAM-1 levels in intestinal biopsy specimens and the endoscopic activity of 69 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 14 controls and found that the median concentration of soluble ICAM-1 was significantly higher in patients with moderately or very active UC (15.0 ng/ml) as compared to slightly active (9.8 ng/ml) and inactive UC (9.5 ng/ml) as well as controls (6.5 ng/ml) (P < 0.005). To further elucidate the interactions, two other CAM [E-selectin and vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1)], together with interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) alpha and beta chains, were also measured. A significant trend towards higher soluble E-selectin levels in biopsies with active UC (1.8 pg/ml) as compared to inactive UC (1.3 pg/ml) and to controls (< 1.0 pg/ml) (P < 0.01) was also found. In contrast, soluble VCAM-1 was barely detectable in biopsies from two UC patients. A significant correlation was found between soluble ICAM-1 and IL-8 concentrations (r = 0.46; P < 0.0001), and between sICAM-1 and sIL-2R alpha concentrations (r = 0.69; P < 0.0001), while sIL-2R beta was not detected. This study shows that intestinal ICAM-1 and E-selectin correlate with endoscopic activity of UC and with IL-8 and IL-2R alpha levels. These mediators may be useful in monitoring mucosal inflammation in studies exploring the therapeutical potential of targeting CAM. The lack of detectable VCAM-1, which is induced only in venous endothelium is interesting. It may suggest that intestinal inflammation mainly affects arterial endothelial cells and support the theory that intestinal vasculitis is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
 ...
PMID:Increased mucosal concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), sE-selectin, and interleukin-8 in active ulcerative colitis. 879 94

Plasma levels of antiinflammatory compounds (which counteract inflammation, cortisol, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1ra; soluble IL-2 receptor, sIL-2r, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, sICAM-1; interleukin-10, IL-10) were synchronously determined in a consecutive series of 25 patients with severe bacterial infections. Serum levels of cortisol, IL-1ra, sIL-2r, sICAM-1 and IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with infection compared with healthy volunteers. Bacterial infection results in the production of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines from macrophage/monocyte, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We found that counter-inflammatory compounds can also be released during infectious insults. These results suggested that the biological activity of inflammatory mediators is inhibited by natural antiinflammatory compounds, and the body itself might down-regulate excessive inflammatory cascades through counteracting the inflammatory responses and restore homeostasis.
 ...
PMID:Clinical value of cytokine antagonists in infectious complications. 917 65

According to the concept that tumour establishment and progression generally reflects a malfunction of the immune system, we have investigated the prognostic significance of immunological parameters in correlation to stage progression in colorectal cancer. In patients and healthy subjects as control group, we determined: serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN) gamma, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha cytokines and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), CD30 (sCD30), ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) molecules, phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); PBMC proliferative response to IL-2, IL-4 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (anti-CD3) variously combined. Our results show that, compared to healthy controls, the group of all patients, but interestingly, also the groups of patients at the various stages of the disease, seem to have different values of these immunological parameters. Since tumour invasion and metastasis are the major causes of cancer treatment failure the early recognition of preinvasive states could lead to an improvement in prognosis. For this purpose our results might be especially useful in making prognostic and diagnostic indices in this neoplasy to identify patients at risk for tumour detention and the patient condition concerning disease progression by a non-invasive method. Moreover, this evaluation which contributes to identify the damage in the patient immune response to tumor could be helpful in identifying the therapeutic substances which might switch this response from being unproductive to productive. Thus, our data leads us to indicate that it might be possible to define reliable prognostic and diagnostic indices in colorectal cancer from the extension of this immunological study by the evaluation of these and other parameters.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of immunological evaluation in colorectal cancer. 1085 96

Our previous data on colorectal cancer suggest that there are faults at the level of mechanisms of the proliferative responses of patients peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-2 PBMC production, which increase with the stage advancement. The damages in the proliferative response seem to be eliminated by the costimulator effects of the signals produced by the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (antiCD3), and the disregulation in TH subsets of CD4+ T cells with a malfunction of TH1 cells and an expansion of TH2, might contribute to this situation. So, by using biotherapeutic treatments to allow the generation of productive immune response in these patients it is essential to identify the defect in their immune system to discover how these mechanisms should be appropriately manipulated in vivo to switch their immune response from a non-productive to a productive one. We have studied this in a group of patients and healthy subjects as the control group, performing their immunological evaluation by determining these parameters: serum levels of IL-2, interferon (IFN) gamma, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and CD30 (sCD30) molecules; PBMC phenotypic antigens expression (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16, CD56, CD57, CD25) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); proliferative response of PBMC to IL-2, IL-4 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (antiCD3). Moreover, since mutant c-Ki-ras oncogene is a very frequent finding in colorectal cancers and there are indications which suggest its involvement in tumour progression, the analysis of c-ki-ras codon 12 and 13 were determined and the statistical evaluation of the above immunological parameters were performed by comparing the patient groups with (M+) and without (M-) these mutations with each other, and with the healthy group. The results underline the necessity of biotherapeutic treatments inducing TH1 cell functions in these patients. Moreover in M+ it seems also important to solve the problem of the switch from B to macrophage cells as immune cells which present antigens, and the possible involvement of c-Ki-ras gene mutations in the impairment of T cell receptor activation (TCR).
 ...
PMID:Necessity of biotherapeutic treatments inducing TH1 cell functions in colorectal cancer. 1085 98

The clinical picture of infectious mononucleosis and the consequences of EBV infection are due to immune response mechanisms. The level of soluble form of IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is thought to be a marker of T-cell activity, especially CD8+. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1, CD 54) plays an important role in the process of antigen presentation. The aim of this study was to assess the serum concentration of sIL-2R, ICAM-1 and anti-VCA IgM in patients with infectious mononucleosis. The study group comprised 42 persons: 20 healthy subjects as a control group and 22 individuals with infectious mononucleosis. The highest anti-VCA IgM serum level in all patients was during the 1st day of hospitalization, and decreased in the 8th day of hospitalization. The lowest antibody concentration was observed when the symptoms and sings ceased. The level of sIL-2R was significantly increased and during farther hospitalization we observed lower, but still elevated concentrations. Our study has demonstrated statistically significant elevation of sICAM-1 level during the entire period of hospitalization. This data indicates the importance of antigen presentation process. Although the serum concentration of immune response mediators does not reflect their contents in organism, but is a useful method for in vivo examination.
 ...
PMID:[Levels of soluble intracellular adhesion molecules 1 (sICAM-1) , soluble receptors for interleukin 2 (sIL-2R) and anti-Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen (anti-VCA IgM) in blood serum during the course of infectious mononucleosis]. 1143 83

In local or metastatic cancer, a prognostic tumour marker could be a valuable tool in the selection of different treatments. In renal cell cancer (RCC) no such markers have been available. We therefore evaluated the association between several pretreatment serum markers, tumour classification and short term survival in RCC patients. Serum samples were collected before surgery and three months thereafter from 24 RCC patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL- 12, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured in serum samples using specific commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. Serum IL-6, sIL-2R and sICAM-1 levels before nephrectomy were significantly higher in non-local tumours than in local ones (mean IL-6 53 pg/ml versus 6.3 pg/ml, and sICAM-1 443 ng/ml versus 290 ng/ml, sIL-2R 3779 pg/ml versus 1796 pg/ml). In contrast, IL-12 levels were higher in local tumours (148 versus 102 pg/ml) and the levels increased significantly (P < 0.005) after removal of the primary tumour in patients with local disease. All patients with local tumours had normal IL-6 values, while only one with a non-local tumour had IL-6 levels below 10 pg/ml. In addition, IL-6 and sICAM-1 levels before operation were significantly higher in patients with short (less than one year) survival (p=0.007 to IL-6 and p=0.006 to sICAM-1). In contrast, patients with shorter survival had significantly lower IL-12 (p=0.03) levels. Our findings suggest that RCC induces changes in several immunological parameters. These soluble immunological factors, IL-6, IL-12, sIL-2R and sICAM-1, might have a role as prognostic factors in RCC.
 ...
PMID:Soluble immunological parameters and early prognosis of renal cell cancer patients. 1187 46

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is caused by T-cell-dependent autoantibodies against muscle acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at the neuromuscular junction. Here, we adopted ELISA and flow cytometry techniques to measure the levels of Th1, Th2, Th3 cytokines, inflammatory cytokine and chemokine sICAM-1 and to analyze the phenotypes of CD4(+) and CD8(+) regulatory cells as well as the expression of BAFF-R on CD19(+) B cells in peripheral blood from 75 MG patients and 50 healthy controls. There were no differences in the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta and sCTLA-4 in both sera and culture supernatants between MG patients and healthy controls. The level of IL-12 was decreased in culture supernatants from MG patients, and the level of sICAM-1 was increased in both sera and culture supernatants from MG patients. Although the populations of CD8(+)CD28(-) and CD8(+)CD122(+) regulatory T cells were not different between MG patients and healthy controls, MG patients exhibited the decrease of CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and the increase of CD19(+)BAFF-R(+) B cells, revealing that MG patients should display the dysfunction of T cell balance and the activation of B cell maturation.
 ...
PMID:Decrease of CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and elevation of CD19(+)BAFF-R(+) B cells and soluble ICAM-1 in myasthenia gravis. 1805 87