Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the immunoregulatory mechanisms of responsiveness and non-responsiveness to hepatitis B (HB) vaccine by analysing the influence of HB surface antigen (HBsAg) on lymphokine- or mitogen-stimulated peripheral lymphocytes from healthy volunteers. Stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) led to a reduced production of polyclonal IgG from responder cells compared to non-responder lymphocytes. PWM did not enhance the HBs-specific IgG production from responder lymphocytes when the cells were obtained at Day 10 after the last vaccination. A slight reduction of the proliferative response was observed when lymphocytes of non-responders were stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (Con A). Production of HBs-specific antibodies was enhanced by incubating responder lymphocytes with interleukin-4 (IL-4). The HBs antigen itself did not modulate the expression of the CD23 B-cell differentiation antigen in unseparated lymphocytes. However, CD23 expression induced by low doses of IL-4 was markedly enhanced in an antigen-specific way. Our data indicate that HBs antigen enhances the lymphokine-induced CD23 expression, whereas the mitogen-induced CD23 expression is not affected. Lymphocytes obtained from non-responders exerted a reduced expression of CD25 surface antigen compared to responder lymphocytes. Exogeneous addition of IL-2 in the absence or presence of HBsAg induced a marked enhancement of the IL-2 receptor expression in responder lymphocytes. Furthermore, no significant modulation of CD25 expression was observed in non-responder lymphocytes.
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PMID:Effects of mitogens and lymphokines on the regulation of the immune response to HBs antigen in vitro. 214 40

This study was undertaken to explain the molecular basis for the diverse pathology and clinical behavior of postthymic T cell malignancies. Total cellular RNAs were extracted from four HTLV-1 positive and ten HTLV-1-negative T cell lymphomas and cell lines, and investigated for homology with cloned DNA probes specific for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R). Tumor cells associated with clinically high grade HTLV-1-positive adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and large cell morphology (T immunoblastic lymphomas) were found to have higher levels of expression of IL-2 and TGF-beta genes than low grade T cell neoplasms (mycosis fungoides and Sezary's syndrome). High expression of IL-2R gene was restricted to Ki-1-positive lymphomas and to one ATL. Cell lines corresponding to the advanced stage of a cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) showed enhanced expression of PDGF. Therefore, high grade T cell malignancies had consistently elevated expression of growth factor/receptor (GF/R) genes. Expression of EGF-R was negligible in all T cell malignancies. An inverse relationship was found between the expression of T cell antigen receptor (differentiation antigen) and GF/R (activation antigen) genes, accounting for the frequent aberrant expression of T cell antigens in high grade T cell lymphomas. The results suggest that post-thymic T cell malignancies derived from activated T cells produce and secrete GF, conferring a growth advantage on neoplastic T cells, and correlating well with their histologic subtype and clinical behavior.
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PMID:Expression of growth factor/receptor genes in postthymic T cell malignancies. 278 74

Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) could be generated in vitro from tumor-associated cells (TACs) derived from the rhabdomyosarcoma, 76-9, but only after treatment of the tumor bearers with cyclophosphamide (CY). The ability to generate LGLs in vitro was dependent on the presence of high concentrations of recombinant interleukin (rIL)-2 and related to the phase of tumor regression induced by CY. Maximum yields of LGLs were obtained when TACs were derived on days 7 or 8 after CY injection. TACs derived on day 8 and grown in rIL-2 for 5 days were shown to express NK 1.1, B220, IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), Thy-1.2 and a late NK cell differentiation antigen identified by monoclonal antibody, 4H12. They did not express MAC-1, CD3, alpha/beta T cell receptor, CD4 or an early NK cell differentiation antigen identified by monoclonal antibody, 3C2. The expression of NK 1.1, B220, IL-2R, Thy-1.2 and 4H12 by TACs growing in rIL-2 was relatively stable over a 12-day period. IL-2-activated TACs were shown to lyse YAC-1 cells, the wild-type 76-9 tumor cells and two clones of the 76-9 tumor, as well as cells from an independently derived sarcoma, 77-23. Intratumor injection of IL-2-activated TACs or rIL-2 after CY injection induced a significant delay in the recurrence of tumor growth. The data suggest that the increase of IL-2-reactive cells after CY injection and their intratumor disposition may indicate a potential for in situ antitumor effects.
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PMID:Changes in tumor-associated NK 1.1+ large granular lymphocyte precursors after cyclophosphamide injection: in vitro characterization and potential therapeutic application. 783 24

Sixteen postnatal human thymuses were obtained at the time of corrective cardiovascular surgery and maintained in vitro as separate cultures of thymocytes and reticulo-epithelial (RE) cells. The stages of differentiation of the thymocytes were investigated in situ with a library of 10 monoclonal antibodies (MoABs) directed against human lymphocyte differentiation antigens. Employing immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometric (FACS) analysis, in vitro immunophenotype (IP) changes were demonstrated, which appeared after use of a combination of mitogen (PHA), recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and autologous thymic RE cell culture supernatants. RE cell supernatant participated in increasing the expression of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) during combined stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and rIL-2. Thymocyte proliferation was measured in 4 hour tritiated-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation (proliferation) assay. We were able to isolate the thymic nurse cells (TNC) with and without enzymatic tissue digestion. TNCs were separated from accompanying thymocytes and cultured. They grew as large, sometimes connected cells, but did not display the epithelial type of tissue organization. After in vitro culturing, the cytoskeleton of TNCs expressed high molecular weight cytokeratin and vimentin and intracytoplasmic tonofilaments, characteristic of epithelium. Whole thymic tissue pieces were cultured with and without previous trypsinization. The initial outgrowth of the cuboidal epithelial tissue layer occurred within 24-48 hours, and the RE cells remained functionally active for at least 15 days. RE cell supernatants were collected daily for two weeks and used in thymocyte differentiation experiments. The results indicated that thymic humoral factors contribute to a select, not fully understood differentiation pathway of thymocytes: a) more mature immunophenotype (IP) characterized by CD3 expression; b) de novo synthesis of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R); and; c) differentiation of the CD8+ subpopulation, identifying regulatory cells within the two major CD8+ and CD4+ subsets. Use of mitogenic (PHA) stimulation, after 5 days in vitro, resulted in a T helper (CD4+) oriented differentiation pathway of cortical thymocytes. At the same time, the cultured thymocytes expressed CD11 de novo, an early thymocyte differentiation antigen, and CD7, a marker not present on mature peripheral lymphocyte subsets (the IP changes demonstrated a dedifferentiation). Our overall impression, following the studies with the proliferation assays, was that in our experimental in vitro model, thymic hormones did not contribute to the induction of generalized thymocyte proliferation.
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PMID:Cell culture observations of human postnatal thymic epithelium: an in vitro model for growth and humoral influence on intrathymic T lymphocyte maturation. 889 32

While assessing the prognostic implications of immunophenotyping in 382 patients enrolled in treatment protocols of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) for de novo adult acute myeloid leukaemia, we identified 95 patients with a unique antigen profile characterized by high expression of the leucocyte integrin CD11b (CD11b+ AML). High expression of CD11b was defined as > or = 32% positive blasts based on the retrospectively established prognostic cut-off point for this antigen. Although CD11b is normally expressed by mature monocytes, natural killer cells and granulocytes, leukaemic blasts in CD11b+ AML lacked other immunologic monocytic features (e.g. CD14 and CD122, the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain) and demonstrated a high degree of immaturity, as reflected by a high incidence of blasts expressing the stem cell factor receptor, CD117, and few blasts positive for the myeloid differentiation antigen CD15. Furthermore, by FAB criteria, only 41% of CD11b+ AML cases were classified as M4/M5. Patients with CD11b+ AML had a low response rate (54%) when compared with acute monocytic leukaemia (AMOL; 82%, P = 0.006) or AML overall (68%, P = 0.031), independent of age, cytogenetic abnormalities and P-glycoprotein expression. Because of its poor prognosis, recognition of CD11b+ AML is clinically warranted and, given its morphologic and cytogenetic ambiguity, must be based on the unique antigen profile.
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PMID:Acute myeloid leukaemia expressing the leucocyte integrin CD11b-a new leukaemic syndrome with poor prognosis: result of an ECOG database analysis. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. 948 12