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Query: UNIPROT:P14784 (IL-2 receptor)
 3,849 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the present study we describe one CD2+CD3+ clone termed DS6 which expressed neither CD4 nor CD8 differentiation antigens and failed to react with WT31, a monoclonal antibody directed against the T cell antigen receptor alpha/beta heterodimer. This clone was isolated from peripheral blood T lymphocytes of a patient with a prolonged immunodeficiency after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Normal-sized T cell gamma gene transcripts were detected in DS6 by northern analysis, whereas no mature beta or alpha chain mRNA were found. The rearrangement of TCR beta chain genes and T cell gamma genes was analysed. While in DS6, TCR beta chain genes remain in germinal configuration, and a unique pattern of monoallelic T cell gamma gene rearrangement was observed. The rearrangement involves the recently described V gamma 5 segment and the J gamma 1 joining segment, which is located upstream of the C gamma 1 constant region. To determine the molecular structure present on DS6, an immunoprecipitation was performed with monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody and a rabbit antiserum raised against gamma protein. We have observed, in association with the CD3 complex, a 90 kDa structure which under reducing conditions resolves into three subunits of 45, 40 and 37 kDa. We demonstrated that the rabbit anti-gamma serum only immunoprecipitates the two lower bands. The upper band corresponds to a presently undefined T cell receptor chain. Next, we showed the non major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytolytic activity exhibited by these CD3+CD4-CD8- cloned T cells and inhibition of the natural killer (NK)-like activity by the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. The triggering of CD2 or CD3 molecules increased IL-2 receptor expression on DS6 but failed to induce cell proliferation. This contrasts with recent results obtained with gamma-expressing T cell clones and illustrates the functional heterogeneity of the cells bearing the second T cell receptor.
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PMID:Expression of the T cell gamma gene by a functionally defined human T cell clone. Characterization at DNA, RNA, and cell membrane level. 289 85

From one colonic carcinoma chemically induced in the rat, 2 sublines of tumor cells have been cloned, one (PROb) inducing progressive tumors, the other (REGb) generating tumors that regress a few weeks after s.c. injection into syngeneic hosts. Our study was aimed at comparing cellular immunity between animals bearing PROb or REGb tumors. Spleen cells were first tested for in vitro proliferation in response to mitomycin-treated PROb or REGb cells. Only spleen cells from rats injected with REGb cells proliferated significantly when mixed with PROb or REGb cells. The proliferative response induced by REGb cells was considerably higher than the response to PROb cells. When spleen cells from rats bearing REGb tumors were cultured with a mixture of REGb and PROb cells at various PROb/REGb cell ratios, PROb cells significantly suppressed the strong proliferative response generated by the same number of REGb cells alone. REGb-immune spleen cells, after in vitro stimulation by PROb or REGb cells, were not cytotoxic for either cell variant. REGb-immune spleen cells did not differ in their content of T lymphocytes expressing CD4 or CD8 markers when they were stimulated by PROb or REGb cells in vitro, but REGb cells induced a larger number of activated lymphocytes expressing the IL-2 receptor. Our results indicate that, compared to REGb cells, PROb cells are poorer stimulators of proliferation of tumor-immune spleen cells, and that they are able to suppress the proliferative response induced by REGb cells.
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PMID:In vitro proliferative responses of spleen lymphocytes from rats bearing progressive or regressive tumors induced by cell variants of a syngeneic colon carcinoma. 291 5

Recovery of various components of the immune system was followed in eight patients with multiple sclerosis who had received monthly pulses of cyclophosphamide (CY) for approximately one year. CD8 cell numbers and NK and ADCC functions recovered in 1-2 months; B cells and FcR+ cell numbers recovered in 2-4 months. The recovery of CD4 cells and total T cell numbers, CD4/CD8 ratio and proliferative responses to PHA took more than 4 months. The impaired proliferation was not attributable to low IL-2 receptor expression. Once immunosuppression has been achieved pulse administration of CY at 2- to 4-month intervals may be feasible for long-term maintenance treatment.
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PMID:Administration of monthly pulses of cyclophosphamide in multiple sclerosis patients. Delayed recovery of several immune parameters following discontinuation of long-term cyclophosphamide treatment. 295 Jan 31

HIV infection induces both immune deficiency and immune stimulation. Central to the pathology of HIV infection is reduction in the numbers and function of CD4 T cells. Impaired functions include decreased proliferation, IL-2 receptor expression and production of lymphokines (IL-2 and gamma interferon (IFN]. HIV infection stimulates B cells and CD8 T cells. This is seen relatively soon after HIV infection. Increased activation and immaturity are seen in both these cell groups. In vitro studies confirm HIV stimulation of these cells. Studies have been conducted on patients with AIDS and opportunistic infection (OI) or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), with AIDS-related complex (ARC) or with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL), as well as on asymptomatic HIV-seropositive and -seronegative homosexually active men. The latter group has been followed at 6-month intervals for the past 2-3 years. Those who seroconverted (became HIV-infected) were studied to investigate early changes following HIV infection. To delineate the immunopathology of infection with HIV, serial testing of seropositive individuals was carried out to determine the rate of CD4-T-cell reduction. Lowered CD4-T-cell number and percentage and CD4/CD8 ratio correlate with the occurrence of AIDS and with survival after AIDS-KS diagnosis. Seropositive individuals, however, differed markedly in the rate of CD4-T-cell reduction; in some, no reduction in CD4 cells occurred over a two-year period of observation. We propose that, in individuals in which CD4 levels have reached a plateau, effective host resistance to further CD4 cytoreduction has occurred.
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PMID:Immune pathogenesis of AIDS and related syndromes. 295 95

We have investigated the requirements for CD2-induced proliferation of a CD4+, CD8-, CD3+, CD2+ antigen-specific, class II-restricted proliferating cloned cell line. A combination pair of two monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) recognizing, respectively, TII1 and D66 epitopes on the CD2 molecule was used as a stimulus. The regulatory function of accessory cells and various interleukins in this proliferation was determined. The results show that although this clone was able to proliferate in the absence of accessory cells (AC) or interleukin 1 (IL-1) when stimulated by these MoAb, AC constantly enhanced the response to these MoAb. AC acted by increasing high-affinity IL-2 receptor expression. On the contrary they did not play any role in IL-2 production. This regulation of IL-2 receptor expression by AC was specific of adherent cells, did not involve Fc receptors, was impaired when AC were metabolically inactivated and did not require T cell-AC interaction via LFA1, CD4, or HLA molecules. The AC function was not abrogated by anti-IL-1 antibodies and could not be replaced by exogenous IL-1. These results were compared to previously described AC effects on resting T-cell proliferation when stimulated with the same pair of anti-CD2 MoAb. Clear differences in activation requirements in resting and activated T cells via CD2 molecules were found.
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PMID:Regulation of helper T cell clone proliferation via the CD2 molecule. 295 40

Mature T cells arise from progenitor cells by a complex and poorly understood process of differentiation in the thymus. Thymocytes can be divided into four major compartments on the basis of surface expression of the murine equivalents of CD8 (Lyt-2) and CD4 (L3T4) (refs 1,2). Functionally mature thymocytes express only CD4 or CD8. The CD4-8- subset contains progenitor cells capable of giving rise to all the phenotypic and functional classes of T cells on adoptive transfer. The function of the major population, the CD4+8+ cells, which carry both the CD4 and CD8 antigens, in thymic differentiation is controversial. It has been variously proposed that they represent terminally differentiated cells which die in the thymus or that they represent an intermediate stage and can differentiate into functionally and phenotypically mature single positive T cells. The CD3-antigen receptor complex is probably important in thymic differentiation. The receptor has two functions: recognition and transmembrane signalling. To help clarify the function of CD4+8+ thymocytes in thymic differentiation, the expression and function of the antigen receptor complex on these cells should be determined. We show here that most CD4+8+ thymocytes express CD3 which functions in transmembrane signalling. The consequences of this signalling differ from those in mature T cells, however, in that the CD4+8+ cells do not secrete IL-2, express IL-2 receptor, or proliferate.
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PMID:Expression and function of the CD3-antigen receptor on murine CD4+8+ thymocytes. 295 67

The role of T cell activation on the immunoregulatory function of lymphocytes in the lamina propria of the normal intestine was investigated. Lymphocytes were isolated from different sites in non-human primates, and their cell surface phenotypes, response to exogenous IL-2, and immunoregulatory function in pokeweed mitogen stimulated cultures were determined. The proportions of Leu-3+ (CD4) and Leu-2+ (CD8) lymphocytes in isolated lamina propria cells were similar to peripheral blood and spleen, but the proportion of Leu-3+ cells was significantly higher in mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes. The proportion of IL-2 receptor positive cells was significantly higher in lamina propria compared with peripheral blood, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Increased IL-2 receptor expression was found on both Leu-3+ and Leu-2+ lamina propria T cells. In addition, although lamina propria T cells had a lower proliferative response to Con A, they had a significantly higher response when cultured with recombinant IL-2, indicating that they have increased expression of functional IL-2 receptors. The helper function of lamina propria T cells for pokeweed mitogen stimulated immunoglobulin synthesis was enhanced by recombinant IL-2. Although Leu-2+ lymphocytes in the lamina propria had increased IL-2 receptor expression, suppressor function of lamina propria T cells was similar to that of spleen cells, and was not enhanced by addition of exogenous IL-2. Thus, T cells in the lamina propria have increased expression of functional IL-2 receptors, and recombinant IL-2 enhances the helper, but not the suppressor function of lamina propria T cells for immunoglobulin synthesis.
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PMID:Effect of IL-2 on immunoregulatory function of intestinal lamina propria T cells in normal non-human primates. 296 91

The effects of examination stress on some lymphocyte subpopulations and cellular immune responses are reported. Twelve undergraduate students of psychology in examination term were tested six weeks before the written examination (phase I), one day before the first or second examination day (phase II) and 12-14 days after the examination (phase III). A comparable control group of students not in examination was assessed in parallel in phase II. The percentage of circulating monocytes increased in phase II in the examination group whereas the percentage of large (probably activated) CD4 and CD8 cells decreased. There was also a decrease in the number of cells expressing the IL-2 receptor in phase II. The proliferative response of T-cells to antigens, mitogens and allogeneic cells decreased from phase I to phase III. Thus, acute examination stress has a detectable influence on certain cellular immunological functions.
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PMID:Effects of examination stress on some cellular immunity functions. 296 18

CD3+ WT31- T cells were sorted from peripheral blood of a normal healthy donor by a FACS IV and cloned by limiting dilution in the presence of a phorbol ester (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate, TPA), calcium ionophore (ionomycin, Io), interleukin-2 (IL-2), allogeneic cells, and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). One of the derived clones, 290-2, was investigated in detail. 290-2 mediated strong natural killer (NK) but not lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity. It proliferated in the presence of IL-2 but not IL-4. It carried the surface phenotype CD3+ WT31- CD4weak+ CD8-, CD16-, and Leu 19+. Expression of CD4 was heterogeneous within the clone, since two of three subclones were also CD4weak+ but one was CD4-. NK activity was blocked by monoclonal antibody (moAb) to CD1 1a (LFA1), but not by monoclonal antibody (moAb) to either CD3 or CD4. Northern blotting revealed T-cell receptor (TCR-gamma) but not alpha- or full-length beta-chain mRNA. 290-2 proliferated autonomously when stimulated with a combination of TPA +Io, with PHA or CD3 moAb and autologous B-cell lines (B-LCL) (and this was inhibited by an anti-IL-2 receptor moAb), but not to allogeneic B-LCL or any of the other stimulating agents alone. Unexpectedly, the TPA + Io stimulus which resulted in maximal proliferative responses did not trigger interferon-gamma or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor production, although both lymphokines were secreted in the presence of B-LCL + TPA + Io. Proliferative responses were not enhanced by the presence of B-LCL. Thus, activation signals sufficient for autocrine proliferative responses were insufficient for secretion of other lymphokines. Such clones will provide valuable reagents for investigating the biology of the TCR-gamma+ T cell.
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PMID:Different signals for stimulation of proliferation and lymphokine secretion by a CD3+ WT31- cloned cytotoxic lymphocyte. 296 87

We constructed a series of MAb heterodimers consisting of the J5 (anti-common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen [CALLA]) antibody and antibodies to a variety of structures present on the surface of activated human T cells, including CD3 antigen (T cell receptor-associated glycoproteins), CD2 antigen (T11/E-rosette receptor), CD25 antigen (IL-2 receptor), and the transferrin receptor. We tested the ability of these heterodimers to direct a CD2 + CD3 + CD8 + CD4 - CD25 + transferrin receptor + MHC-restricted human cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone to lyse a CALLA + human tumor in vitro. Only heterodimers containing an anti-CD3 antibody or activating antibodies to CD2 could direct the clone to lyse these human tumor targets, even when the clone was additionally activated with anti-CD3 or anti-CD2 antibodies. Our findings may have implications in the design of strategies for the use of such reagents in the treatment of human neoplasia.
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PMID:Requirements for the construction of antibody heterodimers for the direction of lysis of tumors by human T cells. 296 15


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