Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Selenium (Se) is an essential nutritional factor that has been shown to affect the development and expression of cell-mediated immune responses. This study shows that dietary (2 ppm for 8 weeks) or in vitro (1 x 10(-7) M) supplementation with Se results in a significant increase in the number of high affinity interleukin (IL) 2-binding sites (Kd of 10(-11) M) on the surface of concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes from C57BL/6J mice, whereas Se deficiency (0.02 ppm for 8 weeks) has the opposite effect. Se supplementation or deficiency apparently alters the kinetics of IL-2 receptor expression. Supplementation with Se in vivo or in vitro resulted in an earlier expression of high affinity IL-2 receptors, whereas Se deficiency resulted in a delayed expression of lower numbers of receptors. To exert its effect on IL-2 receptor expression, Se must be present or absent in the cell environment 8-24 hr after stimulation, and it most likely affects processes in the cytoplasmic and/or nuclear compartments of activated lymphocytes. Thus, in the presence of continuous immunologic stimulation, the presence or absence of Se in the cell environment can result in an accelerated or delayed clonal expansion of immunocompetent lymphocytes, respectively.
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PMID:Effect of selenium on the expression of high affinity interleukin 2 receptors. 157 Mar 57

The effects of selenium (Se) status on the distribution and functional capabilities of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined. No differences in proliferative responses to mitogens, interleukin (IL)-2 production, IL-2 receptor expression, or lymphocyte trafficking patterns were observed between PBMC from dairy cows maintained on Se adequate or Se deficient diets. In contrast, Se deficiency significantly reduced the numbers of circulating monocytes when compared to cows fed a Se adequate diet. Differences in the number of circulating monocytes had no apparent effect on the accessary functions of these cells with respect to antigen presentation and IL-2 production. These results suggest that the effect of Se-modified diets on bovine defense mechanisms is not mediated by the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to respond to antigen and mature into immunocompetent cells.
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PMID:Effects of selenium status on bovine mononuclear cell function. 827 12

alpha-Lipoic acid (LA) is taken up by cells and reduced to its potent dithiol form, dihydrolipoate(DHLA), much of which is rapidly effluxed out from cells. To improve retention in cells, the LA molecule was modified to confer a positive charge at physiological pH. N,N-dimethyl,N'-2-amidoethyl-lipoate was synthesized. The protonated form of the new molecule is referred to as LA-Plus. The uptake of LA-Plus by human Wurzburg T cells was higher compared to that of LA. Several-fold higher amounts of DHLA-Plus, the corresponding reduced form of LA-Plus, were detected in LA-Plus treated cells compared to the amount of DHLA found in cells treated with LA. At 100 microM, LA did not but LA-Plus inhibited H2O2 induced NF-kappaB activation and NF-kappaB directed IL-2 receptor expression. Both LA and LA-Plus synergised with selenium in inhibiting H2O2 induced NF-kappaB activation. At 150 microM LA-Plus, but not LA, inhibited TNFalpha induced NF-kappaB activation. At 5 microM LA-Plus, but not LA, protected against both spontaneous and etoposide induced apoptosis in rat thymocytes. LA-Plus is thus an improved form of LA with increased therapeutic potential.
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PMID:A positively charged alpha-lipoic acid analogue with increased cellular uptake and more potent immunomodulatory activity. 964 7

The immune-enhancing effects of selenium (Se) supplementation make it a promising complementary and alternative medicine modality for boosting immunity, although mechanisms by which Se influences immunity are unclear. Mice fed low (0.08 mg/kg), medium (0.25 mg/kg), or high (1.0 mg/kg) Se diets for 8 wk were challenged with peptide/adjuvant. Antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell responses were increased in the high Se group compared with the low and medium Se groups. T cell receptor signaling in ex vivo CD4(+) T cells increased with increasing dietary Se, with all 3 groups differing from one another in terms of calcium mobilization, oxidative burst, translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells, and proliferation. The high Se diet increased expression of interleukin (IL)-2 and the high affinity chain of the IL-2 receptor compared with the low and medium Se diets. The high Se diet skewed the T helper (Th)1/Th2 balance toward a Th1 phenotype, leading to higher interferon-gamma and CD40 ligand levels compared with the low and medium Se diets. Prior to CD4(+) T cell activation, levels of reactive oxygen species did not differ among the groups, but the low Se diet decreased free thiols compared with the medium and high Se diets. Addition of exogenous free thiols eliminated differences in CD4(+) T cell activation among the dietary groups. Overall, these data suggest that dietary Se levels modulate free thiol levels and specific signaling events during CD4(+) T cell activation, which influence their proliferation and differentiation.
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PMID:Dietary selenium modulates activation and differentiation of CD4+ T cells in mice through a mechanism involving cellular free thiols. 2037 61