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Query: UNIPROT:P13232 (Interleukin-7)
 580 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biochemical characteristics, O1 antigen factors and phage patterns were examined in 35 urinary O1:K1 isolates of Escherichia coli different in H and F antigen. Fermentation of dulcitol, decarboxylation of ornithine, requirement for nicotinamide, and determination of O1 factor d allowed maximum differentiation. On the basis of these tests the strains could be divided into two major groups which are obviously of different clonal origin. Members of clone 1 represented by serotypes O1:K1:H7:F11 (12 strains) and O1:K1:H-:F11 (5 strains) were characterized by positive biochemical reactions and absence of O1 antigen factor d. Negative biochemical tests and presence of O1 antigen factor d were shown by strains of clone 2 which were of serotypes O1:K1:H-:F9 (14 strains) and O1:K1:H-:F- (3 strains). Phage patterns are less well correlated with clonal assignment. However, strains of clone 2 were not susceptible to K1-specific phage D and were non-typable with another set of 13 phages.
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PMID:Biochemical characteristics, phage patterns, and O1 factor analysis of Escherichia coli O1:K1:H7:F11 and O1:K1:H-:F9 strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. 620 64

Crown gall tumors are induced in plants by infection with the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Because the tumor induction involves transfer of a portion of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid DNA from the bacterium to the plant cells, this system is of interest for the study of genetic exchange as well as tumor induction. The boundaries of the transferred DNA (T-DNA) have been cloned from transformed plant cells of tobacco. Detailed mapping with restriction enzymes and nucleotide sequence analysis of two independent clones were used to study the molecular structure of the ends of the T-DNA. One clone contains the two ends of the T-DNA joined together; the other contains one end of the T-DNA joined to repetitive plant DNA sequences. These studies provide direct evidence that the T-DNA can be integrated into the plant genome. In addition, the data suggest that in the plant, T-DNA can be tandemly repeated. Sequence analysis of the junction of crown gall clone 1 reveals several direct repeats as well as an inverted repeat; these structures may be involved in the transfer of the DNA from Agrobacterium to plant cells.
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PMID:Tumor DNA structure in plant cells transformed by A. tumefaciens. 625 46

Simian virus 40-transformed V11 F1 clone 1 subclone 7 rat cells produced a considerable amount of an elongated form of large-T antigen with an Mr of 115,000 (115K super-T antigen), but these cells did not produce detectable traces of normal-sized large-T antigen (86,000 daltons) (P. May, M. Kress, M. Lange, and E. May, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 44:189-200, 1980). First, a comparison of the tryptic peptide fingerprints of 115K super-T and large-T antigens suggested that 115K super-T antigen is simian virus 40 coded and contains a duplication of amino acid sequences of large-T antigen. Second, from S1 mapping analysis of 115K super-T mRNA, performed with various restriction fragments of simian virus 40 DNA, it was concluded that super-T mRNA is a form of large-T mRNA containing a tandem duplication of the sequence extending from approximately 0.46 to 0.35 map unit. The duplicated sequence corresponded to that region of the simian virus 40 genome in which 12 of 13 tsA mutation sites are clustered (C. J. Lai and D. Nathans, Virology 66:70-81, 1975).
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PMID:Mapping of the viral mRNA encoding a super-T antigen of 115,000 daltons expressed in simian virus 40-transformed rat cell lines. 626 Sep 78

The unintegrated closed circular form of viral DNA prepared from NIH3T3 cells infected with Kirsten murine sarcoma virus was cloned into bacterial plasmid pBR322. The closed circular DNA, which consisted of two different-sized populations, was enriched from the virus-infected cells, linearized with BamHI, and inserted into pBR322 DNA. Four different recombinant DNAs (clones 2, 4, 6, and 7) were obtained, and a physical map of each was constructed by using various restriction enzymes. Clone 4 DNA had the largest insertion, corresponding to a complete copy of the linear DNA. This suggested that this insertion contained two copies of the 0.55-kilobase pair long terminal redundant sequence. Clone 2 and clone 6 insertion DNAs had deletions of 0.2 and 0.5 kilobase pair, respectively, which mapped near the right end (3' side of viral RNA) of the linear DNA. Clone 7 DNA appeared to have a deletion of a single copy of the large terminal redundant sequence. Transfection of BALB3T3 cells with the clone 4 DNA insertion showed that this DNA had transforming activity. The efficiency of transfection with clone 4 Kirsten murine sarcoma virus DNA was enhanced eightfold by inserting EcoRI-cleaved viral DNA into the EcoRI site of pBR322. The EcoRI-inserted DNA produced foci with single-hit kinetics, suggesting that a single molecule of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus DNA can induce transformation. Results of transfections with EcoRI-inserted Kirsten murine sarcoma virus DNA cleaved with various restriction enzymes suggested that the first 3.3-kilobase pair region at the left end of the linear DNA is important for the initiation of transformation or maintenance of transformation or both.
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PMID:Structure and functions of the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus genome: molecular cloning of biologically active Kirsten murine sarcoma virus DNA. 626 39

It has been reported that SV40-transformed V 11 F 1 clone 1 subclone 7 rat cells (subclone 7) produce a super T antigen of 115,000 M. This super T antigen is entirely SV40 coded and is synthesized by translation of an elongated form of SV40 early mRNA (May, E., Kress, M. Daya-Grosjean, L., Monier, R. and May, P. (1981) J. Virol., 37, 24-35). The results reported here show that there is only one independent insertion of viral DNA in the cellular genome of subclone 7 cells. When DNA from subclone 7 cells was cleaved with Bam HI endonuclease two distinct SV40 sequence containing fragments were generated with sizes of 5 Kb and 10 Kb, respectively. Two recombinant cosmids were constructed by insertion of the 5 Kb and 10 Kb fragments, respectively, into cosmid pHC 79. Using restriction map analysis and nucleotide sequencing, we showed that the 5 Kb fragment actually contained the complete sequence of a gene encoding super T antigen. As compared to the normal SV40 early gene, the sequence of super T gene showed the following rearrangements: (i) The segment between nucleotides 4116 - 3544 was duplicated in a direct order and (ii) these two copies of 573 nucleotide sequence were separated by a 93 nucleotide tract which was a nearly perfect inverted repeat of the segment located between nucleotides 4868 and 4776 (nucleotide numbering used here = Weissmann number +17).
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PMID:Characterization of a gene encoding a 115 K super T antigen expressed by a SV40-transformed rat cell line. 627 94

To analyze the site of integration of the herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) thymidine kinase (TK) gene in biochemically transformed human cells, TK-HeLa-(BU25) cells were transformed to the TK+ phenotype by a cloned, 2 kbp Pvull fragment of HSV-I DNA. The transformed cells [HeLa(BU25)/TF pAGO PP3] were fused with mouse LM(TK-) cells, and human-mouse somatic cell hybrid clones (LH PP3 clones 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6) were isolated in HATG-ouabain selective medium. The HeLa(BU25)/TF pAGO PP3 cells and the LH PP3 hybrid clones expressed HSV-I specific TK activity and a herpesvirus-associated nuclear antigen, and contained herpesvirus nucleotide sequences. Molecular hybridization experiments were carried out to map the HSV-I and flanking cellular nucleotide sequences in the biochemically transformed cells. These experiments demonstrated that the HSV-I nucleotide sequences were integrated at a single site, and that the same cellular nucleotide sequences flanked the viral DNA in transformed HeLa(BU25)/TF pAGO PP3 and LH PP3 clone 5 cells. TK- revertant subclones isolated by growing the LH PP3 clone 5 cells in BrdUrd (and diphtheria toxin) failed to form colonies in HATG medium, but retained HSV-I nucleotide sequences. Isozyme analyses on 21 gene-enzyme systems representing 21 human chromosomes revealed that all of the LH PP3 clonal lines expressed human hexosaminidase B, which has been assigned to chromosome 5, and all were sensitive to diphtheria toxin, which is also a marker for chromosome 5. Chromosome analyses showed that chromosome 5 was the nly human chromosome present in mitoses of LH PP3 clone 5 cells and that human chromosome 5 was present in most of the mitoses of LH PP3 clone 1, 2, 3, and 6 cells. The latter clones also contained 1 or 2 additional human chromosomes in some of the cells. As expected from the molecular hybridization analyses, TK- revertants of LH PP3 clone 5 cells retained portions of chromosome 5 and expressed human hexosaminidase B. The results indicate that HSV-I nucleotide sequences were stably integrated in the biochemically transformed cells, most likely in human chromosome 5.
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PMID:The site of integration of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene in human cells transformed by an HSV-1 DNA fragment. 627 99

We have examined the expression of type C RNA viruses in different Friend erythroleukaemic cell types, distinguished on the basis of increasingly malignant characteristics, which arise during the ageing of mice inoculated with the polycythaemic Friend virus complex. Most early appearing Friend cells (type I) expressed ecotropic virus, but cells of later malignant types showed decreased and variable expression. In general, the more malignant cells released less ecotropic virus. Xenotropic virus was detected in low numbers from type I, II, and IV cells. Two viruses were cloned from type II tumour cells: a xenotropic virus (II clone 1) and an N-tropic ecotropic virus (II clone 2). No pathogenic activity was found when II clone 1 was inoculated into newborn and adult DBA/2J and NIH/Swiss mice observed for up to 20 months, whereas II clone 2 caused a rapid anaemic erythroleukaemia in both N- and B-type newborn mouse strains. It caused a similar form of leukaemia in susceptible N-type adult mice, but at a lower frequency and with a longer latency (usually greater than 5 months). This finding demonstrated a lack of NB restriction in newborn mice. The virus was much less active in DBA/2J mice from which it had been originally cloned; it also appeared to cause lymphoma or to shorten the latency of spontaneous lymphoma in DBA/2J mice.
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PMID:Biological characteristics of type C viruses isolated from different Friend erythroleukaemic cells. 627 76

Classes of cell variants isolated from BALB/3T3-A31 clone 1 showing high, intermediate, and low susceptibility to ultraviolet light-induced transformation also demonstrated a differential response to benzo(a)pyrene (BP)-induced transformation. On the other hand, these variants showed an identical susceptibility to the killing effect of these carcinogens. The extent of BP binding to DNA was found to be very similar in all three classes of variants under transforming conditions. BP:DNA adducts from the variant cells were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The same adducts (N2-(10S-[7R,8S,9R-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene]yl)deoxyguanosine and a minute amount of the 7S enantiomer) were detected in the highly susceptible, the intermediately susceptible, and the resistant variant clones. Removal of the BP:DNA adduct occurred at an equally slow rate in all three classes of variant cells. These results indicate that the formation of stable covalent DNA adducts is not a sufficient condition for induction of transformation. Processes other than formation and removal of the stably bound BP:DNA covalent adducts are thus major factors controlling the susceptibility of BALB/3T3-A31 clone 1 variant cells to BP-induced transformation.
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PMID:Similarities in the formation and removal of covalent DNA adducts in benzo(a)pyrene-treated BALB/3T3 variant cells with different induced transformation frequencies. 628 45

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), which stimulates tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity both in vivo and in vitro, inhibits proliferation of A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells. After mutagenesis clonal cell lines that were resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of EGF were selected. All six variants examined contained decreased EGF-stimulated protein kinase. The number of EGF receptors in variant cells decreased in parallel with EGF-stimulated protein kinase activity so that the specific activity of EGF-stimulated protein kinase per EGF receptor remained constant in variant cell lines with up to tenfold reductions in both activities. This result suggests that both EGF binding and kinase activities reside in the same or closely coupled molecules. The effect of EGF on growth of two resistant variants was examined in detail. Clone 29 contains approximately 50% and clone 4 contains approximately 20% of the EGF-stimulated protein kinase activity of the parental A431 cell line. In serum-supplemented medium, EGF stimulated proliferation of clone 29 but did not affect growth of clone 4. In a 1:1 mixture of DME and F-12 medium without serum, EGF caused both clone 29 and clone 4 to grow as well as in 10% serum. These variants, which were selected for resistance to the growth inhibitory effects of EGF, thus exhibit a strong mitogenic response to EGF. This result suggests that resistance to the growth inhibitory effect of EGF may involve both a decrease in EGF-stimulated protein kinase and an alteration in the response pathway.
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PMID:Role of epidermal growth factor-stimulated protein kinase in control of proliferation of A431 cells. 629 69

Simian virus 40 (SV40) transformed V 11 F 1 clone 1 subclone 7 rat cells (subclone 7) do not synthesize normal-size large T antigen (M(r), 90,000); instead, they produce a 115,000 M(r) super T antigen (115K super T antigen). This super T antigen is SV40 virus coded, and its synthesis results from rearrangement and amplification of integrated viral DNA sequences in subclone 7 (May et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 9:4111-4128, 1981). In this study the functional activities of 115K super T antigen were compared with the functional activities of SV40 large T antigen. Transfection experiments were performed with (i) cosmid SVE 5 Kb and plasmid pSVsT, both containing the super T antigen gene and (ii) plasmids pSV1 and pSV40, both containing the large T antigen gene. Transfection of pSVsT DNA or SVE 5 Kb DNA into secondary cultures of rat kidney cells induced the formation of transformed cell foci with an efficiency that was about 50% of the efficiency of pSV1 DNA or pSV40 DNA. Concomitant with the transforming activity, two other activities were also retained by super T antigen, namely, the ability to enhance the level of host cellular protein p53 and the capacity to bind to p53. In contrast, pSVsT and SVE 5 Kb DNAs were markedly deficient in the capacity to support tsA58 DNA replication in CV1-P cells at a nonpermissive temperature (41 degrees C), as shown by cotransfection experiments. The yield of virus produced in these experiments was 400-fold less than the yield obtained in parallel experiments with pSV40 or pSV1. However, SVE 5 Kb and pSVsT have a functional SV40 replication origin, as shown by their efficient replication in COS 1 cells which provided functional large T antigen. Super T antigen also possesses a specific affinity for sequences of SV40 viral origin. Our results suggest that under certain conditions, evolutionary changes in T antigen take place and that these changes could be restricted to the phenotypic requirement of maintaining a structure that is able to induce cell transformation, to form a complex with p53, and to enhance the cellular level of p53. Therefore, there appears to be a close relationship among the activities of T antigen involved in transforming cells, in binding to p53, and in enhancing the p53 cellular level. Moreover, this set of activities appears to be separable from the replicative ability of T antigen, based on the observation that 115K super T antigen is markedly defective for initiating viral DNA synthesis.
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PMID:Study of the functional activities concomitantly retained by the 115,000 Mr super T antigen, an evolutionary variant of simian virus 40 large T antigen expressed in transformed rat cells. 630 Apr 61


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