Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P10721 (c-kit)
 6,575 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of primary small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the breast in a 41-year-old woman is presented. The patient was alive and well without disease 16 months after modified radical mastectomy and subsequent chemotherapy. The tumor cells revealed morphologic similarity to oat cell carcinoma of the lung and immunohistochemical expression of neuroendocrine markers. In ultrastructural examination, the tumor cells had neurosecretory granules. Review of nine previously reported cases and this case of primary small cell carcinoma of the breast has revealed that this type of tumor shows prominent vascular invasion, frequent lymph node metastasis, infrequent expression of estrogen receptor, and also very poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical study for the c-kit proto-oncogene product, which has been reported to be a specific marker for pulmonary small cell carcinoma, demonstrated positive reactivity in approximately 80% of the tumor cells of this case, which is the first report according to our knowledge. The expression of c-kit might be some aid to the diagnosis of primary small cell carcinoma of the breast.
 ...
PMID:Primary small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the breast: report of a case and review of the literature. 1110 70

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCPC) is morphologically similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) and maybe misinterpreted as Gleason pattern 5b prostate adenocarcinoma (HGPC). Recognition of SCPC is important because of its different clinical behavior. This study aims to characterize the immunophenotype of histologically classic SCPC using a comprehensive panel of markers, to better understand its histogenesis, aid in its classification, and evaluate potential therapeutic targets. Using the World Health Organization morphologic criteria for SCLC, 18 SCPC cases were identified; and studied for the following tumor marker groups: prostate specific/related, neuroendocrine, sex steroid hormone receptors, and prognostic/treatment target-related. Ten cases of UPC were used as controls. PSA was positive in 17% of SCPC and neuroendocrine markers were expressed in HGPC. PSA, TTF-1 and CD56 were the most helpful markers in differentiating between SCPC and HGPC (P<0.01), whereas bombesin/GRP, c-kit, bcl-2, and EGFR expression was more frequent in SCPC. SCPC is best diagnosed by following the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for SCLC. Immunohistochemical markers can help separate SCPC from HGPC and may be useful in histologically borderline cases. Potential therapeutic targets are identified immunohistochemically in SCPC (Bombesin/GRP, c-kit, bcl-2, and EGFR).
 ...
PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: an immunohistochemical study. 1672 47

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of undifferentiated, malignant neuroendocrine tumor. Most of neuroendocrine tumors exhibit well-differentiated features and are classified as carcinoid tumors. However, carcinomas of the liver with anaplastic characters, which are classified as small-cell carcinomas are extremely rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature. We report an unusual case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver in a 67-year-old man. The patient was found to have a palpable mass on right upper quadrant of abdomen on physical examination. The diagnosis was made by immunohistochemical stains of biopsied specimen from the liver. Other possible primary site was excluded by radiologic and endoscopic evaluations. The tumor was composed of small monotonous and hyperchromatic poorly differentiated cells with higher nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, and were positive for neuroendocrine tissue markers such as synaptophysin, c-kit, and CD56.
 ...
PMID:[A case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver]. 1686 80

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare but highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Most patients present with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Hematuria is the most frequent presenting symptom. Histologically, small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is indistinguishable from its pulmonary counterpart. Coexistence with other types of carcinoma is common. Histogenesis is uncertain; there are several competing theories, including origin from stem cells, from urothelial cells, and from neuroendocrine cells in normal or metaplastic urothelium. The molecular pathogenesis remains unclear. Immunohistochemical staining can be extremely helpful in establishing the diagnosis, and in investigating the use of potential therapeutic strategies. Currently, combinations of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy represent the main treatment options. The recent observation of c-kit and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in more than 25% of patients with urinary bladder small cell carcinoma opens new avenues for further investigation. Improvement in survival may depend upon the identification of new molecular markers to facilitate earlier diagnosis and the development of novel targeted therapies. In this paper, we review general aspects of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, focusing on the ways in which our understanding of this entity has been positively influenced by studies of the histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings, and by investigations of genetic alterations in this disease.
 ...
PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder--histogenesis, genetics, diagnosis, biomarkers, treatment, and prognosis. 1753 2