Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A subset of peripheral blood T lymphocytes coexpressing CD3 and IgG Fc receptors (FcR) (CD16/Leu-11 antigen) have been identified, isolated, and functionally characterized. The CD3+, CD16+ cells were established in short-term culture using growth medium containing interleukin 2 (IL-2). Both the freshly isolated cells and the cultured cell line stably expressed the CD3+, CD16+ phenotype. Furthermore, a majority of these T cells lacked either CD4 or CD8 expression. Like in vitro-activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, the CD3+, CD16+ cells showed numerous azurophilic granules. Although these cells failed to mediate significant levels of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity even after stimulation with IL-2, they efficiently functioned as effectors of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). The Ig isotype specificity of the ADCC was analyzed using an isotype switch-variant family of a murine anti-HLA monoclonal antibody (mAb). Similar to the CD3-, CD16+ NK cell population, the CD3+, CD16+ T cells preferentially used the IgG2a antibody to mediate ADCC. The CD3+, CD16+ cells demonstrated a proliferative response when cocultured with either a NK-sensitive tumor cell line, K562, or a NK-insensitive B lymphoblastoid cell line, CCRF-SB. The response against CCRF-SB was significantly inhibited by anti-IL-2 receptor antibody, whereas the response against K562 was only partially diminished. Cytotoxicity was also induced in the CD3+, CD16+ population by the presence of anti-CD3 mAb, indicating that cytotoxicity can be triggered by stimulation via the CD3-T cell antigen receptor complex. By isolating these CD3+, CD16+ cells from the peripheral blood of a normal, healthy individual, it has been possible to extensively study the morphology, antigenic phenotype, and functional behavior of this unique subset of T lymphocytes expressing IgG FcR.
 ...
PMID:Functional properties of a unique subset of cytotoxic CD3+ T lymphocytes that express Fc receptors for IgG (CD16/Leu-11 antigen). 241 63

In the course of a phase I trial, in which recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) was infused intraperitoneally (i.p.) in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, we evaluated the effect on "tumor-associated lymphocytes" (TAL) isolated from the ascitic fluid. No major changes in the percentages of cells expressing the CD3, CD4, CD8, Leu-7, OKM1 and WT-31 antigens were detected either in TAL or in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) after 7 days of rIL-2 infusion. In contrast the percentages of TAL (but not PBL) expressing surface IL-2 receptor (Tac), or LAK-1 antigen were sharply increased. Analysis of cytolytic functions showed a potentiation of the lytic activity against natural-killer (NK) sensitive K562 target cells and the de novo appearance of lytic activity against fresh melanoma cells. In one patient IFN-gamma was detected in the ascitic fluid following rIL-2 infusion. T-cell clones derived from the patient were analyzed for the IFN-gamma production. While only approximately 40% of PB-derived control clones produced medium to low amounts of IFN-gamma, all of the TAL-derived clones produced medium to high amounts of the lymphokine.
 ...
PMID:Phenotypic and functional characteristics of tumor-associated lymphocytes in patients with malignant ascites receiving intraperitoneal infusions of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). 249 78

Reactivity of murine thymocytes with the Dolichos bifloris agglutinin (DBA) was examined using flow cytometry. This agglutinin, which has nominal specificity for alpha-linked N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues, labels 1-4% of unfractionated BALB/c thymocytes. Among thymocyte subpopulations identified on the basis of CD4/CD8 labeling, DBA bound to a substantial percentage of the CD4-8- thymocyte subpopulation. In addition, small populations of thymocytes expressing CD4 and/or CD8 were also labeled with DBA, but with less intensity then seen on many CD4-8- cells. Within the CD4-8- thymocyte population, labeling with DBA was positively correlated with reactivity with J11d antibody, the expression of IL-2 receptor and high levels of the homing receptor molecule, MEL-14. Reactivity with DBA was negatively correlated with the expression of Lyt-1, V beta 8 TCR determinants, and CD3.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of murine thymocyte subpopulations reacting with Dolichos bifloris agglutinin. 249 86

Lymphocytes, co-expressing CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 markers respectively, taken from two patients having large granular lymphocytosis taking an indolent clinical course have been comparatively studied for function as NK cells and T cells. Both large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) were acid phosphatase positive and showed a beta-glucuronidase reaction in their cytoplasmic granules. Studies on case 1 indicated that the CD4/Leu7 lymphocytosis with LGL morphology takes a benign clinical course with mild neutropenia as well as those of CD8/Leu7 LG lymphocytosis. Both CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 LGLs behave similarly in their lack of NK activity, and manifest decreased IL-2 production in vitro and show a low IL-2 receptor expression unrelated to their T cell phenotype, but behave differently in influencing the immunoglobulin production in vitro and the ADCC activity, depending on their T cell phenotype and on the expression of Fc receptor, respectively. Furthermore, the altered Fc receptors which were undetectable by the Leul 1 antibody but were still effective for ADCC activity might be present in case 2 LGLs.
 ...
PMID:CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 large granular lymphocytosis: comparative studies between NK cells and T cells. 251 16

A longitudinal study of patients undergoing rush hyposensitization by honey-bee or yellow jacket venom revealed significant changes of the immunophenotypes until the optimal dose was reached, and a progressive reversion to pre-treatment values in the following months. The activation markers CD23 on B cells and CD25 (IL-2 receptor) on T and B lymphocytes decreased. Although there was little variation of the major CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte populations, CD45R+ cells increased whilst CDw29+ lymphocytes diminished. This inverse variation was associated with a peak of CD4+ CD45R+ cells with concomitant decrease in CD4+ CDw29+ cells showing an inverse effect of the treatment on the reciprocal subsets of CD4 lymphocytes. This indicates a shift in the suppressor/inducer to helper/inducer cell ratio early during rush hyposensitization which may also suggest reversion into a less mature stage of CD4+ cells, associated with the transition from a highly allergen-reactive state to progressive unresponsiveness.
 ...
PMID:Concomitant augmentation of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer subset and diminution of CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer subset during rush hyposensitization in hymenoptera venom allergy. 252 35

HIV infection is known to induce a progressive T helper/inducer (CD4) lymphopenia and to impair the functional activities of residual cells. The present studies examined the relationship between the CD4 cell count and three functional assays: T cell colony formation in semisolid media, the capacity of PHA-stimulated cells to express IL-2 receptors, and their ability to synthesize and secrete IL-2. Cells from antibody-positive homosexuals with normal numbers of CD4 cells (greater than 700/microliters) showed defective reactivity in two assays, colony growth, and IL-2 receptor expression. These defects became progressively more pronounced in homosexuals with moderate (400-700 cells/microliters) and severe (less than 400/microliters) reductions in assays for IL-2 production by PHA-stimulated lymphocytes. Mixing experiments suggest that cells from HIV-infected men nonspecifically inhibit the colony growth of normal cells; this abnormality could be reversed by addition of exogenous IL-2. These data suggest that defective colony growth and reduced IL-2 expression are functional abnormalities directly resulting from HIV infection. Furthermore, these changes can precede the CD4 lymphopenia induced by this viral infection.
 ...
PMID:Defective T cell colony formation and IL-2 receptor expression in HIV-infected homosexuals: relationship between functional abnormalities and CD4 cell numbers. 252 69

To examine the relationship between lymphocyte phenotypes and states of activation in patients with Bancroftian filariasis, dual colour flow cytometry and concurrent in vitro cell culture were performed on normal individuals (NV; n = 15), and on patients with either asymptomatic microfilaraemia (MF; n = 12) or elephantiasis (CP; n = 11). In contrast to findings by others in a population with Brugian filariasis, the percentages of total B lymphocytes (CD19), T lymphocytes (CD3), helper/inducer T lymphocytes (CD4), and suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8) in both patient groups were found to be within the range defined by clinically normal individuals. Furthermore, there were no differences among the groups in the expression of the IL-2 receptor (CD25) on T cells. There was, however, a significantly greater proportion (P less than 0.01) of 'activated' cytotoxic/suppressor lymphocytes (defined by co-expression of CD8 and HLA-DR) in patients with elephantiasis (16.4 +/- 8.6%) than in the MF (8.9 +/- 2.6%) or NV (8.3 +/- 2.9%) groups. Further, when the expression of this activation antigen was examined in parallel with in vitro mitogen responsiveness, an inverse correlation between the percentage of CD8+ HLA-DR+ lymphocytes and pokeweed mitogen-induced proliferation was seen (r = -0.54; P less than 0.001). These data provide further definition of the immunoregulatory abnormalities seen in human filarial infections and suggest that activated CD8+ T lymphocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the chronic obstructed lymphatic form of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Lymphocyte subpopulations in Bancroftian filariasis: activated (DR+) CD8+ T cells in patients with chronic lymphatic obstruction. 252 54

CD28 is an antigen of 44 kDa which is expressed on the membrane of the majority of human T cells. The present study examines the functional effects of an anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody (mAb 9.3) on T cell activation induced with immobilized anti-CD3 mAb OKT3 or with mitogens, in the absence of accessory cells. To this end, we used blood resting T cells that were completely depleted of accessory cells (monocytes, B cells, and natural killer cells), and consequently did not respond to recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2), to immobilized OKT3, to PHA, or to Con A. Addition of mAb 9.3 to the cultures enhanced IL-2 receptor expression (Tac antigen) on PHA- or immobilized OKT3-stimulated T cells and induced IL-2 receptors on Con A-stimulated T cells. Moreover, addition of mAb 9.3 to cultures of T cells stimulated with PHA, Con A, or immobilized OKT3 resulted in IL-2 production. Soluble mAb 9.3 was a sufficient helper signal for T cell proliferation in response to PHA or immobilized OKT3. Crosslinking of mAb 9.3 by culture on anti-mouse IgG-coated plates enhanced the helper effect and was an essential requirement for the induction of T cell proliferation in response to Con A. No other anti-T cell mAb (anti-CD2, -CD4, -CD5, -CD7, -CD8) was found to provide a complete accessory signal for PHA or Con A stimulation of purified T cells. T cell proliferation induced by the combination of PHA and mAb 9.3 was strongly inhibited by the anti-IL-2 receptor mAb anti-Tac. In conclusion, mAb 9.3 can provide a signal bypassing monocyte requirement in T cell activation with immobilized OKT3, PHA, and Con A, resulting in an autocrine IL-2-dependent pathway of proliferation.
 ...
PMID:The anti-T cell monoclonal antibody 9.3 (anti-CD28) provides a helper signal and bypasses the need for accessory cells in T cell activation with immobilized anti-CD3 and mitogens. 253 66

Zidovudine (ZDV), an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy, has been associated with reduction in mortality and improvement of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The ZDV recipients, however, experience a multitude of side effects of which bone marrow suppression is the most noteworthy, especially among patients with low CD4 cell counts. The effect of ZDV and interleukin-2 (IL-2) on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMs) from patients with HIV infection was investigated. ZDV 0.5 micrograms inhibited 40% of PHA-induced thymidine uptake in PBMs from healthy donors or patients with HIV, irrespective of their CD4 cell counts. However, IL-2 (10 U/ml) had differential effect on PHA-induced thymidine uptake that appeared to be dependent on absolute CD4 cell counts. While PBMs from patients with CD4 cell counts of 400/mm3 or more did not respond to IL-2 (low responders), IL-2 enhanced the PHA-induced thymidine uptake in PBMs from patients with CD4 cell counts less than 400/mm3 at an average of 60% (high responders). Moreover, IL-2 restored the ZDV-induced inhibition by almost 100% in the high responder group while it did not affect counts in the low responder group. The production of IL-2 in vitro, in response to PHA or recall antigens, was equivalently inhibited in both groups. These data suggest that ZDV and IL-2 could have an additive effect on immune parameters in certain groups of patients infected with HIV. The differential effect of IL-2 was independent of IL-2 receptor expression.
 ...
PMID:Differential reconstitution of zidovudine-induced inhibition of mitogenic responses by interleukin-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 254 65

The leukocyte-common antigen (L-CA) is a family of large molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells of hematopoietic origin. The glycoprotein consists of a heavily glycosylated exterior domain, a single membrane spanning region, and a large cytoplasmic domain that contains tyrosine phosphatase activity. To investigate the function of this family, we generated T cell clones that lacked L-CA (L-CA-). The expression of the alpha beta T cell receptor, CD3, CD4, IL-2 receptor (p55), LFA-1, Thy-1, and Pgp-1 (CD44) was normal. The L-CA- T cell clones failed to proliferate in response to antigen or cross-linked CD3; however, they could still proliferate in response to IL-2. An L-CA+ revertant was obtained and the ability to proliferate in response to antigen and cross-linked CD3 was restored. These data indicate that L-CA is required for T cells to enter into cell cycle in response to antigen.
 ...
PMID:Evidence that the leukocyte-common antigen is required for antigen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation. 255 Jan 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>