Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Epithelial cells of the intestine seem to act as antigen-presenting cells to surrounding lymphoid tissue and may be crucial to maintain the pool of peripheral T lymphocytes. The scope of this study was to carry out an immunophenotypic and ultramicroscopic analysis of purified human enterocytes to elucidate their role as antigen-presenting cells, in the immune responses in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. A method has been developed to obtain purified and viable human enterocyte populations, later labeled with relevant monoclonal antibodies directed to leukocyte antigens and subjected to cytofluorometric analysis. Phenotypic analysis revealed the presence of markers common to "classical" antigen-presenting cells (CD14, CD35, CD39, CD43, CD63 and CD64), reinforcing the idea that enterocytes may act as such. Moreover, several integrins (CD11b, CD11c, CD18, CD41a, CD61 and CD29) were also found. CD25 (IL-2 receptor alpha chain) and CD28, characteristic of T cells, were detected on the surface of these cells; this latter finding rises the possibility that enterocytes could be activated by IL-2 and/or via CD28 through binding to its ligands CD80 or CD86. Finally, the presence of CD21, CD32, CD35 and CD64 that may bind immune complexes via Fc or C3, suggests their participation in the metabolism of immune complexes. Furthermore, the finding of a Birbeck's-like granule in the cytoplasm of the cells, shows that enterocytes contain an ultramicroscopic feature previously thought to be characteristic of Langerhans' cells, an antigen-presenting cell. The phenotype detected on the surface of enterocytes, along with their ultramicroscopic characteristics, suggests that they may play an important role in the immune responses elicited in the gut, presenting antigens to surrounding lymphoid cells, and establishing cognate interactions with them.
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PMID:Cell surface phenotype and ultramicroscopic analysis of purified human enterocytes: a possible antigen-presenting cell in the intestine. 945 11

Mast cells (MCs) originate from multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, MCs in various organs are heterogenous in terms of mediator or receptor expression and response to diverse stimuli. We characterized the phenotype and functional properties of human renal mast cells (HRMCs). Tissue was obtained from 17 patients suffering from renal tumors (transitional cell carcinoma, n = 4; renal cell carcinoma, n = 13). HRMCs were isolated by collagenase digestion. Double staining with toluidine blue and immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) revealed expression of stem cell factor (SCF)-receptor (c-kit/CD117), CD9, CD29, CD33, CD43, CD44, CD54, and CD63 on HRMCs. In contrast, HRMCs were not recognized by mAbs to CD2, CD3, CD4, CD11b, CD14, CD15, CD16, CDw17, CD19, or CD23. HRMCs were also negative for CD116 (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] receptor alpha), CD123 (interleukin [IL]-3Ralpha), CD121a (IL-1R type I), CD122 (IL-2Rbeta), and CD127 (IL-7R) and were also found to lack C5aR (CD88). Ligand-induced activation of HRMCs through immunoglobulin (Ig)E-R or SCF-R (c-kit) resulted in histamine secretion (control: <10%; alphaIgE, 1 microg/mL: 50.12 +/-5.18%; rhSCF, 100 ng/mL: 29.24 +/- 22.39), whereas recombinant C5a, erythropoietin (EPO), IL-1 through 10, and GM-CSF exerted no effects. As determined by in situ staining, HRMCs contained tryptase, but only low or undetectable amounts of chymase. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of MCs in renal tissues and revealed a scroll-rich granule population in HRMCs. Together, HRMCs are tryptase+, C5aR- mast cells exhibiting phenotypic and functional properties similar to those of lung MCs.
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PMID:Phenotypic and functional characterization of mast cells derived from renal tumor tissues. 947 5

We investigated the significance of platelet activation and platelet-derived microparticles (PMP) in 14 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and hematological malignancies. In the phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes, there was a significant decrease of total and activated T cells after panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP) treatment (p<0.05). The percentages of helper/inducer T cells and suppressor/cytotoxic T cells were insignificantly decreased after PAPM/BP treatment. The number of natural killer (NK) cells of potent activity was significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.05). The levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 in the patients were increased before treatment. IL-1beta concentrations were not changed after treatment. In contrast, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly decreased (p<0.05) after treatment, while tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon gamma remained almost normal. We found an increase of soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) levels in the patients before treatment. After treatment, the sIL-2R concentrations tended to be decreased and sVCAM-1 levels showed a significant decrease (p<0.01). In contrast, soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) level did not change. Regarding the platelet activation markers, CD62P, CD63, and PMP levels in the patients were increased before treatment. CD62P and CD63 tended to be decreased after treatment, whereas PMP levels were significantly reduced from 1,056+/-103 to 762+/-64/10(4) platelets (p<0.05). Furthermore, CD62P, CD63, and PMP correlated with the levels of IL-6 and IL-8. These results suggest that activated platelets and PMP may be predictive markers in pre-disseminated intravascular coagulation and hypercytokine conditions related to SIRS.
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PMID:Relationship between platelet activation and cytokines in systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients with hematological malignancies. 1051 85

We report here the isolation of a population of non-transformed pluripotent human cells from bone marrow after a unique expansion/selection procedure. This procedure was designed to provide conditions resembling the in vivo microenvironment that is home for the most-primitive stem cells. Marrow-adherent and -nonadherent cells were co-cultured on fibronectin, at low oxygen tension, for 14 days. Colonies of small adherent cells were isolated and further expanded on fibronectin at low density, low oxygen tension with 2% fetal bovine serum. They expressed high levels of CD29, CD63, CD81, CD122, CD164, hepatocyte growth factor receptor (cMet), bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B (BMPR1B), and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 3 (NTRK3) and were negative for CD34, CD36, CD45, CD117 (cKit) and HLADR. The embryonic stem cell markers Oct-4 and Rex-1, and telomerase were expressed in all cultures examined. Cell-doubling time was 36 to 72 hours, and cells have been expanded in culture for more than 50 population doublings. This population of cells was consistently isolated from men and women of ages ranging from 3- to 72-years old. Colonies of cells expressed numerous markers found among embryonic stem cells as well as mesodermal-, endodermal- and ectodermal-derived lineages. They have been differentiated to bone-forming osteoblasts, cartilage-forming chondrocytes, fat-forming adipocytes and neural cells and to attachment-independent spherical clusters expressing genes associated with pancreatic islets. Based on their unique characteristics and properties, we refer to them as human marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible cells, or MIAMI cells. MIAMI cells proliferate extensively without evidence of senescence or loss of differentiation potential and thus may represent an ideal candidate for cellular therapies of inherited or degenerative diseases.
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PMID:Marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells, a unique population of postnatal young and old human cells with extensive expansion and differentiation potential. 1517 16